Structure and shortening of the Kangra and Dehra Dun reentrants, Sub-Himalaya, India

Bulletin of the Geological Society of America

Volumn 110, Issue 8, 1998, Pages 1010-1027

  Powers, Peter M ^a   Lillie, Robert J ^a   Yeats, Robert S ^a  

^a OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRYSTALLINE ROCKS; FAULTING; LITHOLOGY; OIL WELLS; SEISMIC WAVES; SEISMOLOGY;

BALANCED CROSS SECTIONS; FAULT-PROPAGATION FOLDS; INDO-GANGETIC PLAINS; MAIN BOUNDARY THRUSTS; METASEDIMENTARY ROCKS; SEISMIC REFLECTION DATA; SEISMIC REFLECTIONS; STRUCTURAL STYLES;

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY;

SEISMIC REFLECTION; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY;

INDIA;

EID: 84879880349     PISSN: 00167606     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<1010:SASOTK>2.3.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Avouac, J. P., and Tapponnier, P., 1993, Kinematic model of active deformation in central Asia: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 20, p. 895-898.
2. Baker, D. M., 1987, Balanced structural cross section of the central Salt Range and Potwar Plateau of Pakistan: Shortening and overthrust deformation associated with a salt decollement [Master's thesis]: Corvallis, Oregon State University, 120 p.
3. Baker, D. M., Lillie, R. J., Yeats, R. S., Johnson, G. D., Yousuf, M., and Zamin, A. S. H., 1988, Development of the Himalayan frontal thrust zone: Salt Range, Pakistan: Geology, v. 16, p. 3-7.
4. Biswas, S. K., 1994, Status of exploration for hydrocarbons in Siwalik Basin of India and future trends: Himalayan Geology, v. 15, p. 283-300.
5. Burbank, D. W., and Raynolds, R. G. H., 1988, Stratigraphic keys to the timing of deformation: An example from the northwestern Himalayan foredeep, in Paola, C., and Kleinspehn, K., eds., New perspectives in basin analysis: New York, Springer-Verlag, p. 331-351.
6. Bürgmann, R., Freymueller, J., Larson, K. M., Paul, J., Bilham, R. and Gaur, V., 1996, Geodetic measurements of Indian Plate motion and convergence across the Himalaya: Himalaya, Karakoram, Tibet Workshop, 11th, Flagstaff, Arizona, Abstracts, p. 26-27.
7. Cande, S. C., and Kent, D. V., 1992, A new geomagnetic polarity time scale for the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 97, p. 13917-13951.
8. Davis, D. M., and Lillie, R. J., 1994, Changing mechanical response during continental collision: Active examples from the foreland thrust belts of Pakistan: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 16, p. 21-34.
9. Davis, D. M., Suppe, J., and Dahlen, F. A., 1983, Mechanics of fold-and-thrust belts and accretionary wedges. Cohesive Coulomb theory: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 88, p. 1153-1172.
10. DeMets, C., Gordon, R. G., Argus, D. F., and Stein, S., 1990, Current plate motions: Geophysical Journal International, v. 101, p. 425-478.
11. Duroy, Y., Farah, A., and Lillie, R. J., 1989, Subsurface densities and lithospheric flexure of the Himalayan foreland in Pakistan, in Malinconico, L. L., Jr., and Lillie, R. J., eds., Tectonics of the western Himalayas: Geological Society of America Special Paper 232, p. 217-236.
12. Gahalaut, V. K., and Chander, R., 1991, On the active tectonics of the Dehra Dun region from observations of ground elevation changes: Geological Society of India Journal, v. 39, p. 61-68.
13. Gansser, A., 1964, Geology of the Himalayas: New York, Wiley Interscience, 289 p.
14. Jackson, M., and Bilham, R., 1994, Constraints on Himalayan deformation inferred from vertical velocity fields in Nepal and Tibet: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 99, p. 13897-13912.
15. Jaswal, T., Lillie, R., and Lawrence, R., 1997, Structure of the northern Potwar deformed zone, Pakistan: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin v. 81, p. 308-328.
16. Jaumé, S. C., and Lillie, R. J., 1988, Mechanics of the Salt Range-Potwar Plateau, Pakistan: A fold and thrust belt underlain by evaporites: Tectonics, v. 7, p. 57-71.
17. Johnson, G. D., Johnson, N. M., Opdyke, N. D., and Tahirkheli, R. A. K., 1979, Magnetic reversal stratigraphy and sedimentary tectonic history of the upper Siwalik Group, eastern Salt Range and southwestern Kashmir, in Farah, A., and DeJong, K. A., eds., Geodynamics of Pakistan: Quetta, Geological Survey of Pakistan, p. 149-165.
