Forecasting burden of long-term disability from neonatal conditions: Results from the Projahnmo i trial, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Health Policy and Planning

Volumn 28, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 435-452

  Shillcutt, Samuel D ^a   Lefevre, Amnesty E ^a   Lee, Anne C C ^a,b   Baqui, Abdullah H ^a   Black, Robert E ^a   Darmstadt, Gary L ^a,c  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c BILL AND MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION   (United States)

Author keywords

burden of illness; cost effectiveness; neonatal health; outcomes research; Summary measures; years lost to disability

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BANGLADESH; BURDEN OF ILLNESS; COMMUNITY CARE; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COST OF ILLNESS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; DECISION TREE; ECONOMICS; ENCEPHALITIS; FEMALE; FORECASTING; HANDICAPPED CHILD; HOME CARE; HUMAN; MALE; MENINGITIS; NEONATAL HEALTH; NEWBORN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PREMATURITY; SUMMARY MEASURES; TIME; YEARS LOST TO DISABILITY; COMPLICATION;

BURDEN OF ILLNESS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; NEONATAL HEALTH; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; SUMMARY MEASURES; YEARS LOST TO DISABILITY;

BANGLADESH; COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; COST OF ILLNESS; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; DECISION TREES; DISABLED CHILDREN; ENCEPHALITIS; FEMALE; FORECASTING; HOME CARE SERVICES; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; INFANT, PREMATURE; MALE; MENINGITIS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); TIME FACTORS;

EID: 84880360998     PISSN: 02681080     EISSN: 14602237     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czs075     Document Type: Article

References (135)

1. Adam T, Lim SS, Mehta S et al. 2005. Cost effectiveness analysis of strategies for maternal and neonatal health in developing countries. British Medical Journal 331:1107.
2. Ahmed SM, Hossain MA, Rajachowdhury AM, Bhuiya AU. 2011. The health workforce crisis in Bangladesh:shortage, inappropriate skill-mix and inequitable distribution. Human Resources for Health 9.
3. Airede AI. 1991a. Birth asphyxia and hypoxic-ischaemic encephalop-athy:incidence and severity. Annals of Tropical Paediatrics 11:331-5.
4. Airede KI. 1991b. Neonatal seizures and a 2-year neurological outcome. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 37:313-17.
5. Al Mamun AA, Padmadas SS, Khatun M. 2006. Maternal health during pregnancy and perinatal mortality in Bangladesh:evidence from a large-scale community-based clinical trial. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 20:482-90.
6. Anon. 2009. The global burden of preterm birth. The Lancet 371:75-84.
7. Arifeen SE, Black RE, Caulfield LE et al. 2000. Infant growth patterns in the slums of Dhaka in relation to birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, and prematurity. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 72:1010-17.
8. Azra Haider B, Bhutta ZA. 2006. Birth asphyxia in developing countries:current status and public health implications. Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care 36:178-88.
9. Bang AT, Bang RA, Stoll BJ et al. 2005a. Is home-based diagnosis and treatment of neonatal sepsis feasible and effective? Seven years of intervention in the Gadchiroli field trial (1996 to 2003). Journal of Perinatology 25:S62-S71.
10. Bang AT, Bang RA, Baitule SB, Reddy HM, Deshmukh MD. 2005b. Management of birth asphyxia in home deliveries in rural Gadchiroli:the effect of two types of birth attendants and of resuscitating with mouth-to-mouth, tube-mask or bag-mask. Journal of Perinatology 25:S82-S91.
11. Bang AT, Bang RA, Reddy HM, Deshmukh MD, Baitule SB. 2005c. Reduced incidence of neonatal morbidities:effect of home-based neonatal care in rural Gadchiroli, India. Journal of Perinatology 25:S51-S61.
12. Bang AT, Reddy HM, Bang RA, Deshmukh M. 2005d. Why do neonates die in rural Gadchiroli India? (Part II):estimating population attributable risks and contribution of multiple morbidities for identifying a strategy to prevent deaths. Journal of Perinatology 25:S35-S43.
13. Bang AT, Baitule SB, Reddy HM, Deshmukh MD, Bang RA. 2005e. Low birth weight and preterm neonates:can they be managed at home by mother and a trained village health worker? Journal of Perinatology 25:S72-S81.
14. Baqui A, El Arifeen S, Darmstadt G et al. 2008. Effect of community-based newborn-care intervention package implemented through two service-delivery strategies in Sylhet district, Bangladesh:a cluster-randomised controlled trial. The Lancet 371:1936-44.
