Side-effects of henna and semi-permanent 'black henna' tattoos: A full review

Contact Dermatitis

Volumn 69, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 1-25

  De Groot, Anton C ^a  

^a NONE   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

black henna; body painting; hair dye; henna; lawsone; mehndi; p phenylenediamine; tattoo; temporary tattoo; textile dye

Indexed keywords

HENNA;

CONTACT ALLERGY; CONTACT DERMATITIS; HEMOLYSIS; HUMAN; IMMEDIATE TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; PATCH TEST; REVIEW; SAFETY; SENSITIZATION; TATTOOING;

ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS; COLORING AGENTS; DERMATITIS, ALLERGIC CONTACT; HUMANS; PHENYLENEDIAMINES; RISK FACTORS; TATTOOING;

EID: 84879394277     PISSN: 01051873     EISSN: 16000536     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/cod.12074     Document Type: Review

References (193)

1. Almeida P J, Borrego L, Pulido-Melián E, González- Díaz O,. Quantification of p-phenylenediamine and 2-hydroxy-1,4- naphthoquinone in henna tattoos. Contact Dermatitis 2011: 66: 33-37.
2. El-Shaer N S, Badr J M, Aboul-Ela M A, Gohar Y M,. Determination of lawsone in henna powders by high performance thin layer chromatography. J Sep Sci 2007: 30: 3311-3315.
3. Kazandjieva J, Grozdev I, Tsankov N,. Temporary henna tattoos. Clin Dermatol 2007: 25: 383-387.
4. Basas C G,. Henna tattooing: cultural tradition meets regulation. Food Drug Law J 2007: 62: 779-803.
5. Wolf R, Wolf D, Matz H, Orion E,. Cutaneous reactions to temporary tattoos. Dermatol Online J 2003: 9: 3.
6. Van Braak H,. Natürliches Henna: Niedernhausen, Falken Verlag, 2001: pp. 10-17.
7. Calogiuri G, Foti C, Bonamonte D, et al. Allergic reactions to henna-based temporary tattoos and their components. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2010: 32: 700-704.
8. Lestringant G G, Bener A, Frossard P M,. Cutaneous reactions to henna and associated additives. Br J Dermatol 1999: 141: 598-600.
9. Sidbury R, Storrs F J,. Pruritic eruption at the site of a temporary tattoo. Am J Contact Dermatitis 2000: 11: 182-183.
10. Mehendale V G, Chaudhari N C, Shenoy S W, et al. Henna is a durable preoperative skin marker. World J Surg 2011: 35: 311-315.
11. Belhadjali H, Akkar H, Youssef M, et al. Bullous allergic contact dermatitis to pure henna in a 3-year-old girl. Pediatr Dermatol 2011: 28: 580-581.
12. Polat M, Dikilitaş M, Ōztaş P, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis to pure henna. Dermatol Online J 2009: 15: 15.
13. Belhadjali H, Ghannouchi N, Amri Ch, et al. Contact dermatitis to henna used as a hair dye. Contact Dermatitis 2008: 58: 182.
14. Jung P, Sesztak-Greinecker G, Wantke F, et al. The extent of black henna tattoo's complications are not restricted to PPD-sensitization. Contact Dermatitis 2006: 55: 57.
15. Perez R G, Gonzalez R, Gonzalez M, Soloeta R,. Palpebral eczema due to contact allergy to henna used as a hair dye. Contact Dermatitis 2003: 48: 238.
16. Chung W H, Chang Y C, Yang L J, et al. Clinicopathologic features of skin reactions to temporary tattoos and analysis of possible causes. Arch Dermatol 2002: 138: 88-92.
17. Chung W H, Wang C M, Hong H S,. Allergic contact dermatitis to temporary tattoos with positive para-phenylenediamine reactions: report of four cases. Int J Dermatol 2001: 40: 754-756.
18. Önder M, Atahan C A, Öztaş P, Öztaş M O,. Temporary henna tattoo reactions in children. Int J Dermatol 2001: 40: 577-579.
19. Öztaş M O, Önder M, Öztaş P, Atahan Ç,. Contact allergy to henna. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2001: 15: 91-92.
20. Rubegni P, Fimiani M, de Aloe G, Andreassi L,. Lichenoid reaction to temporary tattoo. Contact Dermatitis 2000: 42: 117-118.
