Structural brain changes after 4 wk of unilateral strength training of the lower limb

Journal of Applied Physiology

Volumn 115, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 167-175

  Palmer, H S ^a,e   Haberg A K ^a,b   Fimland, M S ^a   Solstad, G M ^a   Moe Iversen, V ^a   Hoff, J ^a,b   Helgerud, J ^a,c,d   Eikenes, L ^a  

^a NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Norway)

^b TRONDHEIM UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^c Hokksund Medical Rehabilitation Centre   (Norway)

^d UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH EASTERN NORWAY   (Norway)

^e NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Norway)

Author keywords

Cross education; Diffusion tensor imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging; Neural adaptations

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN; CROSS-EDUCATION; DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING; HUMAN; LEG; METHODOLOGY; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION; MUSCLE STRENGTH; NEURAL ADAPTATIONS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PHYSIOLOGY; PYRAMIDAL TRACT; RESISTANCE TRAINING; SKELETAL MUSCLE; YOUNG ADULT;

CROSS-EDUCATION; DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; NEURAL ADAPTATIONS;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ADULT; BRAIN; DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING; HUMANS; ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION; LEG; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE STRENGTH; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; PYRAMIDAL TRACTS; RESISTANCE TRAINING; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84880569415     PISSN: 87507587     EISSN: 15221601     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00277.2012     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Adamson M, Macquaide N, Helgerud J, Hoff J, Kemi OJ. Unilateral arm strength training improves contralateral peak force and rate of force development. Eur J Appl Physiol 103: 553-559, 2008.
2. Adkins DL, Boychuk J, Remple MS, Kleim JA. Motor training induces experience-specific patterns of plasticity across motor cortex and spinal cord. J Appl Physiol 101: 1776-1782, 2006.
3. Alexander GE, Crutcher MD. Preparation for movement: neural representations of intended direction in three motor areas of the monkey. J Neurophysiol 64: 133-150, 1990.
4. Beckmann CF, Jenkinson M, Smith SM. General multilevel linear modeling for group analysis in FMRI. Neuroimage 20: 1052-1063, 2003.
5. Behrens TE, Berg HJ, Jbabdi S, Rushworth MF, Woolrich MW. Probabilistic diffusion tractography with multiple fibre orientations: What can we gain? Neuroimage 34: 144-155, 2007.
6. Bouchard C, Rankinen T. Individual differences in response to regular physical activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 33: S446-S451; discussion S452- S453, 2001.
7. Carroll TJ, Herbert RD, Munn J, Lee M, Gandevia SC. Contralateral effects of unilateral strength training: evidence and possible mechanisms. J Appl Physiol 101: 1514-1522, 2006.
8. Carroll TJ, Selvanayagam VS, Riek S, Semmler JG. Neural adaptations to strength training: moving beyond transcranial magnetic stimulation and reflex studies. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 202: 119-140, 2011.
9. Cascio CJ, Gerig G, Piven J. Diffusion tensor imaging: application to the study of the developing brain. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 46: 213-223, 2007.
10. Chapman JP, Chapman LJ, Allen JJ. The measurement of foot preference. Neuropsychologia 25: 579-584, 1987.
11. Del Balso C, Cafarelli E. Adaptations in the activation of human skeletal muscle induced by short-term isometric resistance training. J Appl Physiol 103: 402-411, 2007.
12. DeLong MR, Alexander GE, Georgopoulos AP, Crutcher MD, Mitchell SJ, Richardson RT. Role of basal ganglia in limb movements. Hum Neurobiol 2: 235-244, 1984.
13. Demerens C, Stankoff B, Logak M, Anglade P, Allinquant B, Couraud F, Zalc B, Lubetzki C. Induction of myelination in the central nervous system by electrical activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93: 9887-9892, 1996.
