Embodied greenhouse gas emission by Macao

Energy Policy

Volumn 59, Issue , 2013, Pages 819-833

  Li, J S ^a   Chen, G Q ^a,b   Lai, T M ^c   Ahmad, B ^b   Chen, Z M ^d   Shao, L ^a   Ji, Xi ^a  

^a PEKING UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY   (Saudi Arabia)

^c ERS e Research Lab   (China)

^d RENMIN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA   (China)

Author keywords

Consumer's responsibility; Greenhouse gas emission; Macao

Indexed keywords

CITY BOUNDARIES; CONSUMER'S RESPONSIBILITY; DIRECT EMISSIONS; EMBODIED EMISSIONS; MACAO; MITIGATION PLANS; SERVICE INDUSTRIES; TOTAL EMISSIONS;

GAS EMISSIONS;

GREENHOUSE GASES;

CARBON EMISSION; CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR; EMISSION INVENTORY; ENERGY USE; ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY; GREENHOUSE GAS; URBAN AREA;

CHINA; MACAU;

EID: 84879505533     PISSN: 03014215     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.04.042     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Betsill M., Bulkeley H. Looking back and thinking ahead: a decade of cities and climate change research. Local Environment 2007, 12:447-456.
2. Bi J., Zhang R., Wang H., Liu M., Wu Y. The benchmarks of carbon emissions and policy implications for China's cities: case of Nanjing. Energy Policy 2011, 39:4785-4794.
3. Bulkeley H. Cities and the governing of climate change. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 2010, 35:229-253.
4. CEM, 2008. CEM Annual Report. Companhia de Electricidade de Macau, Macao.
5. CEM, 2009. CEM Annual Report. Companhia de Electricidade de Macau, Macao.
6. Chen G.Q., Chen Z.M. Carbon emissions and resources use by Chinese economy 2007: a 135-sector inventory and input-output embodiment. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 2010, 15:3647-3732.
7. Chen G.Q., Chen Z.M. Greenhouse gas emissions and natural resources use by the world economy: ecological input-output modeling. Ecological Modelling 2011, 222:2362-2376.
8. 2010, Xinhua Publishing House, Beijing, in Chinese. G.Q. Chen, Z.M. Chen, B. Zhang, H. Chen, S. Guo, L. Shao, S.Y. Zhou, M.M. Jiang, B. Chen (Eds.).
9. Chen G.Q., Guo S., Shao L., Li J.S., Chen Z.-M. Three-scale input-output modeling for urban economy: carbon emission by Beijing 2007. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 2013, 18:2493-2506.
10. 2009, China Democratic and Legal Publishing House, Beijing, in Chinese. L.J. Chen (Ed.).
11. Chen Z.M., Chen G.Q. Embodied carbon dioxide emission at supra-national scale: a coalition analysis for G7, BRIC, and the rest of the world. Energy Policy 2011, 39:2899-2909.
12. Chen Z.M., Chen G.Q. Demand-driven energy requirement of world economy 2007: a multi-region input-output network simulation. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 2013, 18:1757-1774.
13. Collier U. Local authorities and climate protection in the European union: putting subsidiarity into practice?. Local Environment 1997, 2:39-57.
14. CPG, 2011. The Twelfth Five-Year Planning. Beijing: The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China (in Chinese).
15. 2 emissions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2010, 107:5687-5692.
16. 2004, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Kitakyushu. S. Dhakal (Ed.).
17. Dhakal S. Urban energy use and carbon emissions from cities in China and policy implications. Energy Policy 2009, 37:4208-4219.
18. DSEC, 2005a. Balance of Energy. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
19. DSEC, 2005b. Construction Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
20. DSEC, 2005c. Environmental Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
21. DSEC, 2005d. Yearbook of Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
22. DSEC, 2006a. Balance of Energy. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
23. DSEC, 2006b. Construction Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
24. DSEC, 2006c. Environmental Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
25. DSEC, 2006d. Yearbook of Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
26. DSEC, 2007a. Balance of Energy. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
27. DSEC, 2007b. Construction Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
28. DSEC, 2007c. Environmental Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
29. DSEC, 2007d. Yearbook of Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
30. DSEC, 2008a. Balance of Energy. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
31. DSEC, 2008b. Construction Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
32. DSEC, 2008c. Environmental Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
33. DSEC, 2008d. Yearbook of Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
34. DSEC, 2009a. Balance of Energy. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
35. DSEC, 2009b. Construction Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
36. DSEC, 2009c. Environmental Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
37. DSEC, 2009d. Yearbook of Statistics. Statistics and Census Service of Macao, Macao.
38. DSPA, 2010. Macao Environmental Report 2008-2009. Macao Environmental Protection Agency, Macao (in Chinese).
39. DSPA, 2012. Macao Environment Protection Agency Macao. Available from
40. GDSE, 2010. Energy efficiency in Macao Special Administrative Region 2009. Office for the Development of the Energy Sector, Macao.
41. Glaeser E.L., Kahn M.E. The greenness of cities: carbon dioxide emissions and urban development. Journal of Urban Economics 2010, 67:404-418.
42. Gorer P., Lawson A., Loh C. Green house or greenhouse? Climate change and the building stock of Hongkong and Macau 2008, Architects Association of Macau, Macao.
43. 2 emissions embodied in international and interprovincial trade. Energy Policy 2012, 42:486-497.
44. Guo S., Chen G.Q. Multi-scale input-output analysis for multiple responsibility entities: carbon emission by urban economy in Beijing 2007. Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management 2013, 1:43-54.