15. Baqui AH, Arifeen SE, Williams EK et al. 2009a. Effectiveness of home-based management of newborn infections by community health workers in rural Bangladesh. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 28:304-10.
16. Baqui AH, Ahmed S, El Arifeen S et al. 2009b. Effect of timing of first postnatal care home visit on neonatal mortality in Bangladesh:an observational cohort study. British Medical Journal 339:b2826.
17. Baqui AH, Arifeen SE, Rosen HE et al. 2009c. Community based validation of assessment of newborn illnesses by trained community health workers in Sylhet district of Bangladesh. Tropical Medicine & International Health 14:1448-56.
18. Barendregt JJ, Bonneux L, Van Der Maas PJ. 1996. DALYs:the age-weights on balance. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 74:439-43.
19. Barros FC, Bhutta ZA, Batra M et al. 2010. Global report on preterm birth and stillbirth (3 of 7):evidence for effectiveness of interventions. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 10:S3.
20. Baumgardt M, Bucher HU, Mieth RA, Fauchère JC. 2012. Health related quality of life of former very preterm infants in adulthood. Acta Paediatrica 101:e59-63.
21. Beck S, Wojdyla D, Say L et al. 2010. The worldwide incidence of preterm birth:a WHO systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 88:31-38.
22. Black RE, Cousens S, Johnson H et al. 2010. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis. The Lancet 375:1969-87.
23. Blencowe H, Cousens S, Mullany LC et al. 2011. Clean birth and postnatal care practices to reduce neonatal deaths from sepsis and tetanus:a systematic review and Delphi estimation of mortality effect. BMC Public Health 11:S11.
24. Borghi J, Thapa B, Osrin D et al. 2005. Economic assessment of a women's group intervention to improve birth outcomes in rural Nepal. The Lancet 366:1882-4.
25. Boyle CA, Boulet S, Schieve LA et al. 2011. Trends in the prevalence of developmental disabilities in US children, 1997-2008. Pediatrics 127:1034-42.
26. CHERG. 2008. Child Health and Epidemiology Reference Group website. Geneva: World Health Organization. Online at: http://www.who.int/child- adolescent-health/data/cherg/en/index.html, accessed 16 December 2008.
27. Chyi LJ, Lee HC, Hintz SR, Gould JB, Sutcliffe TL. 2008. School outcomes of late preterm infants:special needs and challenges for infants born at 32 to 36 weeks gestation. Journal of Pediatrics 153:25-31.
28. CMH. 2001. Macroeconomics and Health:Investing in Health for Economic Development. Geneva: World Health Organization.
29. Coale AJ, Demeney P. 1983. Regional Model Life Tables and Stable Populations. New York:Academic Press.
30. Cooperstock M, Campbell J. 1996. Excess males in preterm birth:interactions with gestational age, race and multiple birth. Obstetrics & Gynecology 88:189-93.
31. D'Amore A, Broster S, Le Fort W, Curley A. 2011. Two-year outcomes from very low birthweight infants in a geographically defined population across 10 years, 1993-2002:comparing 1993-1997 with 1998-2002. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition 96:F178-F185.
32. Darmstadt GL, Baqui AH, Choi Y et al. 2011. Validation of clinical algorithm to identify neonates with severe illness during routine household visits in rural Bangladesh. Archives of Disease in Childhood 96:1140-6.
33. Darmstadt GL, Bhutta ZA, Cousens S et al. 2005. Evidence-based, cost-effective interventions:how many newborn babies can we save? The Lancet 365:977-88.
34. Darmstadt GL, Baqui AH, Choi Y et al. 2009a. Validation of community health workers' assessment of neonatal illness in rural Bangladesh. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 87:12-19.
35. Darmstadt GL, Lee ACC, Cousens S et al. 2009b. 60 million non-facility births:who can deliver in community settings to reduce intrapartum-related deaths? International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 107:S89-S112.
36. Darmstadt GL, Saha SK, Choi Y et al. 2009c. Population-based incidence and etiology of community-acquired neonatal bacteremia in Mirzapur, Bangladesh:an observational study. Journal of Infectious Diseases 200:906-15.
37. Dunn HG. 1986. Sequelae of Low Birth Weight:The Vancouver Study. Oxford:Blackwells Scientific Publications.
38. Durkin MS, Schneider H, Pathania VS et al. 2006. Learning and developmental disabilities. In:Jamison DT, Breman J, Measham A et al. (eds). Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries. 2nd edn. Washington, DC:The World Bank and Oxford University Press.