21. Etienne A, Piletta P, Hauser C, Pasche-Koo F,. Ectopic contact dermatitis from henna. Contact Dermatitis 1997: 37: 183.
22. García Ortiz J C, Terron M, Bellido J,. Contact allergy to henna. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1997: 114: 298-299.
23. Wantke F, Götz M, Jarisch R,. Contact dermatitis due to henna, solvent red 1 and solvent red 3. A case report. Contact Dermatitis 1992: 27: 346-347.
24. Nigam P K, Saxena A K,. Allergic contact dermatitis from henna. Contact Dermatitis 1988: 18: 55-56.
25. Gupta B N, Mathur A K, Agarwal C, Singh A,. Contact sensitivity to henna. Contact Dermatitis 1986: 15: 303-304.
26. Pasricha J S, Gupta R, Panjwani S,. Contact dermatitis to henna (Lawsonia). Contact Dermatitis 1980: 6: 288-289.
27. Bolhaar S T H P, Mulder M, van Ginkel C J W,. IgE-mediated allergy to henna. Allergy 2001: 56: 248.
28. Majoie I M L, Bruynzeel D P,. Occupational immediate-type hypersensitivity to henna in a hairdresser. Am J Contact Dermatitis 1996: 7: 38-40.
29. Starr J C, Yuringer J, Brasher G W,. Immediate type I asthmatic response to henna following occupational exposure in hairdresser. Ann Allergy 1982: 48: 98-99.
30. Cronin E,. Immediate-type hypersensitivity to henna. Contact Dermatitis 1979: 5: 198.
31. Frosch P J, Hausen B M,. Allergische Reaktionen vom Soforttyp auf dem Haarfärbemittel Henna. Allergologie 1986: 8: 351-353.
32. Pepys J, Hutchcroft B J, Breslin A B,. Asthma due to inhaled chemical agents-persulphate salts and henna in hairdressers. Clin Allergy 1976: 6: 399-404.
33. Ben M'Rad S, Merai S, Grairi H, et al. Allergie immédiate au henné pur. Rev Fr Allergol Immunol Clin 2004: 44: 159-160.
34. Nikkels A, Henry F, Pierard G,. Allergic reactions to decorative skin paintings. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2000: 15: 140-142.
35. Ventura M T, Di Leo E, Buquicchio R, et al. Is black henna responsible for asthma and cross reactivity with latex? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2007: 21: 714-715.
36. Onder M,. Temporary holiday 'tattoos' may cause lifelong allergic contact dermatitis when henna is mixed with PPD. J Cosmet Dermatol 2003: 2: 126-130.
37. Dutta A, Malhotra S,. Henna tattoo: an unusual peripheral venous access difficulty. J Anesth 2010: 24: 321-322.
38. Raupp P, Hassan J A, Varughese M, Kristiansson B,. Henna causes life threatening haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Arch Dis Child 2001: 85: 411-412.
39. Kandil H H, Al-Ghanem M M, Sarwat M A, Al-Thallab F S,. Henna (Lawsonia inermis Linn.) inducing haemolysis among G6PD-deficient newborns. A new clinical observation. Ann Trop Paediatr 1996: 16: 287-291.
40. Zinkham W H, Oski F A,. Henna: a potential cause of oxidative hemolysis and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatrics 1996: 97: 707-709.
41. Kök A N, Ertekin M V, Ertekin V, Avci B,. Henna (Lawsonia inermis Linn.) induced haemolytic anaemia in siblings. Int J Clin Pract 2004: 58: 530-532.
42. Ozsoylu S,. Henna intoxication. Lancet 1996: 348: 1173.
43. McMillan D C, Sarvate S D, Oatis J E Jr, Jollow D J,. Role of oxidant stress in lawsone-induced hemolytic anemia. Toxocol Sci 2004: 82: 647-655.
44. Katar S, Devecioglu C, Ozbeck M N, et al. Henna causes life-threatening hyperbilirubinaemia in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Clin Exp Dermatol 2007: 32: 235-236.
45. Wakelin S H, Creamer D, Rycroft R J G, White I R, McFadden J P,. Contact dermatitis from para-phenylenediamine used as skin paint. Contact Dermatitis 1998: 39: 92-93.
46. Vasilakis V, Knight B, Lidder S, et al. Severe type-IV hypersensitivity to 'black henna' tattoo. BMJ Case Rep. 2010: doi: 10.1136/bcr.09.2009.2277.
