How many countries for multilevel modeling? A comparison of frequentist and bayesian approaches

American Journal of Political Science

Volumn 57, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 748-761

  Stegmueller, Daniel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84879841014     PISSN: 00925853     EISSN: 15405907     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12001     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Achen, Christopher H. 2005. "Two-Step Hierarchical Estimation: Beyond Regression Analysis." Political Analysis 13(4): 447-56.
2. Afshartous, David. 1995. "Determination of Sample Size for Multilevel Model Design." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco.
3. Agresti, Alan, James G. Booth, James P. Hobert, and Brian Caffo. 2000. "Random-Effects Modeling of Categorical Response Data." Sociological Methodology 30(1): 27-80.
4. Agresti, Alan, and Ranjini Natarajan. 2001. "Modeling Clustered Ordered Categorical Data: A Survey." International Statistical Review 69(3): 345-71.
5. Aitkin, Murray, and Nicholas Longford. 1986. "Statistical Modelling Issues in School Effectiveness Studies." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A 149(1): 1-43.
6. Albert, Jim H., and Siddharta Chib. 1993. "Bayesian Analysis of Binary and Polychotomous Response Data." Journal of the American Statistical Association 88(422): 669-79.
7. Andersen, Robert, and Tina Fetner. 2008. "Economic Inequality and Intolerance: Attitudes toward Homosexuality in 35 Democracies." American Journal of Political Science 52(4): 942-58.
8. Anderson, Christopher J., and Matthew M. Singer. 2008. "The Sensitive Left and the Impervious Right: Multilevel Models and the Politics of Inequality, Ideology, and Legitimacy in Europe." Comparative Political Studies 41(4/5): 564-99.
9. Angrist, Joshua D., and Jorn-Steffen Pischke. 2008. Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
10. Arzheimer, Kai. 2009. "Contextual Factors and the Extreme Right Vote in Western Europe, 1980-2002." American Journal of Political Science 53(2): 259-75.
11. Browne, William C., and David Draper. 2006. "A Comparison of Bayesian and Likelihood-Based Methods for Fitting Multilevel Models." Bayesian Analysis 1(3): 473-514.
12. Browne, William J., and David Draper. 2000. "Implementation and Performance Issues in the Bayesian and Likelihood Fitting of Multilevel Models." Computational Statistics 15(3): 391-420.
13. Cowles, Mary Kathryn, and Bradley P. Carlin. 1996. "Markov Chain Monte Carlo Convergence Diagnostics: A Comparative Review." Journal of the American Statistical Association 91(434): 883-904.
14. Denisova, Irina, Markus Eller, Timothy Frye, and Ekaterina Zhuravskaya. 2009. "Who Wants to Revise Privatization? The Complementarity of Market Skills and Institutions." American Political Science Review 103(2): 284-304.
15. Draper, David. 2008. "Bayesian Multilevel Analysis and MCMC." In Handbook of Multilevel Analysis, ed. Jan de Leeuw and Erik Meijer. New York: Springer, 77-139.
16. Eichenberg, Richard, and Russell Dalton. 1993. "Europeans and the European Community: The Dynamics of Public Support for European Integration." International Organization 47(4): 507-34.
17. Eurostat. 2004. External and Intra-European Union Trade-Statistical Yearbook. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
18. Fahrmeir, Ludwig, and Gerhard Tutz. 1997. Multivariate Statistical Modelling Based on Generalized Linear Models. 2nd ed. New York: Springer.
19. Franchino, Fabio, and Bjorn Hoyland. 2009. "Legislative Involvement in Parliamentary Systems: Opportunities, Conflict, and Institutional Constraints." American Political Science Review 103(4): 607-21.
20. Franzese, Robert J., Jr. 2005. "Empirical Strategies for Various Manifestations of Multilevel Data." Political Analysis 13(4): 430-46.
21. Gelfand, Alan E., and Adrian F. M. Smith. 1990. "Sampling-Based Approaches to Calculating Marginal Densities." Journal of the American Statistical Association 85(410): 398-409.
