The Effects of Involuntary Respiratory Contractions on Cerebral Blood Flow during Maximal Apnoea in Trained Divers

PLoS ONE

Volumn 8, Issue 6, 2013, Pages

  Cross, Troy J ^a,c   Kavanagh, Justin J ^a   Breskovic, Toni ^b   Zubin Maslov, Petra ^b   Lojpur, Mihajlo ^d   Johnson, Bruce D ^c   Dujic, Zeljko ^b  

^a GRIFFITH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SPLIT   (Croatia)

^c MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL SPLIT   (Croatia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; APNEA; ARTICLE; BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY; BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; BREATH HOLDING; DIVER; ESOPHAGUS PRESSURE; HEART OUTPUT; HEART STROKE VOLUME; HUMAN; INVOLUNTARY RESPIRATORY CONTRACTION; MALE; MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE; RESPIRATORY FUNCTION; THORAX PRESSURE; ARTERIAL PRESSURE; BRAIN CIRCULATION; DIVING; FEMALE; HEMODYNAMICS; METABOLISM; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY;

OXYGEN;

ADULT; APNEA; ARTERIAL PRESSURE; BREATH HOLDING; CEREBROVASCULAR CIRCULATION; DIVING; FEMALE; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMANS; MALE; OXYGEN; STROKE VOLUME;

