메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 49, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 387-397

Insulin degludec: A long-acting modern insulin analogue with a predictable pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic profile

Author keywords

Diabetes type 1; Diabetes type 2; Insulin analogue; Insulin degludec; NN 1250

Indexed keywords

FATTY ACID DERIVATIVE; GLUCOSE; INSULIN ASPART; INSULIN ASPART PLUS INSULIN DEGLUDEC; INSULIN DEGLUDEC; INSULIN DETEMIR; INSULIN GLARGINE; LONG ACTING INSULIN; SHORT ACTING INSULIN;

EID: 84880009335     PISSN: 16993993     EISSN: 16994019     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1358/dot.2013.49.6.1976051     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (17)

References (52)
  • 2
    • 0032841674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin aspart (B28 Asp-insulin): A fast-acting analog of human insulin: Absorption kinetics and action profile compared with regular human insulin in healthy nondiabetic subjects
    • DOI 10.2337/diacare.22.9.1501
    • Mudaliar, S.R., Lindberg, F.A., Joyce, M., Beerdsen, P., Strange, P., Lin, A., Henry, R.R. Insulin aspart (B28 asp-insulin): a fast-acting analog of human insulin: absorption kinetics and action profile compared with regular human insulin in healthy nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes Care 1999, 22(9): 1501-6. (Pubitemid 29418246)
    • (1999) Diabetes Care , vol.22 , Issue.9 , pp. 1501-1506
    • Mudaliar, S.R.1    Lindberg, F.A.2    Joyce, M.3    Beerdsen, P.4    Strange, P.5    Lin, A.6    Henry, R.R.7
  • 3
    • 24144461899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics, prandial glucose control, and safety of insulin glulisine in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
    • DOI 10.2337/diacare.28.9.2100
    • Danne, T., Becker, R.H., Heise, T., Bittner, C., Frick, A.D., Rave, K. Pharmacokinetics, prandial glucose control, and safety of insulin glulisine in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2005, 28(9): 2100-5. (Pubitemid 41242451)
    • (2005) Diabetes Care , vol.28 , Issue.9 , pp. 2100-2105
    • Danne, T.1    Becker, R.H.A.2    Heise, T.3    Bittner, C.4    Frick, A.D.5    Rave, K.6
  • 4
    • 25444468590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin glulisine, a new rapid-acting insulin analogue, displays a rapid time-action profile in obese non-diabetic subjects
    • DOI 10.1055/s-2005-865806
    • Becker, R.H., Frick, A.D., Burger, F., Potgieter, J.H., Scholtz, H. Insulin glulisine, a new rapid-acting insulin analogue, displays a rapid time-action profile in obese non-diabetic subjects. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005, 113(8): 435-43. (Pubitemid 41360749)
    • (2005) Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes , vol.113 , Issue.8 , pp. 435-443
    • Becker, R.H.A.1    Frick, A.D.2    Burger, F.3    Potgieter, J.H.4    Scholtz, H.5
  • 7
    • 0000588546 scopus 로고
    • Crystalline amorphous insulin-zinc compounds with prolonged action
    • Hallas-Moller, K., Peterson, K., Schlitchkrull, J. Crystalline amorphous insulin-zinc compounds with prolonged action. Science 1952, 116(3105): 394-98.
    • (1952) Science , vol.116 , Issue.3105 , pp. 394-398
    • Hallas-Moller, K.1    Peterson, K.2    Schlitchkrull, J.3
  • 9
    • 0023225028 scopus 로고
    • Miscibility of human semisynthetic regular and lente insulin and human biosynthetic regular and NPH insulin
    • Olsson, P.O., Hans, A., Henning, V.S. Miscibility of human semisynthetic regular and lente insulin and human biosynthetic regular and NPH insulin. Diabetes Care 1987, 10(4): 473-7.