45. Annual Report on Economy and Society (2008-2009) 2009, Social Science and Academic Press, Beijing, in Chinese. Y.F. Hao, Z.L. Wu (Eds.).
46. Hertwich E.G., Peters G.P. Carbon footprint of nations: a global, trade-linked analysis. Environmental Science and Technology 2009, 43:6414-6420.
47. Hillman T., Ramaswami A. Greenhouse gas emission footprints and energy use benchmarks for eight U.S. cities. Environmental Science and Technology 2010, 44:1902-1910.
48. IEA, 2008. World Energy Outlook. International Energy Agency, Paris.
49. IPCC, 2006. IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Prepared by the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme. Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Tokyo, Japan.
50. Kennedy C., Steinberger J., Gasson B., Hansen Y., Hillman T., Havránek M., Pataki D., Phdungsilp A., Ramaswami A., Mendez G.V. Methodology for inventorying greenhouse gas emissions from global cities. Energy Policy 2010, 38:4828-4837.
51. Kennedy C., Steinberger J., Gasson B., Hansen Y., Hillman T., Havránek M., Pataki D., Phdungsilp A., Ramaswami A., Mendez G.V. Greenhouse gas emissions from global cities. Environmental Science and Technology 2009, 43:7297-7302.
52. Koehn P.H. Underneath Kyoto: emerging subnational government initiatives and incipient issue-bundling opportunities in China and the United States. Global Environmental Politics 2008, 8:53-77.
53. Kuo J.H., Lin C.L., Chen J.C., Tseng H.H., Wey M.Y. Emission of carbon dioxide in municipal solid waste incineration in Taiwan: a comparison with thermal power plants. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2011, 5:889-898.
54. Lai T.M., Lo W.M., Choy W.C., Lam, K.H.Y.S. The causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in a Gaming and Tourism Center: the case of Macao SAR, the People's Republic of China. Energy 2011, 36:1134-1142.
55. Lai, T.M., 2011. Systems Accounting of Macao's Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Master thesis), Peking University, Beijing (in Chinese).
56. Li J.S., Chen G.Q. Energy and greenhouse gas emissions review for Macao. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2013, 22:23-32.
57. Lin J., Cao B., Cui S., Wang W., Bai X. Evaluating the effectiveness of urban energy conservation and GHG mitigation measures: the case of Xiamen city, China. Energy Policy 2010, 38:5123-5132.
58. Liu Z., Liang S., Geng Y., Xue B., Xi F., Pan Y., Zhang T., Fujita T. Features, trajectories and driving forces for energy-related GHG emissions from Chinese mega cites: the case of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing. Energy 2012, 37:245-254.
59. 2 emissions: evidence from fifty Japanese cities. Urban Climate 2012, 2:55-67.
60. Mäenpää I., Siikavirta H. Greenhouse gases embodied in the international trade and final consumption of Finland: an input-output analysis. Energy Policy 2007, 35:128-143.
61. 2 responsibility and the carbon content of its international trade. Ecological Economics 2010, 69:2003-2019.
62. NPC, 1993. Macao Special Administrative Region Basic Law. National People's Congress, Beijing.
63. Pan J., Phillips J., Chen Y. China's balance of emissions embodied in trade: approaches to measurement and allocating international responsibility. Oxford Review of Economic Policy 2008, 24:354-376.
64. 2 embodied in international trade with implications for global climate policy. Environmental Science and Technology 2008, 42:1401-1407.
65. Phdungsilp A. Integrated energy and carbon modeling with a decision support system: policy scenarios for low-carbon city development in Bangkok. Energy Policy 2010, 38:4808-4817.
66. Satterthwaite D. Cities' contribution to global warming: notes on the allocation of greenhouse gas emissions. Environment and Urbanization 2008, 20:539-549.
67. Schmidt Dubeux C.B., Rovere E.L.L. Local perspectives in the control of greenhouse gas emissions-the case of Rio de Janeiro. Cities 2007, 24:353-364.
68. Schulz N.B. Delving into the carbon footprints of Singapore-comparing direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions of a small and open economic system. Energy Policy 2010, 38:4848-4855.
69. Sovacool B.K., Brown M.A. Twelve metropolitan carbon footprints: a preliminary comparative global assessment. Energy Policy 2010, 38:4856-4869.
70. To W.M., Lai T.M., Chung W.L. Fuel life cycle emissions for electricity consumption in the world's gaming center-Macao SAR, China. Energy 2011, 36:5162-5168.
71. Wang, Y., 2010. The Impact of Labor Migration on the Economic Development of Macao. Ji Lin University, Changchun.
72. WRI/WBCSD, World Resources Institute, World Business Council for Sustainable Development, 2009. The Greenhouse Gas Protocol: A Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard (revised edition) http://www.ghgprotocol.org/.
73. Xi F., Geng Y., Chen X., Zhang Y., Wang X., Xue B., Dong H., Liu Z., Ren W., Fujita T., Zhu Q. Contributing to local policy making on GHG emission reduction through inventorying and attribution: a case study of Shenyang China. Energy Policy 2011, 39:5999-6010.
74. 2 emissions embodied in China's exports from 2002 to 2008: A structural decomposition analysis. Energy Policy 2011, 39:7381-7388.
75. 2 emissions. Energy Policy 2010, 38:350-356.
76. 2 emission inventories for Chinese cities in highly urbanized areas compared with European cities. Energy Policy 2012, 47:298-308.
77. Zhang B., Chen G.Q. Methane emissions by Chinese economy: inventory and embodiment analysis. Energy Policy 2010, 38:4304-4316.
78. Zhou, J.B., 2008. Embodied Ecological Elements Accounting of National Economy (Doctor thesis), Peking University, Beijing (in Chinese).
79. Zhou S.Y., Chen H., Li S.C. Resources use and greenhouse gas emissions in urban economy: ecological input-output modeling for Beijing 2002. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 2010, 15:3201-3231.