22. Gelman, Andrew. 2006. "Prior Distributions for Variance Parameters in Hierarchical Models." Bayesian Analysis 1(3): 515-34.
23. Gelman, Andrew, and Donald Rubin. 1992. "Inference from Iterative Simulation Using Multiple Sequences." Statistical Science 7(4): 457-511.
24. Gelman, Andrew, and Jennifer Hill. 2007. Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel /Hierarchical Models. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
25. Gelman, Andrew, John B. Carlin, Hal S. Stern, and Donald B. Rubin. 2004. Bayesian Data Analysis. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall.
26. Gilardi, Fabrizio. 2010. "Who Learns from What in Policy Diffusion Processes?" American Journal of Political Science 54(3): 650-66.
27. Gill, Jeff. 1999. "The Insignificance of Null Hypothesis Significance Testing." Political Research Quarterly 52(3): 647-74.
28. Gill, Jeff. 2008. Bayesian Methods: A Social and Behavioral Sciences Approach. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall.
29. Goldstein, Harvey. 2010. Multilevel Statistical Models. Chicester, UK: Wiley.
30. Goldstein, Harvey, Jon Rasbash, Min Yang, Geoffrey Woodhouse, Huiqi Pan, Desmond Nuttall, and Sally Thomas. 1993. "A Multilevel Analysis of School Examination Results." Oxford Review of Education 19(4): 425-33.
31. Hooghe, Liesbet, and Gary Marks. 2004. "Does Identity or Economic Rationality Drive Public Opinion on European Integration?" PS: Political Science & Politics 37(3): 415-20.
32. Hooghe, Marc, Tim Reeskens, Dietlind Stolle, and Ann Trappers. 2009. "Ethnic Diversity and Generalized Trust in Europe. A Cross-National Multilevel Study." Comparative Political Studies 42(2): 198-223.
33. Iversen, Torben, and Frances Rosenbluth. 2006. "Bayesian Inference for Comparative Research." American Political Science Review 88(2): 412-23.
34. Jackman, Simon D. 2009. Bayesian Analysis for the Social Sciences. New York: Wiley.
35. Jackman, Simon, and Bruce Western. 1994. "The Political Economy of Gender: Explaining Cross-National Variation in the Gender Division of Labor and the Gender Voting Gap." American Journal of Political Science 50(1): 1-19.
36. Jaynes, E. T. 1976. "Confidence Intervals vs. Bayesian Intervals." In Foundations of Probability Theory, Statistical Inference, and Statistical Theories of Science. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: D. Reidel, 175-257.
37. Jaynes, E. T. 2003. Probability Theory: The Logic of Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
38. Jiang, Jiming. 2007. Linear and Generalized Linear Models: Mixed Models and Their Applications. New York: Springer.
39. Jusko, Karen Long, and W. Philips Shively. 2005. "Applying a Two-Step Strategy to the Analysis of Cross-National Public Opinion Data." Political Analysis 13(4): 327-44.
40. Kedar, Orit, and W. Philips Shively. 2005. "Introduction to the Special Issue." Political Analysis 13(4): 1-4.
41. King, Gary. 1998. Unifying Political Methodology: The Likelihood Theory of Statistical Inference. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.
42. Kreft, Ita. 1996. "Are Multilevel Techniques Necessary? An Overview Including Simulation Studies." California State University, Los Angeles. Unpublished manuscript.
43. Kreft, Ita G. G., and Jan de Leeuw. 1998. Introducing Multilevel Modeling. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
44. Lax, Jeffrey R., and Justin H. Phillips. 2009. "Gay Rights in the States: Public Opinion and Policy Responsiveness." American Political Science Review 103(3): 367-86.
45. Maas, Cora J. M., and Joop J. Hox. 2004a. "The Influence of Violations of Assumptions on Multilevel Parameter Estimates and Their Standard Errors." Computational Statistics and Data Analysis 46(3): 427-40.
46. Maas, Cora J. M., and Joop J. Hox. 2004b. "Robustness Issues in Multilevel Regression Analysis." Statistica Neerlandica 58(2): 127-37.