    • (1987) Diabetes Care , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 473-477
    • Olsson, P.O.1    Hans, A.2    Henning, V.S.3
  • 10
    • 0034609223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin glargine
    • Bolli, G.B., Owens, D.R. Insulin glargine. Lancet 2000, 356(9228): 443-5. (Pubitemid 30496809)
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.356 , Issue.9228 , pp. 443-445
    • Bolli, G.B.1    Owens, D.R.2
  • 11
    • 0034203532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 125I-labeled insulin glargine (HOE 901) in healthy men: Comparison with NPH insulin and the influence of different subcutaneous injection sites
    • Owens, D.R., Coates, P.A., Luzio, S.D., Tinbergen, J.P., Kurzhals, R. Pharmacokinetics of 125I-labeled insulin glargine (HOE 901) in healthy men: comparison with NPH insulin and the influence of different subcutaneous injection sites. Diabetes Care 2000, 23(6): 813-9. (Pubitemid 30414199)
    • (2000) Diabetes Care , vol.23 , Issue.6 , pp. 813-819
    • Owens, D.R.1    Coates, P.A.2    Luzio, S.D.3    Tinbergen, J.P.4    Kurzhals, R.5
  • 12
    • 0033661254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous injection of long-acting human insulin analog glargine, NPH insulin, and ultralente human insulin and continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin lispro
    • Lepore, M., Pampanelli, S., Fanelli, C. et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous injection of long-acting human insulin analog glargine, NPH insulin, and ultralente human insulin and continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin lispro. Diabetes 2000, 49(12): 2142-8.
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , Issue.12 , pp. 2142-2148
    • Lepore, M.1    Pampanelli, S.2    Fanelli, C.3
  • 13
    • 26244459804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic and glucodynamic variability: Assessment of insulin glargine, NPH insulin and insulin ultralente in healthy volunteers using a euglycaemic clamp technique
    • DOI 10.1007/s00125-005-1916-y
    • Scholtz, H.E., Pretorius, S.G., Wessels, D.H., Becker, R.H. Pharmacokinetic and glucodynamic variability: assessment of insulin glargine, NPH insulin and insulin ultralente in healthy volunteers using a euglycaemic clamp technique. Diabetologia 2005, 48(10): 1988-95. (Pubitemid 41416907)
    • (2005) Diabetologia , vol.48 , Issue.10 , pp. 1988-1995
    • Scholtz, H.E.1    Pretorius, S.G.2    Wessels, D.H.3    Becker, R.H.A.4
  • 14
    • 24744442762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glargine is superior to neutral protamine Hagedorn for improving glycated haemoglobin and fasting blood glucose levels during intensive insulin therapy
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2005.00902.x
    • Fulcher, G.R., Gilbert, R.E., Yue, D.K. Glargine is superior to neutral protamine Hagedorn for improving glycated haemoglobin and fasting blood glucose levels during intensive insulin therapy. Intern Med J 2005, 35(9): 536-42. (Pubitemid 41291382)
    • (2005) Internal Medicine Journal , vol.35 , Issue.9 , pp. 536-542
    • Fulcher, G.R.1    Gilbert, R.E.2    Yue, D.K.3
  • 15
    • 34249869514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia in children, adolescents and young adults with unstable type 1 diabetes mellitus treated with insulin glargine or intermediate-acting insulin
    • Herwig, J., Scholl-Schilling, G., Bohles, H. Glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia in children, adolescents and young adults with unstable type 1 diabetes mellitus treated with insulin glargine or intermediate-acting insulin. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2007, 20(4): 517-25. (Pubitemid 46865032)
    • (2007) Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 517-525
    • Herwig, J.1    Scholl-Schilling, G.2    Bohles, H.3
  • 16
    • 0038248890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive replacement of basal insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes given rapid-acting insulin analog at mealtime: A 3-month comparison between administration of NPH insulin four times daily and glargine insulin at dinner or bedtime
    • DOI 10.2337/diacare.26.5.1490
    • Rossetti, P., Pampanelli, S., Fanelli, C. et al. Intensive replacement of basal insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes given rapid-acting insulin analog at mealtime: a 3-month comparison between administration of NPH insulin four times daily and glargine insulin at dinner or bedtime. Diabetes Care 2003, 26(5): 1490-6. (Pubitemid 36929184)
    • (2003) Diabetes Care , vol.26 , Issue.5 , pp. 1490-1496
    • Rossetti, P.1    Pampanelli, S.2    Fanelli, C.3    Porcellati, F.4    Costa, E.5    Torlone, E.6    Scionti, L.7    Bolli, G.B.8