18. Johnson, G. D., Opdyke, N. D., Tandon, S. K., and Nanda, A. C., 1983, The magnetic polarity stratigraphy of the Siwalik Group at Haritalyangar (India) and a new last appearance datum for Ramapithecus and Sivapithecus in Asia: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 44, p. 223-249.
19. Johnson, G. D., Raynolds, R. G., and Burbank, D. W., 1986, Late Cenozoic tectonics and sedimentation in the northwestern Himalayan foredeep: I. Thrust ramping and associated deformation in the Potwar region, in Allen, P., and Homewood, P., eds., Foreland basins: International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication 8, p. 273-291.
20. Karunakaran, C., and Ranga Rao, A., 1976, Status of exploration for hydrocarbons in the Himalayan region - Contributions to stratigraphy and structure: New Delhi, Himalayan Geology Seminar, p. 1-72.
21. Leathers, M. R., 1987, Balanced structural cross section of the western Salt Range and Potwar Plateau, Pakistan: Deformation near the strike-slip terminus of an overthrust sheet [Master's thesis]: Corvallis, Oregon State University, 228 p.
22. Lillie, R. J., Johnson, G. D., Yousuf, M., Zamin, A. S. H., and Yeats, R. S., 1987, Structural development within the Himalayan foreland fold-and-thrust belt of Pakistan, in Beaumont, C., and Tankard, A. J., eds., Sedimentary basins and basin-forming mechanisms: Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 12, p. 379-392.
23. Lyon-Caen, H., and Molnar, P., 1985, Gravity anomalies, flexure of the Indian plate, and the structure, support, and evolution of the Himalaya and Ganga Basin: Tectonics, v. 4, p. 513-538.
24. McDougall, J. W., and Hussain, A., 1991, Fold and thrust propagation in the western Himalaya based on a balanced cross section of the Surghar Range and Kohat Plateau, Pakistan: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 75, p. 463-478.
25. Meigs, A. J., Burbank, D. W., and Beck, R. A., 1995, Middle-late Miocene (>10 Ma) formation of the Main Boundary thrust in the western Himalaya: Geology, v. 23, p. 423-426.
26. Middlemiss, C. S., 1910, The Kangra earthquake of 4th April, 1905: Geological Survey of India Memoirs, v. 38, 409 p.
27. Minster, B. J., and Jordan, T. H., 1978, Present-day plate motions: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 83, p. 5331-5354.
28. Molnar, P., 1984, Structure and tectonics of the Himalaya: Constraints and implications of geophysical data: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 12, p. 489-518.
29. Molnar, P., 1987, Distribution of intensity associated with the 1905 Kangra earthquake and bounds on the extent of the rupture zone: Geological Society of India Journal, v. 29, p. 221-229.
30. Molnar, P., 1990, A review of the rates of active underthrusting and deformation at the Himalaya: Journal of Himalayan Geology, v. 1, p. 131-154.
31. Najman, Y., Clift, P., Johnson, M. W. R., and Robertson, A. H. F., 1993, Early stages of foreland basin evolution in the Lesser Himalaya, N India, in Treloar, P. J., and Searle, M. P., eds., Himalayan tectonics: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 74, p. 541-558.
32. Nakata, T., 1989, Active faults of the Himalaya of India and Nepal, in Malinconico, L. L., Jr., and Lillie, R. J., eds., Tectonics of the western Himalayas: Geological Society of America Special Paper 232, p. 243-264.
33. Nakata, T., Otsuki, K., and Khan, S. H., 1990, Active faults, stress field, and plate motion along the Indo-Eurasian plate boundary: Tectonophysics, v. 181, p. 83-95.
34. Ni, J., and Barazangi, M., 1984, Seismotectonics of the Himalayan collision zone: Geometry of the underthrusting Indian plate beneath the Himalaya: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 89, p. 1147-1163.
35. Nossin, J. J., 1971, Outline of the geomorphology of the Doon Valley, northern U. P., India: Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, v. 12, p. 18-50.
36. Pennock, E. S., Lillie, R. J., Zamin, A. S. H., and Yousuf, M., 1989, Structural interpretation of seismic reflection data from eastern Salt Range and Potwar Plateau: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 73, p. 841-857.
37. Powers, P. M., 1996, Structure and shortening of the Kangra and Dehra Dun reentrants, Sub-Himalaya, India [Master's thesis]: Corvallis, Oregon State University, 66 p.
38. Raiverman, V., Kunte, S. V., and Mukherjea, A., 1983, Basin geometry, Cenozoic sedimentation, and hydrocarbon prospects in northwestern Himalaya and Indo-Gangetic plains: Petroleum Asia Journal, v. 6, p. 67-92.