47. Maas, Cora J. M., and Joop J. Hox. 2005. "Sufficient Sample Sizes for Multilevel Modeling." Methodology 1(3): 85-91.
48. Mahler, Vincent A., Bruce J. Taylor, and Jennifer R. Wozniak. 2000. "Economics and Public Support for the European Union: An Analysis at the National, Regional, and Individual Levels." Polity 32(3): 429-53.
49. McCulloch, Charles E., and Shayle R. Searle. 2001. Generalized, Linear, and Mixed Models. New York: Wiley.
50. McLachlan, Geoffrey J., and Thriyambakam Krishnan. 2008. The EM Algorithm and Extensions. New York: Wiley.
51. Moineddin, Rahim, Flora I. Matheson, and Richard H. Glazier. 2007. "A Simulation Study of Sample Size for Multilevel Logistic Regression Models." BMC Medical Research Methodology 7: 1-34.
52. Natarajan, Ranjini, and Robert E. Kass. 2000. "Reference Bayesian Methods for Generalized Linear Mixed Models." Journal of the American Statistical Association 95(449): 227-37.
53. Normand, Sharon-Lise T., and Kelly H. Zou. 2002. "Sample Size Considerations in Observational Health Care Quality Studies." Statistics in Medicine 21(3): 331-45.
54. O'Hagan, Anthony, and Jonathan Forster. 2009. Kendall's Advanced Theory of Statistics: Bayesian Inference. 2nd ed. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
55. O'Rourke, Kevin H., and Richard Sinnott. 2006. "The Determinants of Individual Attitudes Towards Immigration." European Journal of Political Economy 22(4): 838-61.
56. Pinheiro, José C., and Douglas M. Bates. 1995. "Approximations to the Log-Likelihood Function in the Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Model." Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 4(1): 12-35.
57. Rabe-Hesketh, Sophia, and Anders Skrondal. 2008. Multilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using Stata. College Station, TX: Stata Press.
58. Rabe-Hesketh, Sophia, Anders Skrondal, and Andrew Pickles. 2002. "Reliable Estimation of Generalized Linear Mixed Models Using Adaptive Quadrature." The Stata Journal 2(1): 1-21.
59. Robert, Christan P. 2007. The Bayesian Choice: From Decision-Theoretic Foundations to Computational Implementation. New York: Springer.
60. Rodríguez, Germán, and Noreen Goldman. 1995. "An Assessment of Estimation Procedures for Multilevel Models with Binary Responses." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A 158(1): 73-89.
61. Skrondal, Anders, and Sophia Rabe-Hesketh. 2004. Generalized Latent Variable Modeling: Multilevel, Longitudinal and Structural Equation Models. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall.
62. Snijders, Tom, and Roel Bosker. 1999. Multilevel Analysis: An Introduction to Basic and Advanced Multilevel Modeling. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
63. Snijders, Tom, and Roel Bosker. 2012. Multilevel Analysis: An Introduction to Basic and Advanced Multilevel Modeling. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
64. Spiegelhalter, D. J., A. Thomas, N. Best, and W. R. Gilks. 1997. BUGS: Bayesian Inference Using Gibbs Sampling: Manual. Cambridge, MA: Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit.
65. Steenbergen, Marco R., and Bradford S. Jones. 2002. "Modeling Multilevel Data Structures." American Journal of Political Science 46(1): 218-37.
66. van der Meer, Tom W. G., Jan W. van Deth, and Peer L. H. Scheepers. 2009. "The Politicized Participant: Ideology and Political Action in 20 Democracies." Comparative Political Studies 42(11): 1426-57.
67. Verbeek, Marno. 2004. A Guide to Modern Econometrics. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
68. Voeten, Erik. 2008. "The Impartiality of International Judges: Evidence from the European Court of Human Rights." American Political Science Review 102(4): 417-33.
69. Weldon, Steven A. 2006. "The Institutional Context of Tolerance for Ethnic Minorities: A Comparative, Multilevel Analysis of Western Europe." American Journal of Political Science 50(2): 331-49.