47. Spornraft-Ragaller P, Kämmerer E, Gillitzer C, Schmitt J,. Severe allergic reactions to para-phenylenediamine in children and adolescents: should the patch test concentration of PPD be changed? J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2012: 10: 258-263.
48. Yap F B-B,. An itchy erythematous temporary holiday tattoo. Tzu Chi Med J 2011: 23: 58-59.
49. Kluger N, Garat H,. Transient localized hypertrichosis on a temporary henna tattoo. Contact Dermatitis 2010: 62: 188-189.
50. Gunasti S, Aksungur V L,. Severe inflammatory and keloidal, allergic reaction due to para-phenylenediamine in temporary tattoos. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2010: 76: 165-167.
51. Craven J A,. A well-circumscribed henna tattoo hypersensitivity reaction. J Paediatr Child Health 2010: 46: 372.
52. Neri I, Giacomini F, Raone B, Patrizi A,. Generalized erythema multiforme after localized allergic dermatitis from dark henna tattoo. Pediatr Dermatol 2009: 26: 496.
53. Jovanovic D L, Slavkovic-Jovanovic M R,. Allergic contact dermatitis from temporary henna tattoo. J Dermatol 2009: 36: 63-65.
54. Sidwell R U, Francis N D, Basarab T, et al. Vesicular erythema multiforme-like reaction to paraphenylenediamine in a henna tattoo. Pediatr Dermatol 2008: 25: 201-204.
55. Gonzalo-Garijo M A, Fernandéz-Duràn D A, Pérez-Calderòn R, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis due to a temporary henna tattoo, a hair dye and a marker pen. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2008: 18: 226-227.
56. Evans C C, Fleming J D,. Images in clinical medicine. Allergic contact dermatitis from a henna tattoo. N Engl J Med 2008: 359: 627.
57. Tan E, Garioch J,. Black henna tattoos: coexisting rubber and para-phenylenediamine allergy? Clin Exp Dermatol 2007: 32: 782-783.
58. Sonnen G,. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction to a temporary tattoo. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2007: 20: 36-38.
59. Valsecchi R, Leghissa P, Di Landro A, et al. Persistent leukoderma after henna tattoo. Contact Dermatitis 2007: 56: 108-109.
60. Ramírez-Andreo A, Hernández-Gil A, Brufau C, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis to temporary henna tattoos. Actas Dermo-Sifiliogr 2007: 98: 91-95.
61. Corrente S, Moschese V, Chianca M, et al. Temporary henna tattoo is unsafe in atopic children. Acta Paediatr 2007: 96: 469-471.
62. Di Prisco M C, Puig L, Alomar A,. Contact dermatitis due to paraphenylenediamine (PPD) on a temporal tattoo with henna. Cross reaction to azoic dyes. Invest Clin 2006: 47: 295-299.
63. Stante M, Giorgini S, Lotti T,. Allergic contact dermatitis from henna temporary tattoo. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2006: 20: 484-486.
64. Rai V M, Shenoi S D,. Pseudo-tattoo dermatitis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2006: 72: 232-234.
65. Di Landro A, Valsecchi R, Marchesi L,. Allergic reaction with persistent hypopigmentation due to temporary tattoing with henna in a baby. Contact Dermatitis 2005: 52: 338-339.
66. Matulich J, Sullivan J,. A temporary henna tattoo causing hair and clothing dye allergy. Contact Dermatitis 2005: 53: 33-36.
67. Sachdev M,. Allergic hypersensitivity reactions to temporary henna tattoo: a newer emerging form of beauty contact dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005: 52 (Suppl. 1): 76.
68. Leggiadro R J, Boscamp J R, Sapadin A N,. Temporary tattoo dermatitis. J Pediatr 2003: 142: 586.
69. Boschnakow A, Treudler R, Lieps D, et al. Temporary tattooing with henna induces contact allergy to textile dyes. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2003: 1: 962-964.
70. Neri I, Guareschi E, Savoia F, Patrizi A,. Childhood allergic contact dermatitis from henna tattoo. Pediatr Dermatol 2002: 19: 503-505.
71. Schultz E, Mahler V,. Prolonged lichenoid reaction and cross-sensitivity to para-substituted amino-compounds due to temporary henna tattoo. Int J Dermatol 2002: 41: 301-303.