  • 17
    • 0034827469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: 28-Week comparison of insulin glargine (HOE 901) and NPH insulin
    • Rosenstock, J., Schwartz, S.L., Clark, C.M., Jr., Park, G.D., Donley, D.W., Edwards, M.B. Basal insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes: 28-week comparison of insulin glargine (HOE 901) and NPH insulin. Diabetes Care 2001, 24(4): 631-6. (Pubitemid 32888839)
    • (2001) Diabetes Care , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 631-636
    • Rosenstock, J.1    Schwartz, S.L.2    Clark Jr., C.M.3    Park, G.D.4    Donley, D.W.5    Edwards, M.B.6
  • 18
    • 15944382350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced hypoglycemia risk with insulin glargine: A meta-analysis comparing insulin glargine with human NPH insulin in type 2 diabetes
    • DOI 10.2337/diacare.28.4.950
    • Rosenstock, J., Dailey, G., Massi-Benedetti, M., Fritsche, A., Lin, Z., Salzman, A. Reduced hypoglycemia risk with insulin glargine: a meta-analysis comparing insulin glargine with human NPH insulin in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2005, 28(4): 950-5. (Pubitemid 40434505)
    • (2005) Diabetes Care , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 950-955
    • Rosenstock, J.1    Dailey, G.2    Massi-Benedetti, M.3    Fritsche, A.4    Lin, Z.5    Salzman, A.6
  • 19
    • 4344701890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of protraction of insulin detemir, a long-acting, acylated analog of human insulin
    • DOI 10.1023/B:PHAM.0000036926.54824.37
    • Havelund, S., Plum, A., Ribel, U., Jonassen, I., Volund, A., Markussen, J., Kurtzhals, P. The mechanism of protraction of insulin detemir, a long-acting, acylated analog of human insulin. Pharm Res 2004, 21(8): 1498-504. (Pubitemid 39149667)
    • (2004) Pharmaceutical Research , vol.21 , Issue.8 , pp. 1498-1504
    • Havelund, S.1    Plum, A.2    Ribel, U.3    Jonassen, I.4    Volund, A.5    Markussen, J.6    Kurtzhals, P.7
  • 20
  • 21
    • 35148873099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of pharmacokinetics and dynamics of the long-acting insulin analogs glargine and detemir at steady state in type 1 diabetes: A double-blind, randomized, crossover study
    • DOI 10.2337/dc07-0002
    • Porcellati, F., Rossetti, P., Busciantella, N.R. et al. Comparison of pharmacokinetics and dynamics of the long-acting insulin analogs glargine and detemir at steady state in type 1 diabetes: a double-blind, randomized, crossover study. Diabetes Care 2007, 30(10): 2447-52. (Pubitemid 47547770)
    • (2007) Diabetes Care , vol.30 , Issue.10 , pp. 2447-2452
    • Porcellati, F.1    Rossetti, P.2    Busciantella, N.R.3    Marzotti, S.4    Lucidi, P.5    Luzio, S.6    Owens, D.R.7    Bolli, G.B.8    Fanelli, C.G.9
  • 22
    • 33748555885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin detemir lowers the risk of hypoglycaemia and provides more consistent plasma glucose levels compared with NPH insulin in Type 1 diabetes
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01862.x
    • Kolendorf, K., Ross, G.P., Pavlic-Renar, I. et al. Insulin detemir lowers the risk of hypoglycaemia and provides more consistent plasma glucose levels compared with NPH insulin in Type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med 2006, 23(7): 729-35. (Pubitemid 44366070)
    • (2006) Diabetic Medicine , vol.23 , Issue.7 , pp. 729-735
    • Kolendorf, K.1    Ross, G.P.2    Pavlic-Renar, I.3    Perriello, G.4    Philotheou, A.5    Jendle, J.6    Gall, M.-A.7    Heller, S.R.8
  • 23
    • 33746910579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time-action profile of insulin detemir and NPH insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes from different ethnic groups
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00643.x
    • Hompesch, M., Troupin, B., Heise, T., Elbroend, B., Endahl, L., Haahr, H., Heinemann, L. Time-action profile of insulin detemir and NPH insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes from different ethnic groups. Diabetes Obes Metab 2006, 8(5): 568-73. (Pubitemid 44184251)
    • (2006) Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 568-573
    • Hompesch, M.1    Troupin, B.2    Heise, T.3    Elbroend, B.4    Endahl, L.5    Haahr, H.6    Heinemann, L.7
  • 24
    • 84864460325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design of the novel protraction mechanism of insulin degludec, an ultra-long-acting basal insulin
    • Jonassen, I., Havelund, S., Hoeg-Jensen, T., Steensgaard, D.B., Wahlund, P.O., Ribel, U. Design of the novel protraction mechanism of insulin degludec, an ultra-long-acting basal insulin. Pharm Res 2012, 29(8): 2104-14.