39. Edmond K, Clark A, Korczak VS et al. 2010. Global and regional risk of disabling sequelae from bacterial meningitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet 10:317-28.
40. Eppig C, Fincher CL, Thornhill R. 2010. Parasite prevalence and the worldwide distribution of cognitive ability. Proceedings. Biological Sciences 277:3801-8.
41. Fawzi WW, Msamanga G, Hunter D et al. 2000. Randomized trial of vitamin supplements in relation to vertical transmission of HIV-1 in Tanzania. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 23:246-45.
42. Furyk JS, Swann O, Molyneux E. 2011. Systematic review:neonatal meningitis in the developing world. Tropical Medicine & International Health 16:672-9.
43. Gäddlin PO, Finnström O, Sydsjö G, Leijon I. 2009. Most very low birth weight subjects do well as adults. Acta Paediatrica 98:1513
44. GBD. 2008. The global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors study:operations manual. Cambridge, MA:Harvard Initiative for Global Health, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington, Johns Hopkins University, University of Queensland, World Health Organization.
45. Ghana Health Assessment Project Team. 1981. A quantitative method of assessing the health impact of different diseases in less developed countries. International Journal of Epidemiology 10:73-80.
46. Goldenberg R, Culhane JF. 2007. Low birth weight in the United States. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 85:584S-90S.
47. Gordon AL, English M, Dzombo JT, Karisa M, Newton C. 2005. Neurological and developmental outcome of neonatal jaundice and sepsis in rural Kenya. Tropical Medicine & International Health 10:1114-20.
48. Gottlieb CA, Maenner MJ, Cappa C, Durkin MS. 2009. Child disability screening, nutrition, and early learning in 18 countries with low and middle incomes:data from the third round of UNICEF's Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (2005-06). The Lancet 374:1831-9.
49. Groce NE, Trani J-F. 2009. Millennium Development Goals and people with disabilities. The Lancet 374:1800-1.
50. Halloran DR, McClure E, Chakraborty H et al. 2009. Birth asphyxia survivors in a developing country. Journal of Perinatology 29:243-9.
51. Harrison M. 2010. Valuing the future:the social discount rate in cost-benefit analysis. Canberra:Australian Government Productivity Commission.
52. Hinderaker SG, Olsen BE, Bergsjø PB et al. 2003. Avoidable stillbirths and neonatal deaths in rural Tanzania. British Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 110:616-23.
53. Hodgson A, Smith T, Gagneux S et al. 2001. Survival and sequelae of meningococcal meningitis in Ghana. International Journal of Epidemiology 30:1440-6.
54. Hyder AA, Morrow RH. 2006. Measures of health and disease in populations. In:Merson MH, Black RE, Mills AJ (eds). International Public Health. 2nd edn. Sudbury, MA:Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
55. Huddy CL, Johnson A, Hope PL. 2001. Educational and behavioral problems in babies of 32-35 weeks gestation. Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal and Neonatal Edition 85:F23-F28
56. IMF. 2012. World Economic Outlook Database. International Monetary Fund website. Online at:http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/01/weodata/ index.aspx, accessed 17 June 2012.
57. Ingemarsson I. 2003. Gender aspects of preterm birth. British Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaaecology 110:34-8.
58. IOM. 2003. Improving Birth Outcomes:Meeting the Challenge in the Developing World. Washington, DC:The National Academies Press.
59. Jamison DT, Shahid-Salles SA, Jamison J, Lawn JE, Zupan J. 2006. Incorporating deaths near the time of birth into estimates of the Global Burden of Disease. In:Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJL (eds). Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors. New York:Oxford University Press.
60. Jang DH, Sung IY, Jeon JY et al. 2011. Neurodevelopmental outcomes in very low-birth-weight infants in Korea:1998-2007 vs 1989-1997. Journal of Child Neurology 26:1405-10.
61. Khan N, Durkin M. 1995. Framework:Prevalence. In:Zinkin P, McConachie H (eds). Disabled Children in Developing Countries:Clinics in Developmental Medicine. No. 136. London:MacKeith Press.
62. Khan NZ, Muslima H, Begum D et al. 2010. Validation of rapid neurodevelopmental assessment instrument for under-two-year-old children in Bangladesh. Pediatrics 125:e755-62.
63. Khan NZ, Muslima H, Parveen M et al. 2006. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants in Bangladesh. Pediatrics 118:280-9.