72. Bowling J C, Groves R,. An unexpected tattoo. Lancet 2002: 359: 649.
73. Marcoux D, Couture-Trudel P M, Riboulet-Delmas G, Sasseville D,. Sensitization to para-phenylenediamine from a streetside temporary tattoo. Pediatr Dermatol 2002: 19: 498-502.
74. Redlick F, DeKoven J,. Allergic contact dermatitis to paraphenylenediamine in hair dye after sensitization from black henna tattoos: a report of 6 cases. CMAJ 2007: 176: 445-446.
75. Kulkarni P D, Herron J B, Moores W B, Hahn H B,. What is your diagnosis? Allergic contact dermatitis to paraphenylenediamine in temporary henna tattoo. Cutis 2001: 68: 229-230.
76. Läuchli S, Lautenschlager S,. Contact dermatitis after temporary henna tattoos-an increasing phenomenon. Swiss Med Wkly 2001: 131: 199-202.
77. Di Landro A, Valsecchi R, Cainelli T,. Temporary henna tattoos: an increasing risk of contact dermatitis. Am J Contact Dermatitis 2001: 12: 186-187.
78. Thami G P, Kaur S, Kanwar A J,. Allergic contact dermatitis to henna. Allergy 2001: 56: 1013-1014.
79. Jappe U, Hausen B M, Petzoldt D,. Erythema-multiforme-like eruption and depigmentation following allergic contact dermatitis from a paint on henna tattoo, due to para-phenylenediamine contact hypersensitivity. Contact Dermatitis 2001: 45: 249-250.
80. Wöhrl S, Hemmer W, Focke M, et al. Hypopigmentation after non-permanent henna tattoo. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2001: 15: 470-472.
81. Raison-Peyron N, Meunier L, Vian L, et al. Contact dermatitis caused by labile henna skin tattoo. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2000: 127: 1083-1086.
82. Mohamed M, Nixon R,. Severe allergic contact dermatitis induced by paraphenylenediamine in paint-on temporary 'tattoos'. Australas J Dermatol 2000: 41: 168-171.
83. Le Coz C J, Lefebvre C, Keller F, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by skin painting (pseudotattooing) with black henna, a mixture of henna and p-phenylenediamine and its derivatives. Arch Dermatol 2000: 136: 1515-1517.
84. Gallo R, Ghigliotti G, Cozzani E, Balestrero S,. Contact dermatitis from para-phenylenediamine used as a skin paint: a further case. Contact Dermatitis 2000: 40: 57.
85. Lyon M A K, Shaw J C,. Allergic contact dermatitis reaction to henna. Arch Dermatol 2000: 136: 124-125.
86. Tosti A, Pazzaglia M, Corazza M, Virgili A,. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by mehindi. Contact Dermatitis 2000: 42: 356.
87. Nixon R, Orchard D,. Positive para-phenylene diamine (PPD) reactions following paint-on tattoos. Australas J Dermatol 1999: 40: 120.
88. O'Brien T J, McColl D M,. Unusual reactions to paint-on tattoos. Australas J Dermatol 1999: 40: 120.
89. Downs A M R, Kirkup M,. Minerva-photofinish. BMJ 1997: 315: 1722.
90. Turan H, Okur M, Kaya E, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis to para-phenylenediamine in a tattoo: a case report. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2013: 32: 185-187.
91. Puangpet P, White J M L, White I R, McFadden J P,. Allergic contact dermatitis by black permanent marker. Contact Dermatitis 2012: 67: 375-376.
92. Allione A, Dutto L, Castagna E, et al. Erythema multiforme caused by tattoo: a further case. Intern Emerg Med 2011: 6: 263-265.
93. Najem N, Zadeh V B,. Allergic contact dermatitis to black henna. Acta Dermatoven Alp Panonica Adriat 2011: 20: 87-88.
94. Rosmaninho A, Machado S, Amorim S, et al. Henna tattoo and Sweet's syndrome: a possible relation. Eur J Dermatol 2009: 19: 642.
95. Benomar S, Ismaili N, Rmili N, et al. Tatouage au henné noir: au-delà de l'eczéma de contact. Rev Fr Allergol 2009: 49: 376-378.
96. Uzuner N, Olmez D, Babayigit A, et al. Contact dermatitis with henna tattoos. Indian Pediatr 2009: 46: 423-424.
97. Hansen D, Voutsalath M,. Contact dermatitis from a presumed allergy to paraphenylenediamine. J Cosmet Dermatol 2009: 8: 308-311.