    • (2012) Pharm Res , vol.29 , Issue.8 , pp. 2104-2114
    • Jonassen, I.1    Havelund, S.2    Hoeg-Jensen, T.3    Steensgaard, D.B.4    Wahlund, P.O.5    Ribel, U.6
  • 25
    • 84872522953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ligand-controlled assembly of hexamers, dihexamers, and linear multihexamer structures by the engineered acylated insulin degludec
    • Steensgaard, D.B., Schluckebier, G., Strauss, H.M. et al. Ligand-controlled assembly of hexamers, dihexamers, and linear multihexamer structures by the engineered acylated insulin degludec. Biochemistry 2013, 52(2): 295-309.
    • (2013) Biochemistry , vol.52 , Issue.2 , pp. 295-309
    • Steensgaard, D.B.1    Schluckebier, G.2    Strauss, H.M.3
  • 26
    • 79952484368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin degludec is a new generation ultra-long acting basal insulin with a unique mechanism of protraction based on multi-hexamer formation
    • [70th Annu Meet Sci Sess Am Diabetes Assoc (ADA) (June 25-29, Orlando) 2010] Abst 39-OR
    • Jonassen, I.B., Havelund, S., Ribel, U., et al. Insulin degludec is a new generation ultra-long acting basal insulin with a unique mechanism of protraction based on multi-hexamer formation. Diabetes [70th Annu Meet Sci Sess Am Diabetes Assoc (ADA) (June 25-29, Orlando) 2010] 2010, 59(Suppl. 1): Abst 39-OR.
    • (2010) Diabetes , vol.59 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Jonassen, I.B.1    Havelund, S.2    Ribel, U.3
  • 28
    • 84872310771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacokinetic properties of insulin degludec in children and adolescents compared with adults with type 1 diabetes after single-dose administration
    • 37th Ann Meet Int Soc Pediatric Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) (Oct 19-22, Miami Beach) 2011
    • Danne, T., Biester, T., Blaesig, S., et al. The pharmacokinetic properties of insulin degludec in children and adolescents compared with adults with type 1 diabetes after single-dose administration. Pediatric Diabetes [37th Ann Meet Int Soc Pediatric Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) (Oct 19-22, Miami Beach) 2011] 2011, 12(Suppl. 15): 35-6.
    • (2011) Pediatric Diabetes , vol.12 , Issue.SUPPL. 15 , pp. 35-36
    • Danne, T.1    Biester, T.2    Blaesig, S.3
  • 29
    • 79956118439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin degludec: Less pharmacodynamic variability than insulin glargine under steady state conditions
    • [46th Annu Meet Eur Assoc Study Diabetes (EASD) (Sept 20-24, Stockholm) 2010] Abst 971
    • Heise, T., Hermanski, L., Nosek, L., Feldmann, A., Rasmussen, S., Stryhn, T.K., Haahr, H. Insulin degludec: Less pharmacodynamic variability than insulin glargine under steady state conditions. Diabetologia [46th Annu Meet Eur Assoc Study Diabetes (EASD) (Sept 20-24, Stockholm) 2010] 2010, 53(Suppl. 1): Abst 971.
    • (2010) Diabetologia , vol.53 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Heise, T.1    Hermanski, L.2    Nosek, L.3    Feldmann, A.4    Rasmussen, S.5    Stryhn, T.K.6    Haahr, H.7
  • 31
    • 79956152438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultra-long acting insulin degludec can be combined with rapid-acting insulin aspart in a soluble co-formulation
    • Jonassen, I., Hoeg-Jensen, T., Havelund, S., Ribel, U. Ultra-long acting insulin degludec can be combined with rapid-acting insulin aspart in a soluble co-formulation. J Pept Sci 2010, 16(Suppl. 1): 32.
