Factors associated with long-stay status in patients with schizophrenia: An analysis of national databases covering the entire Korean population

International Journal of Social Psychiatry

Volumn 59, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 207-216

  Chung, Woojin ^a,b   Chang, Hoo Sun ^a,b   Oh, Sun Min ^b   Yoon, Chung Won ^c  

^a Yonsei University   (South Korea)

^b Yonsei University College of Medicine   (South Korea)

^c Health Insurance Review Agency   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Length of stay; Multi level model; Schizophrenia; South Korea

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ARTICLE; CHILD; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; FACTUAL DATABASE; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HUMAN; LENGTH OF STAY; MENTAL HOSPITAL; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK; RISK FACTOR; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEX RATIO; SOUTH KOREA; STATISTICS; YOUNG ADULT; PSYCHOLOGY; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; CHILD; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DATABASES, FACTUAL; HOSPITALS, PSYCHIATRIC; HUMANS; INPATIENTS; LENGTH OF STAY; MIDDLE AGED; ODDS RATIO; REPUBLIC OF KOREA; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEX DISTRIBUTION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84879206506     PISSN: 00207640     EISSN: 17412854     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0020764011431794     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Angermeyer, M.C., Kuhn, L., & Goldstein, J.M. (1990). Gender and the course of schizophrenia: Differences in treated outcomes. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 16, 293-307.
2. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2003). Australian hospital statistics 2001-2002 (Health Services No. AIHW cat. HSE25). Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.
3. Bressi, S.K., Marcus, S.C., & Solomon, P.L. (2006). The impact of psychiatric comorbidity on general hospital length of stay. Psychiatric Quarterly, 77, 203-209.
4. Capdevielle, D., Boulenger, J.P., Villebrun, D., & Ritchie, K. (2009). Schizophrenic patients' length of stay: Mental health care implication and medicoeconomic consequences. Encéphale, 35, 394-399 [in French].
5. Chae, H.C., Lee, S.H., Kim, T.H., Yang, W.B., & Kim, C.K. (2008). The human rights of psychiatric inpatient. Segye. Retrieved from http://www.segye.com/Articles/News/Society/Article.asp?aid=20080615001311& ctg1=01&ctg2=00&subctg1=01&subctg2=00&cid=0101080100000 [in Korean].
6. Chang, S.M., Cho, S.J., Jeon, H.J., Hahm, B.J., Lee, H.J., Park, J.I., & Cho, M. J. (2008). Economic burden of schizophrenia in South Korea. Journal of Korean Medical Science, 23, 167-175.
7. Chung, W. (2010). Psychiatric inpatient expenditures and public health insurance programmes: Analysis of a national database covering the entire South Korean population. BMC Health Services Research, 10, 263, DOI:10.1186/1472-6963- 10-263.
8. Chung, W., Cho, W.H., & Yoon, C.W. (2009). The influence of institutional characteristics on length of stay for psychiatric patients: A national database study in South Korea. Social Science and Medicine, 68, 1137-1144.
9. Compton, M.T., Craw, J., & Rudisch, B.E. (2006). Determinants of inpatient psychiatric length of stay in an urban county hospital. Psychiatric Quarterly, 77, 173-188.
10. Cyr, J.J., & Haley, G.A. (1983). Use of demographic and clinical characteristics in predicting length of psychiatric hospital stay: A final evaluation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 637-640.
11. DeFrances, C.J., Hall, M.J., & Podgornik, M.N. (2005). 2003 national hospital discharge survey (Advanced data from vital and health statistics No. 359). Hyattsville, MD: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics.
12. Department of Health. (2003). Hospital episode statistics: Explanatory notes, 2002-03 Leeds: Department of Health.
13. Fisher, W.H., Barreira, P.J., Lincoln, A.K., Simon, L.J., White, A.W., Roy-Bujnowski, K., & Sudders, M. (2001). Insurance status and length of stay for involuntarily hospitalized patients. Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research, 28, 334-346.