14. Dettmers C, Fink GR, Lemon RN, Stephan KM, Passingham RE, Silbersweig D, Holmes A, Ridding MC, Brooks DJ, Frackowiak RS. Relation between cerebral activity and force in the motor areas of the human brain. J Neurophysiol 74: 802-815, 1995.
15. Draganski B, May A. Training-induced structural changes in the adult human brain. Behav Brain Res 192: 137-142, 2008.
16. Elias LJ, Bryden MP, Bulman-Fleming MB. Footedness is a better predictor than is handedness of emotional lateralization. Neuropsychologia 36: 37-43, 1998.
17. Farthing J, Borowsky R, Chilibeck P, Binsted G, Sarty G. Neurophysiological adaptations associated with cross-education of strength. Brain Topogr 20: 77-88, 2007.
18. Fields RD. Oligodendrocytes changing the rules: action potentials in glia and oligodendrocytes controlling action potentials. Neuroscientist 14: 540-543, 2008.
19. Fimland M, Helgerud J, Solstad G, Iversen V, Leivseth G, Hoff J. Neural adaptations underlying cross-education after unilateral strength training. Eur J Appl Physiol 107: 723-730, 2009.
20. Fimland MS, Helgerud J, Gruber M, Leivseth G, Hoff J. Enhanced neural drive after maximal strength training in multiple sclerosis patients. Eur J Appl Physiol 110: 435-443, 2010.
21. Fimland MS, Helgerud J, Solstad GM, Iversen VM, Leivseth G, Hoff J. Neural adaptations underlying cross-education after unilateral strength training. Eur J Appl Physiol 107: 723-730, 2009.
22. Fimland MS, Moen PM, Hill T, Gjellesvik TI, Tørhaug T, Helgerud J, Hoff J. Neuromuscular performance of paretic versus non-paretic plantar flexors after stroke. Eur J Appl Physiol 111: 3041-3049, 2011.
23. Folland JP, Williams AG. The adaptations to strength training: morphological and neurological contributions to increased strength. Sports Med 37: 145-168, 2007.
24. Grouios G, Hatzitaki V, Kollias N, Koidou I. Investigating the stabilising and mobilising features of footedness. Laterality 14: 362-380, 2009.
25. Hänggi J, Koeneke S, Bezzola L, Jäncke L. Structural neuroplasticity in the sensorimotor network of professional female ballet dancers. Hum Brain Mapp 31: 1196-206, 2010.
26. Hautala AJ, Kiviniemi AM, Mäkikallio TH, Kinnunen H, Nissilä S, Huikuri HV, Tulppo MP. Individual differences in the responses to endurance and resistance training. Eur J Appl Physiol 96: 535-542, 2006.
27. Havel P, Braun B, Rau S, Tonn JC, Fesl G, Brückmann H, Ilmberger J. Reproducibility of activation in four motor paradigms. An fMRI study. J Neurol 253: 471-476, 2006.
28. Hortobágyi T. Cross education and the human central nervous system. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag 24: 22-28, 2005.
29. Hortobágyi T, Richardson SP, Lomarev M, Shamim E, Meunier S, Russman H, Dang N, Hallett M. Interhemispheric plasticity in humans. Med Sci Sports Exerc 43: 1188-1199, 2011.
30. Ishibashi T, Dakin KA, Stevens B, Lee PR, Kozlov SV, Stewart CL, Fields RD. Astrocytes promote myelination in response to electrical impulses. Neuron 49: 823-832, 2006.
31. Jenkinson M, Bannister P, Brady M, Smith S. Improved optimization for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images. Neuroimage 17: 825-841, 2002.
32. Jenkinson M, Smith S. A global optimisation method for robust affine registration of brain images. Med Image Anal 5: 143-156, 2001.
33. Karavirta L, Häkkinen K, Kauhanen A, Arija-Blázquez A, Sillanpää E, Rinkinen N, Häkkinen A. Individual responses to combined endurance and strength training in older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 43: 484-490, 2011.
34. Karni A, Meyer G, Jezzard P, Adams MM, Turner R, Ungerleider LG. Functional MRI evidence for adult motor cortex plasticity during motor skill learning. Nature 377: 155-158, 1995.
35. Kidgell D, Stokes M, Castricum T, Pearce A. Neurophysiological responses after short-term strength training of the biceps brachii muscle. J Strength Cond Res 24: 3123-3132, 2010.
36. Kidgell DJ, Stokes MA, Pearce AJ. Strength training of one limb increases corticomotor excitability projecting to the contralateral homologous limb. Motor Control 15: 247-266, 2011.
37. Kloppel S, Mangin J, Vongerichten A, Frackowiak R, Siebner H. Nurture versus nature: long-term impact of forced right-handedness on structure of pericentral cortex and basal ganglia. J Neurosci 30: 3271- 3275, 2010.
