Embryogenesis of the Skin

Harper's Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology: Third Edition

Volumn 1, Issue , 2011, Pages 1-41

  Holbrook, Karen A ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Development, continuum of events modifying skin; Embryonic skin; Embryonic fetal transition 2 month age, landmark in skin development; Fetal skin development embryonic fetal transition, 2 months, first trimester at 3 months; Periderm, outermost, transient cellular layer of developing skin; Skin embryogenesis; Skin, in studying development ageing, and evaluation; Time scale of skin development schemes, skin development stages; Understanding stages, normal human skin development biomedical perspective; Unique morphological properties developing human skin

Indexed keywords

EID: 84880305656     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9781444345384.ch2     Document Type: Chapter

References (219)

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111. Foster CA, Holbrook KA. Ontogeny of Langerhans cells in human embryonic and fetal skin: cell densities and phenotypic expression relative to epidermal growth. Am J Anat 1989;84:157-64.
112. Foster CA, Holbrook KA, Farr AG. Ontogeny of Langerhans cells in human embryonic and fetal skin: expression of HLA-DR and OKT-6 determinants. J Invest Dermatol 1986;86:240-3.
113. Moll R, Moll I, Franke W. Identifi cation of Merkel cells in human skin by specifi c cytokeratin antibodies: changes in cell density and distri bution in fetal and adult plantar epidermis. Differentiation 1984;28:136-54.
114. Moll R, Moll I. Early development of human Merkel cells. Exp Dermatol 1992;1:180-4.
115. Kim D-G, Holbrook KA. The appearance, density and distribution of Merkel cells in human embryonic and fetal skin: their relation to sweat gland and hair follicle development. J Invest Dermatol 1995;104:411-16.
116. Narisawa Y, Hashimoto K, Nakamura Y et al. A high concentration of Merkel cells in the bulge prior to the attachment of the arrector pili muscle and the formation of the perifollicular nerve plexus in human fetal skin. Arch Dermatol Res 1993;285:261-8.
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118. Vos P, Stark F, Pittman RN. Merkel cells in vitro:production of nerve growth factor and selective interactions with sensory neurons. Dev Biol 1991;144:281-300.
119. Fine JD, Smith LT, Holbrook KA et al. The appearance of four basement membrane zone antigens in developing human fetal skin. J Invest Dermatol 1984;83:66-9.
120. Smith LT, Sakai LY, Burgeson RE et al. Ontogeny of structural components at the dermal-epidermal junction in human embryonic and fetal skin: the appearance of anchoring fi brils and type VII collagen. J Invest Dermatol 1988;90:480-5.
121. Hertle MD, Adams JC, Watt FM. Integrin expression during human epidermal development in vivo and in vitro. Development 1991;112:193-206.
122. Smith LT, Holbrook KA, Byers PH. Structure of the dermal matrix during development and in the adult. J Invest Dermatol 1982;79:93S-104S.
123. Smith LT, Holbrook KA, Madri JA. Collagens types I, III and V in human embryonic and fetal skin. Am J Anat 1986;175:507-22.
124. Smith LT, Holbrook KA. Embryogenesis of the dermis. Pediatr Dermatol 1986;3:271-80.
125. Holbrook KA, Bothwell MA, Schatteman G et al. Nerve growth factor receptor labelling defi nes developing nerve networks and stains follicle connective tissue cells in human embryonic and fetal skin. J Invest Dermatol 1988;90:609A.
126. Terenghi G, Sundaresan M, Moscoso G et al. Neuropeptides and a neuronal marker in cutaneous innervation during human foetal development. J Comp Neurol 1993;328:595-603.
127. Holbrook KA, Underwood RA, Dale BA et al. Formation of the cornifi ed cell envelope in human fetal skin: presence of involucrin, keratolinin, loricrin and transglutaminase correlated with the onset of transglutaminase activity. J Invest Dermatol 1991;96:542A.
128. Akiyama M, Smith LT, Yoneda K et al. Expression of transglutaminase 1 (TG1) and cornifi ed cell envelope (CCE) proteins during human epidermal development. J Invest Dermatol 1997;108:598 (Abstract).
129. Dale BA, Holbrook KA, Kimball JR et al. Expression of the epidermal keratins and fi laggrin during fetal human development. J Cell Biol 1985;101:1257-69.
130. Moll R, Moll I, Franke W. Identifi cation of Merkel cells in human skin by specifi c cytokeratin antibodies: changes in cell density and distribution in fetal and adult plantar epidermis. Differentiation 1984;28:136-54.
131. Kim D-G, Holbrook KA. The appearance, density and distribution of Merkel cells in human embryonic and fetal skin: their relation to sweat gland and hair follicle development. J Invest Dermatol 1995;104:411-16.
132. Foster CA, Holbrook KA. Ontogeny of Langerhans cells in human embryonic and fetal skin: cell densities and phenotypic expression relative to epidermal growth. Am J Anat 1989;84:157-64.
133. Lane AT, Helm HF, Goldsmith LA. Identifi cation of bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus, laminin and anchoring fi bril antigens in human fetal skin. J Invest Dermatol 1985;84:27-30.
134. Holbrook KA. Structure and function of the developing human skin. In: Goldsmith LA (ed.) Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Skin, 2nd edn. Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1991:63-110.
135. Holbrook KA. Structural and biochemical organogenesis of skin and cutaneous appendages in the fetus and neonate. In: Polin RA, Fox WW (eds) Neonatal and Fetal Medicine Physiology and Pathophysiology. New York:Grune &Stratton, 1992:527-51.
136. Holbrook KA, Wolff K. The structure and development of skin. In: Fitzpatrick TB, Eisen AZ, Wolff K et al. (eds) Dermatology in General Medicine, 6th edn. New York:McGraw-Hill, 1993:97-144.
137. Holbrook KA, Sybert VP. Basic science. In: Schachner L, Hansen R, eds. Pediatric Dermatology, 2nd edn. New York:Churchill Livingstone, 1995.
138. Holbrook KA. A histologic comparison of infant and adult skin. In: Boisits E, Maibach HI (eds) Neonatal Skin: Structure and Function. New York:Marcel Dekker, 1982:3-31.
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