    • (2010) J Pept Sci , vol.16 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 32
    • Jonassen, I.1    Hoeg-Jensen, T.2    Havelund, S.3    Ribel, U.4
  • 32
    • 84880013198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IDegAsp, a soluble insulin combination of ultra-long-acting insulin degludec and insulin aspart, in type 2 diabetes: Comparison with biphasic insulin aspart 30
    • Abst 1040
    • Vaag, A., Leiter, L.A., Franek, E., et al. IDegAsp, a soluble insulin combination of ultra-long-acting insulin degludec and insulin aspart, in type 2 diabetes: Comparison with biphasic insulin aspart 30. 47th Annu Meet Eur Assoc Study Diabetes (EASD) (Sept 12-16, Lisbon) 2011, Abst 1040.
    • 47th Annu Meet Eur Assoc Study Diabetes (EASD) (Sept 12-16, Lisbon) 2011
    • Vaag, A.1    Leiter, L.A.2    Franek, E.3
  • 33
    • 84864375931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin degludec: Four times lower pharmacodynamic variability than insulin glargine under steady-state conditions in type 1 diabetes
    • Heise, T., Hermanski, L., Nosek, L., Feldman, A., Rasmussen, S., Haahr, H. Insulin degludec: four times lower pharmacodynamic variability than insulin glargine under steady-state conditions in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2012, 14(9): 859-64.
    • (2012) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.14 , Issue.9 , pp. 859-864
    • Heise, T.1    Hermanski, L.2    Nosek, L.3    Feldman, A.4    Rasmussen, S.5    Haahr, H.6
  • 34
    • 79952488537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin degludec, an ultra-long-acting basal insulin, once a day or three times a week versus insulin glargine once a day in patients with type 2 diabetes: A 16-week, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial
    • Zinman, B., Fulcher, G., Rao, P.V. et al. Insulin degludec, an ultra-long-acting basal insulin, once a day or three times a week versus insulin glargine once a day in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 16-week, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet 2011, 377(9769): 924-31.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , Issue.9769 , pp. 924-931
    • Zinman, B.1    Fulcher, G.2    Rao, P.V.3
  • 38
    • 84869842163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin degludec versus insulin glargine in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes: A 1-year, randomized, treat-to-target trial (BEGIN Once Long)
    • Zinman, B., Philis-Tsimikas, A., Cariou, B. et al. Insulin degludec versus insulin glargine in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes: a 1-year, randomized, treat-to-target trial (BEGIN Once Long). Diabetes Care 2012, 35(12): 2464-71.
    • (2012) Diabetes Care , vol.35 , Issue.12 , pp. 2464-2471
    • Zinman, B.1    Philis-Tsimikas, A.2    Cariou, B.3
  • 39
    • 84859921058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin degludec, an ultra-longacting basal insulin, versus insulin glargine in basal-bolus treatment with mealtime insulin aspart in type 2 diabetes (BEGIN Basal-Bolus Type 2): A phase 3, randomised, open-label, treat-to-target non-inferiority trial
    • Garber, A.J., King, A.B., Del Prato, S. et al. Insulin degludec, an ultra-longacting basal insulin, versus insulin glargine in basal-bolus treatment with mealtime insulin aspart in type 2 diabetes (BEGIN Basal-Bolus Type 2): a phase 3, randomised, open-label, treat-to-target non-inferiority trial. Lancet 2012, 379(9825): 1498-507.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.379 , Issue.9825 , pp. 1498-1507
    • Garber, A.J.1    King, A.B.2    Del Prato, S.3
  • 40
    • 84859896417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin degludec, an ultra-longacting basal insulin, versus insulin glargine in basalbolus treatment with mealtime insulin aspart in type 1 diabetes (BEGIN Basal-Bolus Type 1): A phase 3, randomised, open-label, treat-to-target non-inferiority trial
    • Heller, S., Buse, J., Fisher, M. et al. Insulin degludec, an ultra-longacting basal insulin, versus insulin glargine in basalbolus treatment with mealtime insulin aspart in type 1 diabetes (BEGIN Basal-Bolus Type 1): a phase 3, randomised, open-label, treat-to-target non-inferiority trial. Lancet 2012, 379(9825): 1489-97.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.379 , Issue.9825 , pp. 1489-1497
    • Heller, S.1    Buse, J.2    Fisher, M.3
  • 41
    • 84874858316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of insulin degludec in a flexible dosing regimen vs insulin glargine in patients with type 1 diabetes (BEGIN: Flex T1): A 26-week randomized, treat-to-target trial with a 26-week extension
    • Mathieu, C., Hollander, P., Miranda-Palma, B. et al. Efficacy and safety of insulin degludec in a flexible dosing regimen vs insulin glargine in patients with type 1 diabetes (BEGIN: Flex T1): a 26-week randomized, treat-to-target trial with a 26-week extension. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013, 98(3): 1154-62.