98. Kiec-Swierczynska M, Krecisz B, Swierczynska-Machura D,. Allergy to p-phenylenediamine from a black transferable picture tattoo: hypopigmentation and sensitization to clothing dyes in a little girl. Contact Dermatitis 2008: 58: 174-175.
99. Rudzki E, Rebandel P,. Sensitivity to paraphenylenediamine in Warsaw (Poland). Contact Dermatitis 2007: 57: 347-348.
100. Tomljanovic̈-Veselski M, Žilih-Ostojic̈ C,. Contact dermatitis to temporary tattoo. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2006: 14: 160-162.
101. Gulen F, Zeyrek D, Altinoz S, et al. Urticaria and angioneurotic edema due to the temporary henna tattoo. Minerva Pediatr 2006: 58: 583-585.
102. Urkin J,. Henna tattooing dermatitis: consider an additive as the culprit. Br J Gen Pract 2006: 56: 794-795.
103. Jung P, Sesztak-Greinecker G, Wantke F, et al. A painful experience: black henna tattoo causing severe, bullous contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2006: 54: 219-220.
104. Van den Keybus C, Morren M A, Goossens A,. Walking difficulties due to an allergic reaction to a temporary tattoo. Contact Dermatitis 2005: 53: 180-181.
105. Lim S P, Prais L, Foulds I S,. Henna tattoos for children: a potential source of para-phenylenediamine and thiuram sensitization. Br J Dermatol 2004: 151: 1271.
106. Nawaf A M, Joshi A, Nour-Eldin O,. Acute allergic contact dermatitis due to para-phenylenediamine after temporary henna painting. J Dermatol 2003: 30: 797-800.
107. Baron S, Baxter K, Wilkinson M,. Allergic contact dermatitis to henna tattoo. Arch Dis Child 2003: 88: 747.
108. Arroyo M,. Black henna tattoo reaction in a person with sulfonamide and benzocaine drug allergies. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003: 48: 301-302.
109. Van Zuuren E J, Lavrijsen A P,. Allergische reacties en hypopigmentaties na tijdelijke hennatatoeages. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2002: 146: 1332-1335.
110. Brancaccio R R, Brown L H, Chang Y T, et al. Identification and quantification of para-phenylenediamine in a temporary black henna tattoo. Am J Contact Dermat 2002: 13: 15-18.
111. Simpson-Dent S L, Hunt S H, Davison S C, Wakelin S H,. Tattoo dermatitis from primary sensitization to clothing dyes. Contact Dermatitis 2001: 45: 248.
112. Lewin P K,. Temporary henna tattoo with permanent scarification. CMAJ 1999: 160: 310.
113. Kind F, Scherer K, Bircher A J,. Contact dermatitis to para-phenylenediamine in hair dye following sensitization to black henna tattoos-an ongoing problem. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2012: 10: 572-577.
114. Demirci G T, Altunay I K, Atis G, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis mimicking angioedema due to paraphenylendiamine hypersensitivity: a case report. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2012: 31: 250-252.
115. Hink E, de Winter J P,. Hair-dye allergy: a coloured case. Eur J Pediatr 2006: 165: 195-196.
116. Søsted H, Johansen J D, Andersen K E, Menné T,. Severe allergic hair dye reactions in 8 children. Contact Dermatitis 2006: 54: 87-91.
117. Martin J A, Hughes T M, Stone N M,. 'Black henna' tattoos: an occult source of natural rubber latex allergy? Contact Dermatitis 2005: 52: 145-146.
118. Jasim Z F, Darling J R, Handley J M,. Severe allergic contact dermatitis to paraphenylene diamine in hair dye following sensitization to black henna tattoos. Contact Dermatitis 2005: 52: 116-117.
119. Saunders H, O'Brien T, Nixon R,. Textile dye allergic contact dermatitis following paraphenylenediamine sensitization from a temporary tattoo. Australas J Dermatol 2004: 45: 229-231.
120. Bhat J, Smith A G,. Xanthelasma palpebrarum following allergic contact dermatitis for para-phenylenediamine in a black eyelash tinting product. Contact Dermatitis 2003: 49: 311.