EID: 84879469721     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066950     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Lin YC, Lally DA, Moore TO, Hong SK, (1974) Physiological and conventional breath-hold breaking points. Journal of Applied Physiology 37: 291-296.
2. Cross TJ, Breskovic T, Sabapathy S, Zubin Maslov P, Johnson BD, et al. (2012) Respiratory Muscle Pressure-Development during Breath Holding in Apnoea Divers. Medicine and science in sports and exercise.
3. Whitelaw WA, McBride B, Amar J, Corbet K, (1981) Respiratory neuromuscular output during breath holding. Journal of Applied Physiology 50: 435-443.
4. Godfrey S, Campbell EJ, (1968) The control of breath holding. Respiration Physiology 5: 385-400.
5. Banzett RB, Lansing RW, Brown R, Topulos GP, Yager D, et al. (1990) 'Air hunger' from increased PCO2 persists after complete neuromuscular block in humans. Respiration Physiology 81: 1-17.
6. Parkes MJ, (2006) Breath-holding and its breakpoint. Experimental Physiology 91: 1-15.
7. Breskovic T, Lojpur M, Maslov PZ, Cross TJ, Kraljevic J, et al. (2012) The influence of varying inspired fractions of O2 and CO2 on the development of involuntary breathing movements during maximal apnoea. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 181: 228-233.
8. Palada I, Obad A, Bakovic D, Valic Z, Ivancev V, et al. (2007) Cerebral and peripheral hemodynamics and oxygenation during maximal dry breath-holds. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 157: 374-381.
9. Dujic Z, Uglesic L, Breskovic T, Valic Z, Heusser K, et al. (2009) Involuntary breathing movements improve cerebral oxygenation during apnea struggle phase in elite divers. Journal of Applied Physiology 107: 1840-1846.
10. Craig AB Jr, (1976) Summary of 58 cases of loss of consciousness during underwater swimming and diving. Medicine and science in sports 8: 171-175.
11. Albert B, Craig J, (1961) Causes of loss of consciousness during underwater swimming. Journal of Applied Physiology 16: 583-586.
12. Andersson JPA, Linér MH, Rünow E, Schagatay EKA, (2002) Diving response and arterial oxygen saturation during apnea and exercise in breath-hold divers. Journal of Applied Physiology 93: 882-886.
13. Przybyowski T, Bangash M-F, Reichmuth K, Morgan BJ, Skatrud JB, et al. (2003) Mechanisms of the cerebrovascular response to apnoea in humans. The Journal of Physiology 548: 323-332.
14. Kjeld T, Pott FC, Secher NH, (2009) Facial immersion in cold water enhances cerebral blood velocity during breath-hold exercise in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology 106: 1243-1248.
15. Heusser K, Dzamonja G, Tank J, Palada I, Valic Z, et al. (2009) Cardiovascular Regulation During Apnea in Elite Divers. Hypertension 53: 719-724.
16. Palada I, Bakovic D, Valic Z, Obad A, Ivancev V, et al. (2008) Restoration of hemodynamics in apnea struggle phase in association with involuntary breathing movements. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 161: 174-181.
17. Pinsky MR, (1984) Determinants of pulmonary arterial flow variation during respiration. Journal of Applied Physiology 56: 1237-1245.
18. Wise RA, Robotham JL, Summer WR, (1981) Effects of spontaneous ventilation on the circulation. Lung 159: 175-186.
19. Brecher GA, Hubay CA, (1955) Pulmonary blood flow and venous return during spontaneous respiration. Circulation Research 3: 210-214.
20. Virolainen J, Ventila M, Turto H, Kupari M, (1995) Influence of negative intrathoracic pressure on right atrial and systemic venous dynamics. European Heart Journal 16: 1293-1299.
21. Kilburn KH, Sieker HO, (1960) Hemodynamic effects of continuous positive and negative pressure breathing in normal man. Circulation Research 8: 660-669.
22. Innes JA, De Cort SC, Kox W, Guz A, (1993) Within-breath modulation of left ventricular function during normal breathing and positive-pressure ventilation in man. The Journal of Physiology 460: 487-502.
23. Guz A, Innes JA, Murphy K, (1987) Respiratory modulation of left ventricular stroke volume in man measured using pulsed Doppler ultrasound. The Journal of Physiology 393: 499-512.
24. Toska K, Eriksen M, (1993) Respiration-synchronous fluctuations in stroke volume, heart rate and arterial pressure in humans. The Journal of Physiology 472: 501-512.
25. Elstad M, Toska K, Chon KH, Raeder EA, Cohen RJ, (2001) Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: opposite effects on systolic and mean arterial pressure in supine humans. The Journal of Physiology 536: 251-259.
26. Coughtrey H, Rennie JM, Evans DH, Cole TJ, (1993) Factors associated with respiration induced variability in cerebral blood flow velocity. Archives of Disease in Childhood 68: 312-316.
27. Zhang R, Zuckerman JH, Giller CA, Levine BD, (1998) Transfer function analysis of dynamic cerebral autoregulation in humans. American Journal of Physiology- Heart and Circulatory Physiology 274: H233-H241.
28. Baković D, Valic Z, Eterović D, Vuković I, Obad A, et al. (2003) Spleen volume and blood flow response to repeated breath-hold apneas. Journal of Applied Physiology 95: 1460-1466.