64. Khan NZ, Muslima H, Shilpi AB et al. 2012. Validation of a home-based neurodevelopmental screening tool for under 2-year-old children in Bangladesh. Child:Care, Health, and Development. Jun 8. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2012.01393. x.
65. Klingenberg C, Olomi R, Oneko M, Sam N, Langeland N. 2003. Neonatal morbidity and mortality in a Tanzanian tertiary care referral hospital. Annals of Tropical Paediatrics 23:293-9.
66. Kuti O, Owa JA. 2003. Gestational age-specific neonatal mortality among preterm singleton births in a Nigerian tertiary institution. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 80:319-20.
67. Lawn J, Shibuya K, Stein C. 2005. No cry at birth:global estimates of intrapartum stillbirths and intrapartum-related neonatal deaths. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 83:409-17.
68. Lawn JE, Gravett MG, Nunes TM, Rubens CE, Stanton C. 2010. GAPPS Review Group. 2010. Global report on preterm birth and stillbirth (1 of 7):definitions, description of the burden and opportunities to improve data. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 10(Suppl. 1):S1.
69. Lawn JE, Lee ACC, Kinney M et al. 2009. Two million intrapartum-related stillbirths and neonatal deaths:where, why, and what can be done? International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 107:S5-S19.
70. Lawn JE, Manandhar A, Haws RA, Darmstadt GL. 2007. Reducing one million child deaths from birth asphyxia:a survey of health systems gaps and priorities. Health Research Policy & Systems 5:4.
71. Lawn JE, Zupan J, Begkoyian G. 2006. Newborn survival. In:Jamison DT, Breman J, Measham A et al. (eds). Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries. 2nd edn. Washington, DC:The World Bank and Oxford University Press.
72. Lee ACC, Mullany LC, Tielsch JM et al. 2011a. Incidence and risk factors of neonatal respiratory depression and encephalopathy in rural Sarlahi, Nepal. Pediatrics 128:e915.
73. Lee ACC, Cousens S, Wall SN et al. 2011b. Neonatal resuscitation and immediate newborn assessment and stimulation for the prevention of neonatal deaths:a systematic review, meta-analysis and Delphi estimation of mortality effect. BMC Public Health 11:S12.
74. Lee AC, Cousens S, Darmstadt GL et al. 2011c. Care during labor and birth for the prevention of intrapartum-related neonatal deaths:a systematic review and Delphi estimation of mortality effect. BMC Public Health 11:S10.
75. Lee ACC, Mullany LC, Tielsch JM et al. 2008. Verbal autopsy methods to ascertain birth asphyxia deaths in a community-based setting in southern Nepal. Pediatrics 121:e1372.
76. Lefevre AE, Shillcutt SD, Saha SK et al. 2010. Cost-effectiveness of skin barrier enhancing emollients to prevent infection and death among preterm neonates in Bangladesh. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 88:104-12.
77. Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJL. 2006. Measuring the global burden of disease and risk factors, 1990-2001. In:Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJL (eds). Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors. Geneva:World Health Organization.
78. Manji K. 2009. Situation analysis of newborn health in Tanzania:current situation, existing plans, and strategic next steps for newborn health. Dar es Salaam:Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Save the Children.
79. Marlow N. 2004. Neurocognitive outcome after very preterm birth. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition 89:F224-8.
80. Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Sutton PD et al. 2003. Births:Final data for 2002. National Vital Statistics Reports:Centers for Disease Control 52:1-114.
81. Mathers CD, Bernard C, Iburg KM et al. 2004. Global burden of disease in 2002:data sources, methods, and results. Geneva:World Health Organization. Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy Discussion Paper No 54.
82. Mathers CD, Lopez AD, Murray CJL. 2006a. The burden of disease and mortality by condition:data, methods, and results for 2001. In:Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJL (eds). Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors. New York:World Bank.
83. Mathers CD, Salomon JA, Ezzati M et al. 2006b. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses for burden of disease and risk factor estimates. In:Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJL (eds). Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors. New York:World Bank.
84. Mathers CD, Vos ET, Stevenson CE, Begg SJ. 2001. The burden of disease and injury in Australia. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 79:1076-84.
85. Maulik PK, Darmstadt GL. 2007. Childhood disability in low-and middle-income countries:overview of screening, prevention, services, legislation, and epidemiology. Pediatrics 120(Suppl. 1):S1-55.
86. Maulik PK, Darmstadt GL. 2009. Community-based interventions to optimize early childhood development in low resource settings. Journal of Perinatology 29:531-42.
