Analysis of writing inks on paper using direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry

Forensic Science International

Volumn 231, Issue 1-3, 2013, Pages 73-81

  Jones, Roger W ^a   McClelland, John F ^a  

^a IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Direct analysis in real time; Forensic science; Ink; Ink identification; Mass spectrometry; Questioned documents

Indexed keywords

INK;

ACCURACY; ARTICLE; DIRECT ANALYSIS IN REAL TIME MASS SPECTROMETRY; DOCUMENT EXAMINATION; FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION; MASS SPECTROMETRY; PAPER; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 84878821235     PISSN: 03790738     EISSN: 18726283     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.04.016     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Brunelle R.L. Questioned document examination. Forensic Science Handbook 2002, vol. 1:697-744. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. 2nd edition.
2. Brunelle R.L. Ink analysis. Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences 2000, vol. 2:591-597. Academic Press, New York.
3. ASTM Standard E 1789-04 Guide for writing ink identification. Annual Book of ASTM Standards 2008, vol. 14.02:558-563. ASTM International, West Conshohoken, PA.
4. ASTM Standard E 1422-05 Standard guide for test methods for forensic writing ink comparison. Annual Book of ASTM Standards 2008, vol. 14.02:399-406. ASTM International, West Conshohoken, PA.
5. Crown D.A., Crim D., Brunelle R.L., Cantu A.A. The parameters of ballpen ink examinations. J. Forensic Sci. 1976, 21:917-922.
6. Cantu A.A. Analytical methods for detecting fraudulent documents. Anal. Chem. 1991, 63:847A-854A.
7. Causin V., Casamassima R., Marega C., Maida P., Schiavone S., Marigo A., Villari A. The discrimination potential of ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, thin layer chromatography, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the forensic analysis of black and blue ballpoint inks. J. Forensic Sci. 2008, 53:1468-1473.
8. Neumann C., Margot P. New perspectives in the use of ink evidence in forensic science: part I. Development of a quality assurance process for forensic ink analysis by HPTLC. Forensic Sci. Int. 2009, 185:29-37.
9. Neumann C., Margot P. New perspectives in the use of ink evidence in forensic science: part II. Development and testing of mathematical algorithms for the automatic comparison of ink samples analysed by HPTLC. Forensic Sci. Int. 2009, 185:38-50.
10. Somerford A.W. Comparison of writing inks by paper chromatography. J. Crim. Law Criminol. Police Sci. 1952, 43:124-127.
11. Kelly J.D., Cantu A.A. Proposed standard methods for ink identification. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 1975, 58:122-125.
12. Neumann C., Ramotowski R., Genessay T. Forensic examination of ink by high-performance thin layer chromatography-the United States Secret Service Digital Ink Library. J. Chromatogr. A 2011, 1218:2793-2811.
13. White P.C., Wheals B.B. Use of a rotating disc multiwavelength detector operating in the visible region of the spectrum for monitoring ball pen inks separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. 1984, 303:211-216.
14. Wang X.-F., Yu J., Xie M.-X., Yao Y.-T., Han J. Identification and dating of the fountain pen ink entries on documents by ion-pairing high-performance liquid chromatography. Forensic Sci. Int. 2008, 180:43-49.
15. Aginsky V. Document analysis. Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences 2000, vol. 2:566-570. Academic Press, New York.
16. Rohde E., McManus A.C., Vogt C., Heineman W.R. Separation and comparison of fountain pen inks by capillary zone electrophoresis. J. Forensic Sci. 1997, 42:1004-1011.
17. Polk D.E., Attard A.E., Giessen B.C. Forensic characterization of papers. 2. Determination of batch differences by scanning electron-microscopic elemental analysis of inorganic components. J. Forensic Sci. 1977, 22:524-533.