121. Castelain M,. Allergie à la PPD: une cause inhabitualle de sensibilisation. Lett GERDA 1999: 16: 57-58.
122. Hausen B M, Kaatz M, Jappe U, et al. Henna/p-Phenylendiamin- Kontaktallergie: Folgenschwere Dermatosen nach Henna-Tätowierungen. Dt Ärztebl 2001: 98: A1822-A1825.
123. Ippert U, Lessmann H, Strüber-Walter A, et al. Allergisches Kontaktekzem durch ein 'Henna-Tattoo' bei epidermaler Sensibilisierung auf p-Phenylendiamin und Hydrochinon. Allergologie 2001: 24: 261-264.
124. Hausen B M, Stephan U, Heidbreder G,. A summer holiday souvenir: p-phenylene diamine contact hypersensitivity. Akt Dermatol 2000: 26: 230-234.
125. Cesko E, Dissemond J,. First cool arm decoration, later burning skin finding. MMW Fortschr Med 2005: 147: 61.
126. Lamchahab F-Z, Guerrouj B, Benomar S, et al. De henné d'un tatouage symbolique à une vraie dermatose. Arch Pediatr 2011: 18: 653-655.
127. Bentaleb R, Zouhair K, Benchikhi H,. A black henna tattoo can cause lifelong allergy to paraphenylenediamine. Presse Med 2008: 37: 244-245.
128. Boui M, Sedrati O, Zouhair K, et al. Le tatouage au henné: d'une teinture naturelle aux eczémas de contact. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2008: 135: 895-897.
129. Mikkelsen C S, Liljefred F, Mikelsen D B,. Erythema multiforme-lignende reaktion på grund af hennatatovering. Ugeskr Laeger 2011: 173: 51-52.
130. Mikkelsen C S, Sommerlund M, Farholt S,. Picture of the month: henna tattooing. Ugeskr Laeger 2008: 170: 2349.
131. Steinkjer B, Stangeland K Z, Mikkelsen C S,. Kontaktallergi mot hennatatovering. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2011: 131: 581-582.
132. Holgert H,. Henna tattooing can be a life-long problem. Lakartidningen 2009: 106: 1669.
133. Sánchez Moya A I, Gatica M E, García Almagro D, Larralde M,. Dermatitis alérgica de contacto por tatuajes temporales de 'henna negra'. Arch Argent Pediatr 2010: 108: e96-e99.
134. Calvache Arranz R, Ruiz Sánchez A, Del Hoyo M V,. Hypopigmentation and scarring reaction caused by hypersensitivity to black henna. Med Clin (Barc) 2009: 132: 161.
135. Ciriza Barea E, Galardi Andonegui M, Garcia Figueroa B,. Reacciones a sendotatuajes de henna. Sensibilizaciõn alérgica a parafenilendiamina. An Pediatr (Barc) 2012: doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2012.03.016.
136. Hjerppe A, Hasan T,. Short time fun and long time allergic problems from henna tattoo. Duodecim 2005: 121: 1327-1329.
137. Rudzki E, Rebandel P,. Mniej typowe przypadki uczulenia na prafenylenodwuamine. [Uncommon cases of sensitivity to p-phenylenediamine.]. Przegl Dermatol (Warszawa Poland) 2006: 93: 691-693.
138. Den Ottolander J P, Greebe R J,. Een jongen met een huidafwijking na hennatatoeage. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2011: 155: A2796.
139. Van der Valk J P M, den Boer M S,. Een meisje met een gezwollen gezicht. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2012: 156: A3972.
140. Björnsson H M, Einarsdõttir A E, Clausen M V,. Allergy and skin infection after use of temporary henna tattoo-case report. Laeknabladid 2009: 95: 771-773.
141. Kligman A,. The identification of contact allergens by human assay. J Invest Dermatol 1966: 47: 393-402.
142. Basketter D A, Gerberick G F, Kimber I, et al. The local lymph node assay. Available alternative to currently accepted skin sensitization tests. Food Chem Toxicol 1996: 34: 985-997.
143. Hillen U, Jappe U, Frosch P J, et al. Late reactions to the patch-test preparations para-phenylenediamine and epoxy resin: a prospective multicenter investigation of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Br J Dermatol 2006: 154: 665-670.
144. Borrego L, Hernandez-Machin B, Gonzalez O, et al. Sensitization to para-phenylenediamine in a streetside temporary tattoo artisan. Contact Dermatitis 2005: 52: 288-289.