39. Raiverman, V., Srivastava, A. K., and Prasad, D. N., 1993, On the foothill thrust of northwestern Himalaya: Journal of Himalayan Geology, v. 4, p. 237-256.
40. Raiverman, V., Chugh, M. L., Srivastava, A. K., Prasad, D. N., and Das, S. K., 1994a, Cenozoic tectonics of the fold belt of Himalaya and Indo-Gangetic foredeep with pointers toward hydrocarbon prospects, in Proceedings, Second Seminar on Petroliferous Basins of India, Volume 3: Dehra Dun, Indian Petroleum Publishers, p. 25-54.
41. Raiverman, V., Srivastava, A. K., and Prasad, D. N., 1994b, Structural style in northwestern Himalayan foothills: Himalayan Geology, v. 15, p. 263-280.
42. Ranga Rao, A., 1989, Neogene-Quaternary boundary in the Siwalik of northwest Himalayan foothills, India: Geological Society of India Journal, v. 33, p. 95-103.
43. Ranga Rao, A., Agarwal, R. P., Sharma, U. N., Bhalla, M. S., and Nanda, A. C., 1988, Magnetic polarity stratigraphy and vertebrate paleontology of the upper Siwalik subgroup of Jammu Hills, India: Geological Society of India Journal, v. 31, p. 361-385.
44. Rao, D. P., 1986, An approach to the quantitative estimates of rales of recent movements: The Sub-Himalayan example: Royal Society of New Zealand Bulletin, v. 24, p. 507-517.
45. Raynolds, R. G., and Johnson, G. D., 1985, Rates of Neogene depositional and deformational processes, northwest Himalayan foredeep margin, Pakistan, in Snelling, N. J., ed., The chronology of the geologic record: Geological Society [London] Memoir 10, p. 297-311.
46. Sah, M. P., and Srivastava, R. A. K., 1992, Morphology and facies of the alluvial-fan sedimentation in the Kangra Valley, Himachal Himalaya: Sedimentary Geology, v. 76, p. 233-242.
47. Schelling, D., 1992, The tectonostratigraphy and structure of the eastern Nepal Himalaya: Tectonics, v. 11, p. 925-943.
48. Schelling, D., and Arita, K., 1991, Thrust tectonics, crustal shortening, and the structure of the far-eastern Nepal Himalaya: Tectonics, v. 10, p. 851-862.
49. Seeber, L., Armbruster, J. G., and Quittmeyer, R. C., 1981, Seismicity and continental subduction in the Himalayan arc, in Gupta, H. K., and Delany, F. M., eds., Zagros, Hindu Kush, Himalaya, geodynamic evolution: American Geophysical Union Geodynamic Series, v. 3, p. 215-242.
50. Srikantia, S. V., and Sharma, R. P., 1976, Geology of the Shali belt and the adjoining areas: Geological Survey of India Memoirs, v. 106, p. 31-166.
51. Srivastava, P., and Mitra, G., 1994, Thrust geometries and deep structure of the outer and lesser Himalaya, Kumaon and Garhwal (India): Implications for evolution of the Himalayan fold-and-thrust belt: Tectonics, v. 13, p. 89-109.
52. Stein, R. S., and Yeats, R. S., 1989, Hidden earthquakes: Scientific American, v. 260, p. 48-57.
53. Suppe, J., 1983, Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding: American Journal of Science, v. 283, p. 684-721.
54. Suppe, J., and Medwedeff, D. A., 1990, Geometry and kinematics of fault-propagation folding: Eclogae Geologicae Helveticae, v. 83, p. 409-454.
55. Thakur, V. C., 1992, Geology of Western Himalaya: New York, Pergamon Press, 366 p.
56. Valdiya, K. S., 1992, The Main Boundary Thrust zone of the Himalaya, India: Annales Tectonicae, v. 6, supplement, p. 54-84.
57. Wiltschko, D. V., and Eastman, D., 1983, Role of basement warps and faults in localizing thrust fault ramps, in Hatcher, R. D., Williams, H., and Zeitz, I., eds., Contributions to the tectonics and geophysics of mountain chains: Geological Society of America Memoir 158, p. 177-190.
58. Yeats, R. S., and Lillie, R. J., 1991, Contemporary tectonics of the Himalayan frontal fault system: Folds, blind thrusts and the 1905 Kangra earthquake: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 13, p. 215-225.
59. Yeats, R. S., and Thakur, V. C., 1998, Reassessment of earthquake hazard based on a fault-bend fold model of the Himalayan plate-boundary fault: Current Science, v. 74, p. 230-233.
60. Yeats, R. S., Nakata, T., Farah, A., Fort, M., Mirza, M. A., Pandey, M. R., and Stein, R. S., 1992, The Himalayan Frontal Fault System: Annales Tectonicae, v. 6, supplement, p. 85-98.
61. Zhao, W., Nelson, K. D., and Project INDEPTH Team, 1993, Deep seismic reflection evidence for continental underthrusting beneath southern Tibet: Nature, v. 366, p. 557-559.