18. Zieba-Palus J., Kunicki M. Application of the micro-FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and XRF method examination of inks. Forensic Sci. Int. 2006, 158:164-172.
19. Dhara S., Misra N.L., Maind S.D., Kumar S.A., Chattopadhyay N., Aggarwal S.K. Forensic application of total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for elemental characterization of ink samples. Spectrochim. Acta B 2010, 65:167-170.
20. Andermann T. Raman spectroscopy of ink on paper. Probl. Forensic Sci. 2001, 46:335-344.
21. Seifar R.M., Verheul J.M., Ariese F., Brinkman U.A.T., Gooijer C. Applicability of surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering for the direct discrimination of ballpoint pen inks. Analyst 2001, 126:1418-1422.
22. Geiman I., Leona M., Lombardi J.R. Application of Raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman scattering to the analysis of synthetic dyes found in ballpoint pen inks. J. Forensic Sci. 2009, 54:947-952.
23. Merrill R.A., Bartick E.G. Analysis of ballpoint pen inks by diffuse reflectance infrared spectrometry. J. Forensic Sci. 1992, 37:528-541.
24. Bartick E.G., Tungol M.W., Reffner J.A. A new approach to forensic analysis with infrared microscopy: internal reflection spectroscopy. Anal. Chim. Acta 1994, 288:35-42.
25. Cantu A.A. A sketch of analytical methods for document dating: part I. The static approach: determining age independent analytical profiles. Int. J. Forensic Doc. Exam. 1995, 1:40-51.
26. Cody R.B., Laramée J.A., Durst H.D. Versatile new ion source for the analysis of materials in open air under ambient conditions. Anal. Chem. 2005, 77:2297-2302.
27. Jones R.W., Cody R.B., McClelland J.F. Differentiating writing inks using direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry. J. Forensic Sci. 2006, 51:915-918.
28. Sakayanagi M., Komuro J., Konda Y., Watanabe K., Harigaya Y. Analysis of ballpoint pen inks by field desorption mass spectrometry. J. Forensic Sci. 1999, 44:1204-1214.
29. Ng L.-K., Lafontaine P., Brazeau L. Ballpoint pen inks: Characterization by positive and negative ion-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for the forensic examination of writing inks. J. Forensic Sci. 2002, 47:1238-1247.
30. Williams M.R., Moody C., Arceneaux L.-A., Rinke C., White K., Sigman M.E. Analysis of black writing ink by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Forensic Sci. Int. 2009, 191:97-103.
31. Grim D.M., Siegel J., Allison J. Evaluation of desorption/ionization mass spectrometric methods in the forensic applications of the analysis of inks on paper. J. Forensic Sci. 2001, 46:1411-1420.
32. Grim D.M., Siegel J., Allison J. Evaluation of laser desorption mass spectrometry and UV accelerated aging of dyes on paper as tools for the evaluation of a questioned document. J. Forensic Sci. 2002, 47:1265-1273.
33. Grim D.M., Siegel J., Allison J. Does ink age inside of a pen cartridge?. J. Forensic Sci. 2002, 47:1294-1297.
34. Dunn J.D., Siegel J.A., Allison J. Photodegradation and laser desorption mass spectrometry for the characterization of dyes used in red pen inks. J. Forensic Sci. 2003, 48:652-657.
35. Weyermann C., Kirsch D., Costa-Vera C., Spengler B. Photofading of ballpoint dyes studied on paper by LDI and MALDI MS. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2006, 17:297-306.
36. Weyermann C., Marquis R., Mazzella W., Spengler B. Differentiation of blue ballpoint pen inks by laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry and high-performance thin-layer chromatography. J. Forensic Sci. 2007, 52:216-220.
37. Allison J. Ink analysis using UV laser desorption mass spectrometry. Forensic Analysis on the Cutting Edge: New Methods for Trace Evidence Analysis 2007, 57-79. Wiley, New York. R.D. Blackledge (Ed.).
38. Dunn J.D., Allison J. The detection of multiply charged dyes using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for the forensic examination of pen ink dyes directly from paper. J. Forensic Sci. 2007, 52:1205-1211.
39. He A., Karpuzov D., Xu S. Ink identification by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy. Surf. Interface Anal. 2006, 38:854-858.