38. Korotkov A, Radovanovic S, Ljubisavljevic M, Lyskov E, Kataeva G, Roudas M, Pakhomov S, Thunberg J, Medvedev S, Johansson H. Comparison of brain activation after sustained non-fatiguing and fatiguing muscle contraction: a positron emission tomography study. Exp Brain Res 163: 65-74, 2005.
39. Latella C, Kidgell DJ, Pearce AJ. Reduction in corticospinal inhibition in the trained and untrained limb following unilateral leg strength training. Eur J Appl Physiol 112: 3097-3107, 2012.
40. Lebel C, Mattson SN, Riley EP, Jones KL, Adnams CM, May PA, Bookheimer SY, O'Connor MJ, Narr KL, Kan E, Abaryan Z, Sowell ER. A Longitudinal study of the long-term consequences of drinking during pregnancy: heavy in utero alcohol exposure disrupts the normal processes of brain development. J Neurosci 32: 15243-15251, 2012.
41. Lee M, Gandevia SC, Carroll TJ. Unilateral strength training increases voluntary activation of the opposite untrained limb. Clin Neurophysiol 120: 802-808, 2009.
42. Maldjian JA, Laurienti PJ, Kraft RA, Burdette JH. An automated method for neuroanatomic and cytoarchitectonic atlas-based interrogation of fMRI data sets. Neuroimage 19: 1233-1239, 2003.
43. Marchand WR, Lee JN, Thatcher JW, Hsu EW, Rashkin E, Suchy Y, Chelune G, Starr J, Barbera SS. Putamen coactivation during motor task execution. Neuroreport 19: 957-960, 2008.
44. McCloskey DP, Adamo DS, Anderson BJ. Exercise increases metabolic capacity in the motor cortex and striatum, but not in the hippocampus. Brain Res 891: 168-175, 2001.
45. Munn J, Herbert RD, Hancock MJ, Gandevia SC. Training with unilateral resistance exercise increases contralateral strength. J Appl Physiol 99: 1880-1884, 2005.
46. Oishi K, Faria AV, van Zijl PCM, Mori S. MRI Atlas of Human White Matter. New York: Elsevier, 2005.
47. Oldfield RC. The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia 9: 97-113, 1971.
48. Packard MG, Knowlton BJ. Learning and memory functions of the Basal Ganglia. Annu Rev Neurosci 25: 563-593, 2002.
49. Packard MG, McGaugh JL. Inactivation of hippocampus or caudate nucleus with lidocaine differentially affects expression of place and response learning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 65: 65-72, 1996.
50. Partridge SC, Mukherjee P, Henry RG, Miller SP, Berman JI, Jin H, Lu Y, Glenn OA, Ferriero DM, Barkovich AJ, Vigneron DB. Diffusion tensor imaging: serial quantitation of white matter tract maturity in premature newborns. Neuroimage 22: 1302-1314, 2004.
51. Pascual-Leone A, Grafman J, Hallett M. Modulation of cortical motor output maps during development of implicit and explicit knowledge. Science 263: 1287-1289, 1994.
52. Patenaude B, Smith SM, Kennedy DN, Jenkinson M. A Bayesian model of shape and appearance for subcortical brain segmentation. Neuroimage 56: 907-922, 2011.
53. Perez MA, Cohen LG. Mechanisms underlying functional changes in the primary motor cortex ipsilateral to an active hand. J Neurosci 28: 5631- 5640, 2008.
54. Schmithorst VJ, Wilke M. Differences in white matter architecture between musicians and non-musicians: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Neurosci Lett 321: 57-60, 2002.
55. Scholz J, Klein MC, Behrens TE, Johansen-Berg H. Training induces changes in white-matter architecture. Nat Neurosci 12: 1370-1371, 2009.
56. Selvanayagam VS, Riek S, Carroll TJ. Early neural responses to strength training. J Appl Physiol 111: 367-375, 2011.
57. Shaw C. Toward a Theory of Neuroplasticity. Philadelphia, PA: Psychology, 2001.
58. Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Landeau B, Papathanassiou D, Crivello F, Etard O, Delcroix N, Mazoyer B, Joliot M. Automated anatomical labeling of activations in SPM using a macroscopic anatomical parcellation of the MNI MRI single-subject brain. Neuroimage 15: 273-289, 2002.
59. Ullén F. Is activity regulation of late myelination a plastic mechanism in the human nervous system? Neuron Glia Biol 5: 29-34, 2009.
60. Xiong J, Ma L, Wang B, Narayana S, Duff EP, Egan GF, Fox PT. Long-term motor training induced changes in regional cerebral blood flow in both task and resting states. Neuroimage 45: 75-82, 2009.