87. Mehta S, Manji KP, Young AM et al. 2008. Nutritional indicators of adverse pregnancy outcomes and mother-to-child transmission of HIV among HIV-infected women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 87:1639-49.
88. Menendez C, Ordi J, Ismail MR et al. 2000. The impact of placental malaria on gestational age and birth weight. Journal of Infectious Diseases 181:1740-5.
89. Moster D, Lie RT, Markestad T. 2008. Long-term medical and social consequences of preterm birth. New England Journal of Medicine 359:262.
90. Muhe L, Tilahun M, Lulseged S et al. 1999. Etiology of pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis in infants younger than three months of age in Ethiopia. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 18:S56-S61.
91. Murray CJL, Lopez AD. 1996. The global burden of disease:a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries, and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press.
92. Musgrove P, Fox-Rushby JA. 2006. Cost-effectiveness analysis for priority setting. In:Jamison D, Breman J, Measham A et al. (eds). Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries. 2nd edn. Washington, DC:The World Bank and Oxford University Press.
93. Nelson KB, Leviton A. 1991. How much of neonatal encephalopathy is due to birth asphyxia? American Journal of Diseases of Children 145:1325-31.
94. Ngassa C. 2000. Malaria parasitaemia and the risk of preterm labour:a re-evaluation of the evidence. African Journal of Reproductive Health 4:53-61.
95. NIPORT, Mitra & Associates, ORC Macro. 2005. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2004. Dhaka, Bangladesh and Calverton, Maryland (USA):National Istitute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra and Associates, and ORC Macro.
96. O'Brien KL, Wolfson LJ, Watt JP et al. 2009. Burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children younger than 5 years:global estimates. The Lancet 374:893-902.
97. Olusanya BO, Somefun AO. 2009. Sensorineural hearing loss in infants with neonatal jaundice in Lagos:a community-based study. Annals of Tropical Paediatrics 29:119-28.
98. Platt MJ, Cans C, Johnson A et al. 2007. Trends in cerebral palsy among infants of very low birthweight (Trends in cerebral palsy among infants of very low birthweight (<1500 g) or born prematurely (<32 weeks) in 16 European centres:a database study. The Lancet 369: 43-50.
99. Robberstad B. 2005. Estimation of private and social time preferences for health in northern Tanzania. Social Science & Medicine 61:1597-607.
100. Roberts G, Anderson PJ, De Luca C, Doyle LW. 2010. Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group. 2010. Changes in neurodevelopmental outcome at age eight in geographic cohorts of children born at 22-27 weeks' gestational age during the 1990s. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal & Neonatal Edition 95:F90-4.
101. Rosenberg RE, Ahmed AS, Ahmed S et al. 2009. Determining gestational age in a low-resource setting:validity of last menstrual period. Journal of Health, Population & Nutrition 27:332-38.
102. Saha SK, Khan NZ, Ahmed A et al. 2009. Neurodevelopmental sequelae in pneumococcal meningitis cases in Bangladesh:a comprehensive follow-up study. Clinical Infectious Diseases 48:S90-96.
103. Saigal S, Stoskopf B, Pinelli J et al. 2006. Self-perceived health-related quality of life of former extremely low birth weight infants at young adulthood. Pediatrics 118:1140-8.
104. Saigal S, Stoskopf BL, Feeny D et al. 1999. Differences in preferences for neonatal outcomes among health care professionals, parents, and adolescents. Journal of the American Medical Association 281:1991-7.
105. Saving Newborn Lives. 2001. The State of the World's Newborns: A Report from Saving Newborn Lives. Washington, DC:Save the Children.
106. Sendi PP, Clemen RT. 1999. Sensitivity analysis on a chance node with more than two branches. Medical Decision Making 19:499-502.
107. Shah R, Munos MK, Winch PJ et al. 2010. Community-based health workers achieve high coverage in neonatal intervention trials:a case study from Sylhet, Bangladesh. Journal of Health, Population & Nutrition 28:610-18.
108. ShibuyaK, Murray CJL. 1998a. Birth asphyxia. Chapter 11. In:Murray CJL, Lopez AD (eds). Health Dimensions of Sex and Reproduction. Geneva:World Health Organization and Harvard University Press.
109. Shibuya K, Murray CJL. 1998b. Low birth weight. Chapter 10. In:Murray CJL, Lopez AD (eds). Health Dimensions of Sex and Reproduction. Geneva:World Health Organization and Harvard University Press.