29. Miller MR, Hankinson J, Brusasco V, Burgos F, Casaburi R, et al. (2005) Standardisation of spirometry. European Respiratory Journal 26: 319-338.
30. Milic-Emili J, Mead J, Turner JM, Glauser EM, (1964) Improved Technique for Estimating Pleural Pressure from Esophageal Balloons. Journal of Applied Physiology 19: 207-211.
31. Baydur A, Cha EJ, Sassoon CS, (1987) Validation of esophageal balloon technique at different lung volumes and postures. Journal of Applied Physiology 62: 315-321.
32. O'Leary DD, Shoemaker JK, Edwards MR, Hughson RL, (2004) Spontaneous beat-by-beat fluctuations of total peripheral and cerebrovascular resistance in response to tilt. American Journal of Physiology- Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 287: R670-R679.
33. Jellema WT, Wesseling KH, Groeneveld JAB, Stoutenbeek CP, Thijs LG, et al. (1999) Continuous Cardiac Output in Septic Shock by Simulating a Model of the Aortic Input Impedance: A Comparison with Bolus Injection Thermodilution. Anesthesiology 90: 1317-1328.
34. Malliani A, Pagani M, Lombardi F, Cerutti S, (1991) Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain. Circulation 84: 482-492.
35. Boker SM, McArdle JJ (2005) Path Analysis and Path Diagrams. Encyclopedia of Statistics in Behavioral Science: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
36. Blunch N (2008) Introduction to Structural Equation Modelling Using SPSS and AMOS. London, England: SAGE Publications, Ltd.
37. Shipley B (2000) Cause & Correlation in Biology: A User's Guide to Path Analysis, Structural Equations & Causal Inference. Port Chester, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press.
38. Rudikoff MT, Maughan WL, Effron M, Freund P, Weisfeldt ML, (1980) Mechanisms of blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Circulation 61: 345-352.
39. Tacq J (2004) Part Correlation. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Social Science Research Methods: Sage Publications, Inc.
40. Guzman PA, Maughan WL, Yin FC, Eaton LW, Brinker JA, et al. (1981) Transseptal pressure gradient with leftward septal displacement during the Mueller manoeuvre in man. British Heart Journal 46: 657-662.
41. Rahn H, Otis AB, Chadwick LE, Fenn WO, (1946) The pressure-volume diagram of the thorax and lung. American Journal of Physiology 146: 161-178.
42. Ferrigno M, Hickey DD, Liner MH, Lundgren CE, (1986) Cardiac performance in humans during breath holding. Journal of Applied Physiology 60: 1871-1877.
43. Breskovic T, Steinback CD, Salmanpour A, Shoemaker JK, Dujic Z, (2011) Recruitment pattern of sympathetic neurons during breath-holding at different lung volumes in apnea divers and controls. Autonomic Neuroscience 164: 74-81.
44. Pan AW, He J, Kinouchi Y, Yamaguchi H, Miyamoto H, (1997) Blood flow in the carotid artery during breath-holding in relation to diving bradycardia. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology 75: 388-395.
45. Kety SS, Schmidt CF, (1948) The effects of altered arterial tensions of carbon dioxide and oxygen on cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption of normal young men. Journal of Clinical Investigation 27: 484-492.
46. Ainslie PN, Ashmead JC, Ide K, Morgan BJ, Poulin MJ, (2005) Differential responses to CO2 and sympathetic stimulation in the cerebral and femoral circulations in humans. The Journal of Physiology 566: 613-624.
47. von Leupoldt A, Dahme B, (2005) Cortical Substrates for the Perception of Dyspnea. Chest 128: 345-354.
48. Moosavi SH, Golestanian E, Binks AP, Lansing RW, Brown R, et al. (2003) Hypoxic and hypercapnic drives to breathe generate equivalent levels of air hunger in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology 94: 141-154.
49. Dahl A, Lindegaard KF, Russell D, Nyberg-Hansen R, Rootwelt K, et al. (1992) A comparison of transcranial Doppler and cerebral blood flow studies to assess cerebral vasoreactivity. Stroke 23: 15-19.
50. Kontos HA, (1989) Validity of cerebral arterial blood flow calculations from velocity measurements. Stroke 20: 1-3.
51. Poulin MJ, Robbins PA, (1996) Indexes of Flow and Cross-sectional Area of the Middle Cerebral Artery Using Doppler Ultrasound During Hypoxia and Hypercapnia in Humans. Stroke 27: 2244-2250.
52. Serrador JM, Picot PA, Rutt BK, Shoemaker JK, Bondar RL, (2000) MRI Measures of Middle Cerebral Artery Diameter in Conscious Humans During Simulated Orthostasis. Stroke 31: 1672-1678.
53. Harms MP, Wesseling KH, Pott F, Jenstrup M, Van Goudoever J, et al. (1999) Continuous stroke volume monitoring by modelling flow from non-invasive measurement of arterial pressure in humans under orthostatic stress. Clinical Science (London) 97: 291-301.
54. Wong KKL, Mazumdar J, Pincombe B, Worthley SG, Sanders P, et al. (2006) Theoretical modeling of micro-scale biological phenomena in human coronary arteries. Medical & biological engineering & computing 44: 971-982.
55. Wong KKL, Tu J, Mazumdar J, Abbott D (2010) Modelling of blood flow resistance for an atherosclerotic artery with multiple stenoses and poststenotic dilatations. ANZIAM Journal 51.
56. Wong KKL, Tu J, Sun Z, Dissanayake D (2013) Methods in Research and Development of Biomedical Devices. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co.