14. Frank, R.G., & Lave, J.R. (1986). The effect of benefit design on the length of stay of Medicaid psychiatric patients. Journal of Human Resources, 21, 321-337.
15. Furlanetto, L.M., da Silva, R.V., & Bueno, J.R. (2003). The impact of psychiatric comorbidity on length of stay of medical inpatients. General Hospital Psychiatry, 25, 14-19.
16. Gifford, E., & Foster, E.M. (2008). Provider-level effects on psychiatric inpatient length of stay for youth with mental health and substance abuse disorders. Medical Care, 46, 240-246.
17. Glick, I.D., Hargreaves, W.A., Raskin, M., & Kutner, S.J. (1975). Short versus long hospitalization: A prospective controlled study. II. Results for schizophrenic inpatients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 132, 385-390.
18. Greene, W.H. (2003). Econometric analysis, 5th edn. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
19. Harman, J.S., Cuffel, B.J., & Kelleher, K.J. (2004). Profiling hospitals for length of stay for treatment of psychiatric disorders. Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research, 31, 66-74.
20. Herz, M.I., Endicott, J., & Spitzer, R.L. (1975). Brief hospitalization of patients with families: Initial results. American Journal of Psychiatry, 132, 413-418.
21. Imai, H., Hosomi, J., Nakao, H., Tsukino, H., Katoh, T., Itoh, T., & Yoshida, T. (2005). Characteristics of psychiatric hospitals associated with length of stay in Japan. Health Policy, 74, 115-121.
22. Jakubaschk, J., Waldvogel, D., & Wurmle, O. (1993). Differences between long-stay and short-stay inpatients and estimation of length of stay: A prospective study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 28, 84-90.
23. Johnstone, P., & Zolese, G. (1999). Systematic review of the effectiveness of planned short hospital stays for mental health care. British Medical Journal, 318, 1387-1390.
24. Kang, I.O., Lee, S.Y., Kim, S.Y., & Park, C.Y. (2007). Economic cost of dementia patients according to the limitation of the activities of daily living in Korea. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22, 675-681.
25. Kim, C.N., & Seo, M.K. (2004). A study on prejudice and discrimination against the mentally ill. Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 9, 589-607.
26. Korea Ministry of Government Legislation. (2010). Medical Care Law. Chapter I. General principles. Article 3. Seoul: Medical Care Institutions: Ministry of Health and Welfare.
27. Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare & National Health Insurance Corporation. (2007). 2006 national health insurance statistical yearbook. Seoul: Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare & National Health Insurance Corporation.
28. Kroneman, M., & Siegers, J.J. (2004). The effect of hospital bed reduction on the use of beds: A comparative study of 10 European countries. Social Science and Medicine, 59, 1731-1740.
29. Kruk, M.E., Rockers, P.C., Mbaruku, G., Paczkowski, M.M., & Galea, S. (2010). Community and health system factors associated with facility delivery in rural Tanzania: A multilevel analysis. Health Policy, 97, 209-216.
30. Kuss, O. (2002). How to use SAS for logistic regression with correlated data. SAS Users Group 27th Annual SAS Users Group International Conference, Paper 261-327.
31. Lee, D.H., Park, E.-C., Nam, C.M., Lee, S.G., Lee, D.H., &Yu, S.H. (2003). Comparing difference of volume of psychiatric treatments between the patient with health insurance and those with medical assistance for patients of Korean psychiatric hospitals. Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine, 36, 33-38.
32. Lee, Y.M., Kim, J.H., Lee, H.Y., Jeong, Y.K., Lim, K.Y., Lee, J.H., & Rhee, C.S. (1998). Length of stay in the mental health facilities in Korea. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 37, 83-94.
33. Leff, J. & Szmidla, A. (2002). Evaluation of a special rehabilitation programme for patients who are difficult to place. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 37, 532-536.
34. Leff, J., Trieman, N., & Gooch, C. (1996). Team for the Assessment of Psychiatric Services (TAPS) Project 33: Prospective follow-up study of long-stay patients discharged from two psychiatric hospitals. American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 1318-1324.