110. Stouthard MEA, Essink-Bot ML, Bonsel GJ. 2000. Disability weights for diseases:a modified protocol and results for a Western European region. European Journal of Public Health 10:24-30.
111. Stouthard MEA, Essink-Bot ML, Bonsel GJ et al. 1997. Disability Weights for Diseases in the Netherlands. Rotterdam:Erasmus University.
112. Tafari N. 1985. Epidemiology of birth asphyxia. In:Sterkey HG, Tafari N, Tunnell R (eds). Breathing and Warmth at Birth:Judging the Appropriateness of Technology. Stockholm:Swedish Agency for Research Cooperation with Developing Countries.
113. Tan-Torres Edejer T, Baltussen R, Adam T et al. (eds). 2003. WHO Guide to Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Geneva:World Health Organization.
114. Thaver D, Zaidi AKM. 2009. Burden of neonatal infections in developing countries. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 28:S3-S9.
115. UN. 2007. Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities (resolution 61/106). New York:United Nations.
116. UNICEF. 2009. Bangladesh [Online]. Geneva:United Nations Childrens Fund. Online at:http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/bangladesh-bangladesh-statistics. html, accessed 8 February 2011.
117. Van Haastert IC, Groenendaal F, Uiterwaal C et al. 2011. Decreasing incidence and severity of cerebral palsy in prematurely born children. Journal of Pediatrics 159:86-112.
118. Villar J, Shah A. 2004. WHO global data system on maternal and perinatal health study protocol. A multi-stage stratified sample survey of mode of delivery and maternal and perinatal outcomes. Geneva:World Health Organization.
119. Vohr BR, Wright LL, Poole WK, McDonald SA. 2005. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants <32 weeks' gestation between 1993 and 1998. Pediatrics 116:635.
120. Walker SP, Wachs TD, Gardner JM et al. 2007. Child development:risk factors for adverse outcomes in developing countries. The Lancet 369:145-57.
121. Wall SN, Lee ACC, Niermeyer S et al. 2009. Neonatal resuscitation in low-resource settings:what, who, and how to overcome challenges to scale up? International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 107:S47-S64.
122. Watt JP, Wolfson LJ, O'Brien KL et al. 2009. Burden of disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b in children younger than 5 years:global estimates. The Lancet 374:903-11.
123. Weber MW, Carlin JB, Gatchalian S, Al E. 2003. Predictors of neonatal sepsis in developing countries. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 22:711-17.
124. WHO. 2004. Low birth weight:country, regional, and global estimates. Geneva: World Health Organization.
125. WHO. 2005. World Health Report 2005:Making Every Mother and Child Count. Geneva: World Health Organization.
126. WHO. 2009. Health statistics and health information systems:National tools. Geneva: World Health Organization. Online at: http://www.who.int/ healthinfo/global-burden-disease/tools-national/en/index. html, accessed 7 May 2009.
127. WHO. 2010. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2010 study website. Geneva:World Health Organization. Online at:http://www.who.int/healthinfo/ global-burden-disease/GBD-2005-study/en/index. html, accessed 3 May 2010
128. WHO. 2011. World Report on Disability. Geneva:World Health Organization and the World Bank.
129. WHO Young Infants Study Group. 1999. Bacterial etiology of serious infections in young infants in developing countries:results of a multicenter study. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 18:S17-22
130. WHO. 2012. World Health Organization Choosing Interventions that are Cost-Effective website. Geneva:World Health Organization. Online at:http://www.who.int/choice/en/, accessed 20 Aug 2012.
131. Wilson-Costello D, Friedman H, Minich N et al. 2007. Improved neurodevelopmental outcomes for extremely low birth weight infants in 2000-2002. Pediatrics 119:37-45.
132. Winter S, Autry A, Boyle C, Yeargin-Allsopp M. 2002. Trends in the prevalence of cerebral palsy in a population-based study. Pediatrics 110:1220-25.
133. World Bank. 2012. World Development Indicators Data Query website. Washington, DC:World Bank. Online at:http://ddp-ext.worldbank.org/ext/DDPQQ/ member.do?method=getMembers&userid=1& queryId=135, accessed 9 September 2009.
134. Wu LA, Katz J, Mullany LC et al. 2011. The association of preterm birth and small birthweight for gestational age on childhood disability screening using the Ten Questions Plus tool in rural Sarlahi district, southern Nepal. Child:Care, Health, and Development 38:332-40.
135. Young Infants Clinical Signs Study Group. 2008. Clinical signs that predict severe illness in children under age 2 months:a multicentre study. The Lancet 371:135-42.