145. Al-Suwaidi A, Ahmed H,. Determination of para-phenylenediamine (PPD) in henna in the United Arab Emirates. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2010: 7: 1681-1693.
146. Wang P G, Krynitsky A J,. Rapid determination of para-phenylenediamine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring in henna-containing cosmetic products. J Chromatograph B 2011: 879: 1795-1801.
147. Akyüz M, Ata ş,. Determination of aromatic amines in hair dye and henna samples by ion-pair extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008: 47: 68-80.
148. Kang I J, Lee M H,. Quantification of para-phenylenediamine and heavy metals in henna dye. Contact Dermatitis 2006: 55: 26-29.
149. Avnstorp C, Rastogi S C, Menné T,. Acute fingertip dermatitis from temporary tattoo and quantitative chemical analysis of the product. Contact Dermatitis 2002: 47: 119-120.
150. Jallad K N, Espada-Jallad C,. Lead exposure from the use of Lawsonia inermis (henna) in temporary paint-on-tattooing and hair dyeing. Sci Total Environ 2008: 397: 244-250.
151. Sharma V K, Mandal S K, Sethuram G, et al. Para-phenylenediamine induced lichenoid eruption. Contact Dermatitis 1999: 41: 40-41.
152. Kaatz M, Elsner P, Bauer A,. Body-modifying concepts and dermatologic problems: tattooing and piercing. Clin Dermatol 2008: 26: 35-44.
153. Eager R P,. Atopy to henna tattoos in children. Eur J Emerg Med 2005: 12: 189-190.
154. Kluger N, Raison-Peyron N, Guillot B,. Tatouages temporaires au henné: des effets indésirables parfois graves. Presse Med 2008: 37: 1138-1142.
155. del Boz J, Martín T, Samaniego E, et al. Temporary localized hypertrichosis after henna pseudotattoo. Pediatr Dermatol 2008: 25: 274-275.
156. Durmazlar S P, Tatlican S, Eskioglu F,. Localized hypertrichosis due to temporary henna tattoos: report of three cases. J Dermatolog Treat 2009: 20: 371-373.
157. Shavit I, Hoffman Y, Shachor-Meyouhas Y, et al. Delayed hypersensitivity reaction from black henna tattoo manifesting as severe facial swelling. Am J Emerg Med 2008: 26: 515.e3-515.e4.
158. Søsted H, Hesse U, Menné T, et al. Contact dermatitis to hair dyes in an adult Danish population-an interview based study. Br J Dermatol 2005: 153: 132-135.
159. Krasteva M, Bons B, Tozer S, et al. Contact allergy to hair colouring products. The cosmetovigilance experience of 4 companies (2003-2006). Eur J Dermatol 2010: 20: 85-95.
160. DeLeo V A,. Contact allergen of the year: p-phenylenediamine. Dermatitis 2006: 17: 53-55.
161. Seidenari S, Mantovani L, Manzini B M, Pignatti M,. Cross-sensitizations between azo dyes and para-amino compounds. A study of 236 azo-dye-sensitive subjects. Contact Dermatitis 1997: 36: 91-96.
162. Goon A T, Gilmour N J, Basketter D A, et al. High frequency of simultaneous sensitivity to Disperse Orange 3 in patients with positive patch tests to para-phenylenediamine. Contact Dermatitis 2003: 48: 248-250.
163. Charles J, Bourrain J L, Tessier A, et al. Mesalazine and para-phenylenediamine allergy. Contact Dermatitis 2004: 51: 313-314.
164. Jacob S E, Zapolanski T, Chayavichitsilp P, et al. P-phenylenediamine in black henna tattoos-a practice in need of policy in children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2008: 162: 790-792.
165. Turchin I, Moreau L, Warshaw E, Sasseville D,. Cross-reactions among parabens, para-phenylenediamine, and benzocaine: a retrospective analysis of patch testing. Dermatitis 2006: 17: 192-195.
166. Spornraft-Ragaller P, Schuch A, Uter W,. Extreme patch test reactivity to p-phenylenediamine but not to other allergens in children. Contact Dermatitis 2011: 65: 220-226.
167. Ho S G, White I R, Rycroft R J, McFadden J P,. A new approach to patch testing patients with para-phenylenediamine allergy secondary to temporary black henna tattoos. Contact Dermatitis 2004: 51: 213-214.
