Identifying the types of major El Niño events since 1870

International Journal of Climatology

Volumn 33, Issue 8, 2013, Pages 2105-2112

  Yu, Jin Yi ^a   Kim, Seon Tae ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Central Pacific El Ni o; Eastern Pacific El Ni o; Identifying El Ni o types; Pattern correlation method

Indexed keywords

19TH CENTURY; 20TH CENTURY; CLIMATE IMPACTS; IDENTIFICATION METHOD; MIXED TYPE; PATTERN CORRELATION; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE (SST);

ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE;

CORRELATION METHODS;

CLIMATE EFFECT; CORRELATION; EL NINO; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE;

EID: 84879208510     PISSN: 08998418     EISSN: 10970088     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/joc.3575     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Ashok K, Behera S, Rao AS, Weng H, Yamagata T. 2007. El Niño Modoki and its teleconnection. Journal of Geophysical Research 112: C11007, DOI: 10.1029/2006JC003798.
2. Guan B, Nigam S. 2008. Pacific sea surface temperatures in the twentieth century: an evolution-centric analysis of variability and trend. Journal of Climate 21: 2790-2809.
3. Kao H-Y, Yu J-Y. 2009. Contrasting eastern-Pacific and central-Pacific types of El Niño. Journal of Climate 22: 615-632.
4. Kaplan A, Cane MA, Kushnir Y, Clement AC, Blumenthal MB, Rajagopalan B. 1998. Analyses of global sea surface temperature 1856-1991. Journal of Geophysical Research 103: 18, 567-18, 589.
5. Kug J-S, Jin F-F, An S-I. 2009. Two types of El Niño events: Cold tongue El Niño and warm pool El Niño. Journal of Climate 22: 1499-1515.
6. Larkin NK, Harrison DE. 2005. On the definition of El Niño and associated seasonal average U.S. weather anomalies. Geophysical Research Letters 32: L13705, DOI: 10.1029/2005GL022738.
7. Lee T, McPhaden MJ. 2010. Increasing intensity of El Niño in the central-equatorial Pacific. Geophysical Research Letters 37: L14603, DOI: 10.1029/2010GL044007.
8. McPhaden MJ, Lee T, McClurg D. 2011. El Niño and its relationship to changing background conditions in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters 38: L15709, DOI: 10.1029/2011GL048275.
9. Newman M, Shin S-I, Alexander MA. 2011. Natural variation in ENSO flavors. Geophysical Research Letters 38: L14705, DOI: 10.1029/2011GL047658.
10. Rasmusson EM, Carpenter TH. 1982. Variations in tropical sea surface temperature and surface wind fields associated with the Southern Oscillation/El Niño. Monthly Weather Review 110: 354-384.
11. Rayner NA, Parker DE, Horton EB, Folland CK, Alexander LV, Rowell DP, Kent EC, Kaplan A. 2003. Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century. Journal of Geophysical Research 108: 4407, DOI: 10.1029/2002JD002670.
12. Ren H-L, Jin F-F. 2011. Niño indices for two types of ENSO. Geophysical Research Letters 38: L04704, DOI: 10.1029/2010GL046031.
13. Smith TM, Reynolds RW, Peterson TC, Lawrimore J. 2008. Improvements to NOAA's historical merged land-ocean surface temperature analysis (1880-2006). Journal of Climate 21: 2283-2296.
14. Takahashi K, Montecinos A, Goubanova K, Dewitte B. 2011. ENSO regimes: reinterpreting the canonical and Modoki El Niño. Geophysical Research Letters 38: L10704, DOI: 10.1029/2011GL047364.
15. Trenberth KE, Stepaniak DP. 2001. Indices of El Niño evolution. Journal of Climate 14: 1697-1701.
16. Yeh SW, Kug JS, Dewitte B, Kwon M-H, Kirtman BP, Jin F-F. 2009. El Niño in a changing climate. Nature 461: 511-514.
17. Yu J-Y, Kao H-Y. 2007. Decadal changes of ENSO persistence barrier in SST and ocean heat content indices: 1958-2001. Journal of Geophysical Research 112: D13106, DOI: 10.1029/200JD007654.
18. Yu J-Y, Kim ST. 2010. Three evolution patterns of central-Pacific El Niño. Geophysical Research Letters 37: L08706, DOI: 10.1029/2010GL042810.
19. Yu J-Y, Kao H-Y, Lee T. 2010. Subtropics-related interannual sea surface temperature variability in the equatorial central Pacific. Journal of Climate 23: 2869-2884.
20. Yu J-Y, Kao H-Y, Lee T, Kim ST. 2011. Subsurface ocean temperature indices for Central-Pacific and Eastern-Pacific types of El Niño and La Niña events. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 103: 337-344, DOI: 10.1007/s00704-010-0307-6.