35. Lelliott, P., Wing, J., & Clifford, P. (1994). A national audit of new long-stay psychiatric patients. I: Method and description of the cohort. British Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 160-169.
36. Lyketsos, C.G., Dunn, G., Kaminsky, M.J., & Breakey, W.R. (2002). Medical comorbidity in psychiatric inpatients: Relation to clinical outcomes and hospital length of stay. Psychosomatics, 43, 24-30.
37. Lyles, C.A., & Young, J.P. (1987). Hospital ownership and psychiatric services. Implications of ownership and reimbursement changes on lengths of stay and availability of services. Journal of Medical Systems, 11, 45-57.
38. McIvor, R. (1998). The community treatment order: Clinical and ethical issues. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 32, 223-228.
39. McLay, R.N., Daylo, A., & Hammer, P.S. (2005). Predictors of length of stay in a psychiatric ward serving active duty military and civilian patients. Military Medicine, 170, 219-222.
40. Ministry of Health. (2008). Changes in the medical fee schedule of psychiatric cares for Medical Care Aid beneficiaries. Seoul: Ministry of Health.
41. Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2005). Medical expenses of National Medical Care Aid beneficiaries and suggestions for improvement of reimbursement. Seoul: Ministry of Health and Welfare.
42. Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2006). The epidemiological survey of psychiatric illnesses in Korea. Seoul: Ministry of Health and Welfare.
43. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development & CREDES. (2007). OECD health data 2007: Statistics and indicators for 30 countries. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
44. Parker, S., & Knoll, J.L., III. (1990). Partial hospitalization: An update. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 156-160.
45. Pinto-Foltz, M.D., & Logsdon, M.C. (2008). Stigma towards mental illness: A concept analysis using postpartum depression as an exemplar. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 29, 21-36.
46. Rhyu, S.M. (2006). National report for the medical aid system change. Seoul: Ministry of Health and Welfare.
47. Ritchie, J.H., Dick, D., & Lingham, R. (1994). Report of the inquiry into the care and treatment of Christopher Clunis. London: HMSO.
48. Segal, S.P., & Burgess, P. (2009). Preventing psychiatric hospitalization and involuntary outpatient commitment. Social Work in Health Care, 48, 232-242.
49. Sellwood, W., & Tarrier, N. (1994). Demographic factors associated with extreme non-compliance in schizophrenia. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 29, 172-177.
50. Smith, T.F., & Hirdes, J.P. (2009). Predicting social isolation among geriatric psychiatry patients. International Psychogeriatrics, 21, 50-59.
51. Snijders, T.A.B., & Bosker, R.J. (1999). Multilevel analysis. London: SAGE Publications.
52. Suh, T.W., Cho, M.J., Kim, J.H., Kwak, Y.S., Kim, K.K., Bae, A. & Kim, D.H. (2006). 2005 The Central Mental Health Supporting Committee report. Seoul: Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs.
53. Trieman, N., & Leff, J. (2002). Long-term outcome of long-stay psychiatric in-patients considered unsuitable to live in the community. TAPS Project 44. British Journal of Psychiatry, 181, 428-432.
54. World Health Organization & Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2007). WHO-AIMS report on mental health system in republic of Korea. Gwacheon City: World Health Organization & Ministry of Health and Affairs.
55. Worthington, N.L., & Piro, P.A. (1982). The effects of hospital rate-setting programs on volumes of hospital services: A preliminary analysis. Health Care Financing Review, 4, 47-66.
56. Zilber, N., Popper, M., & Lerner, Y. (1990). Patterns and correlates of psychiatric hospitalization in a nationwide sample. II. Correlates of length of hospitalization and length of stay out of hospital. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 25, 144-148.
57. Zippay, A. L. (2007). Psychiatric residences: Notification, NIMBY, and neighborhood relations. Psychiatric Services, 58, 109-113.