168. Akhras V, Ostlere L,. Is patch testing for PPD routinely necessary in patients with reactions to henna tattoos? Contact Dermatitis 2005: 53: 238.
169. Temesvári E, Podányi B, Põnyai G, Németh I,. Fragrance sensitization caused by temporary henna tattoo. Contact Dermatitis 2002: 47: 240.
170. Pas-Wyroślak A, Wiszniewska M, Krecisz B, et al. Contact blepharoconjunctivitis due to black henna-a case report. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2012: 25: 196-199.
171. Broides A, Sofer S, Lazar I,. Contact dermatitis with severe scalp swelling and upper airway compromise due to black henna hair dye. Pediatr Emerg Care 2011: 27: 745-746.
172. Wolf R, Marcos B, Orion E, Matz H,. The myth of black henna. Skinmed 2006: 5: 39.
173. De Souza B, Russell P, Moir G,. Henna skin reaction. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003: 111: 2487-2488.
174. Thyssen J P, Andersen K E, Bruze M, et al. p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern Europe patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study. Contact Dermatitis 2009: 60: 314-319.
175. Almeida P J, Borrego L, Limiñana J M,. Age-related sensitization to p-phenylenediamine. Contact Dermatitis 2011: 64: 172-174.
176. Patel S, Basketter D A, Jefferies D, et al. Patch test frequency to p-phenylenediamine: follow up over the last 6 years. Contact Dermatitis 2007: 56: 35-37.
177. Laberge L L, Pratt M, Fong B, Gavigan G,. A 10-year review of p-phenylenediamine allergy and related para-amino compounds at the Ottawa Patch Test Clinic. Dermatitis 2011: 22: 332-334.
178. Bregnhøj A, Søsted H, Menné T, Johansen J D,. Exposures and reactions to allergens among hairdressing apprentices and matched controls. Contact Dermatitis 2011: 64: 85-89.
179. Hansen H S, Johansen J D, Thyssen J P, et al. Personal use of hair dyes and temporary black tattoos in Copenhagen hairdressers. Ann Occup Hyg 2010: 54: 453-458.
180. Orton D,. A UK study on the use and reported adverse reactions to hair dyes. Contact Dermatitis 2008: 58 (Suppl. 1): 27-28.
181. Mortz C G, Bindslev-Jensen C, Andersen K E,. Prevalence, incidence rates and persistence of contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis in The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study: a 15-year follow up. Br J Dermatol 2013 168: 318-325.
182. European Commission. National campaign on black henna tattoos which can cause serious health injuries, Available at: http://ec.europa.eu (last accessed 23 May 2008).
183. Søsted H, Agner T, Andersen K E, Menné T,. 55 cases of allergic reactions to hair dye: a descriptive, consumer complaint-based study. Contact Dermatitis 2002: 47: 299-303.
184. Mouzopoulos G, Tsouparopoulos V, Stamatakos M, et al. Cutaneous mercury deposits after henna dye application in the arm. Br J Dermatol 2007: 157: 394-395.
185. Mendiratta V,. Acquired leucoderma after henna tattoo in an Indian girl. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2009: 23: 582-583.
186. Hardwicke J, Azad S,. Temporary henna tattooing in siblings-an unusual chemical burn. Burns 2006: 32: 1064-1065.
187. De Groot A C, Weyland J W, Nater J P,. Unwanted Effects of Cosmetics and Drugs Used in Dermatology, 3rd edition: Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1994: pp. 240-241.
188. D'Arcy P F,. Fatalities with the use of henna dye. Pharmacy Int 1982: 3: 217-218.
189. Sir Hashim M, Hamza Y O, Yahia B, et al. Poisoning from henna dyes and para-phenylenediamine mixtures in children in Khartoum. Ann Trop Paediatr 1992: 12: 3-6.
190. Shalaby S A, Elmasry M K, Abd-Elrahman A E, et al. Clinical profile of acute paraphenylenediamine intoxication in Egypt. Toxicol Ind Health 2010: 26: 81-87.
191. Abdulla K, Davidson N,. A woman who collapsed after painting her soles. Lancet 1996: 348: 658.
192. Brown J H, McGeown M G, Conway B, et al. Chronic renal failure associated with topical application of paraphenylenediamine. Br Med J 1987: 294: 155.
193. Jacob S E, Brod B A,. Paraphenylenediamine in black henna tattoo. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2011: 4: 46-47.