    • (2013) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.98 , Issue.3 , pp. 1154-1162
    • Mathieu, C.1    Hollander, P.2    Miranda-Palma, B.3
  • 42
    • 84875444482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy and safety of insulin degludec given in variable once-daily dosing intervals compared with insulin glargine and insulin degludec dosed at the same time daily: A 26-week, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, treat-to-target trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes
    • Meneghini, L., Atkin, S.L., Gough, S.C. et al. The efficacy and safety of insulin degludec given in variable once-daily dosing intervals compared with insulin glargine and insulin degludec dosed at the same time daily: a 26-week, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, treat-to-target trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2013, 36(4): 858-64.
    • (2013) Diabetes Care , vol.36 , Issue.4 , pp. 858-864
    • Meneghini, L.1    Atkin, S.L.2    Gough, S.C.3
  • 43
    • 84871937855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoglycaemia risk with insulin degludec compared with insulin glargine in type 2 and type 1 diabetes: A pre-planned meta-analysis of phase 3 trials
    • Ratner, R.E., Gough, S.C., Mathieu, C. et al. Hypoglycaemia risk with insulin degludec compared with insulin glargine in type 2 and type 1 diabetes: a pre-planned meta-analysis of phase 3 trials. Diabetes Obes Metab 2013, 15(2): 175-84.
    • (2013) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 175-184
    • Ratner, R.E.1    Gough, S.C.2    Mathieu, C.3
  • 44
    • 84868133240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin degludec/insulin aspart administered once daily at any meal, with insulin aspart at other meals versus a standard basal-bolus regimen in patients with type 1 diabetes: A 26-week, phase 3, randomized, open-label, treat-to-target trial
    • Hirsch, I.B., Bode, B., Courreges, J.P. et al. Insulin degludec/insulin aspart administered once daily at any meal, with insulin aspart at other meals versus a standard basal-bolus regimen in patients with type 1 diabetes: a 26-week, phase 3, randomized, open-label, treat-to-target trial. Diabetes Care 2012, 35(11): 2174-81.
    • (2012) Diabetes Care , vol.35 , Issue.11 , pp. 2174-2181
    • Hirsch, I.B.1    Bode, B.2    Courreges, J.P.3
  • 45
    • 74949117631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between symptomatic, severe hypoglycaemia and mortality in type 2 diabetes: Retrospective epidemiological analysis of the ACCORD study
    • Bonds, D.E., Miller, M.E., Bergenstal, R.M. et al. The association between symptomatic, severe hypoglycaemia and mortality in type 2 diabetes: retrospective epidemiological analysis of the ACCORD study. BMJ 2010, 340: b4909.
    • (2010) BMJ , vol.340
    • Bonds, D.E.1    Miller, M.E.2    Bergenstal, R.M.3
  • 46
    • 82755165018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes: Systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomised clinical trials
    • Hemmingsen, B., Lund, S.S., Gluud, C., Vaag, A., Almdal, T., Hemmingsen, C., Wetterslev, J. Intensive glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes: systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomised clinical trials. BMJ 2011, 343: d6898.
    • (2011) BMJ , vol.343
    • Hemmingsen, B.1    Lund, S.S.2    Gluud, C.3    Vaag, A.4    Almdal, T.5    Hemmingsen, C.6    Wetterslev, J.7
  • 47
    • 70349881450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive glucose control and macrovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes
    • Turnbull, F.M., Abraira, C., Anderson, R.J. et al. Intensive glucose control and macrovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2009, 52(11): 2288-98.
    • (2009) Diabetologia , vol.52 , Issue.11 , pp. 2288-2298
    • Turnbull, F.M.1    Abraira, C.2    Anderson, R.J.3
  • 50
    • 84874126220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The path to approval of new drugs for diabetes
    • Rendell, M. The path to approval of new drugs for diabetes. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2013, 12(2): 195-207.
    • (2013) Expert Opin Drug Saf , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 195-207
    • Rendell, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.