40. Coumbaros J., Kirkbride K.P., Klass G., Skinner W. Application of time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry to the in situ analysis of ballpoint pen inks on paper. Forensic Sci. Int. 2009, 193:42-46.
41. Denman J.A., Skinner W.M., Kirkbride K.P., Kempson I.M. Organic and inorganic discrimination of ballpoint pen inks by ToF-SIMS and multivariate statistics. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2010, 256:2155-2163.
42. Ifa D.R., Gumaelius L.M., Eberlin L.S., Manicke N.E., Cooks R.G. Forensic analysis of inks by imaging desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry. Analyst 2007, 132:461-467.
43. Fernández F.M., Cody R.B., Green M.D., Hampton C.Y., McGready R., Sengaloundeth S., White N.J., Newton P.N. Characterization of solid counterfeit drug samples by desorption electrospray ionization and direct-analysis-in-real-time coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry. ChemMedChem. 2006, 7:702-705.
44. Newton P.N., Hampton C.Y., Alter-Hall K., Teerwarakulpana T., Prakongpan S., Ruangveerayuth R., White N.J., Day N.P.J., Tudino M.B., Mancuso N., Fernández F.M. Characterization of "Yaa Chud" medicine on the Thailand-Myanmar border: Selecting for drug-resistant malaria and threatening public health. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2008, 79:662-669.
45. Laramée J.A., Cody R.B., Nilles J.M., Durst H.D. Forensic application of DART™ (direct analysis in real time) mass spectrometry. Forensic Analysis on the Cutting Edge: New Methods for Trace Evidence Analysis 2007, 175-195. Wiley, New York. R.D. Blackledge (Ed.).
46. Ropero-Miller J.D., Stout P.R., Bynum N.D., Casale J.F. Comparison of the novel direct analysis in real time time-of-flight mass spectrometer (AccuTOF-DART™) and signature analysis for the identification of constituents of refined illicit cocaine. Microgram J. 2007, 5:34-40.
47. Bennett M.J., Steiner R.R. Detection of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid in various drink matrices via AccuTOF-DART. J. Forensic Sci. 2009, 54:370-375.
48. Steiner R.R., Larson R.L. Validation of the direct analysis in real time source for use in forensic drug screening. J. Forensic Sci. 2009, 54:617-622.
49. Jagerdeo E., Abdel-Rehim M. Screening of cocaine and its metabolites in human urine samples by direct analysis in real-time source coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry after online preconcentration utilizing microextraction by packed sorbent. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2009, 20:891-899.
50. Yu S., Crawford E., Tice J., Musselman B., Wu J.-T. Bioanalysis without sample cleanup or chromatography: the evaluation and initial implementation of direct analysis in real time ionization mass spectrometry for the quantification of drugs in biological matrixes. Anal. Chem. 2009, 81:193-202.
51. Coates C.M., Coticone S., Barreto P.D., Cobb A.E., Cody R.B., Barreto J.C. Flammable solvent detection directly from common household materials yields differential results: An application of direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry. J. Forensic Ident. 2008, 58:624-631.
52. LaPorte G.M., Wilson J.D., Cantu A.A., Mancke S.A., Fortunato S.L. The identification of 2-phenoxyethanol in ballpoint inks using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-relevance to ink dating. J. Forensic Sci. 2004, 49:155-159.
53. Pachuta S.J., Staral J.S. Nondestructive analysis of colorants on paper by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 1994, 66:276-284.
54. Bodziak W.J. Use of leuco crystal violet to enhance shoe prints in blood. Forensic Sci. Int. 1996, 82:45-52.
55. Lociciro S., Dujourdy L., Mazzella W., Margot P., Lock E. Dynamic of the ageing of ballpoint pen inks: quantification of phenoxyethanol by GC-MS. Sci. Justice 2004, 44:165-171.
56. Cantú A.A. A study of the evaporation of a solvent from a solution-application to writing ink aging. Forensic Sci. Int. 2012, 219:119-128.