What works in secondary schools? A systematic review of classroom-based body image programs

Body Image

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 271-281

  Yager, Zali ^a,b   Diedrichs, Phillippa C ^b   Ricciardelli, Lina A ^c   Halliwell, Emma ^b  

^a LA TROBE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST OF ENGLAND   (United Kingdom)

^c DEAKIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Adolescents; Body image; Intervention; Prevention; Schools

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; BODY IMAGE; CHILD; EATING DISORDER; HEALTH EDUCATION; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; REVIEW; SCHOOL; STUDENT;

ADOLESCENT; BODY IMAGE; CHILD; EATING DISORDERS; HEALTH EDUCATION; HUMANS; SCHOOLS; STUDENTS;

EID: 84878539261     PISSN: 17401445     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.04.001     Document Type: Review

References (117)

1. Abascal L.B., Bruning Brown J., Winzelberg A., Dev P., Taylor C.B. Combining universal and targeted prevention for school-based eating disorder programs. International Journal of Clinical Practice 2004, 35:1-9.
2. All Party Parliamentary Group on Body Image. (2012). Reflections on body image. Retrieved from All Party Parliamentary Group on Body Image website: http://www.ymca.co.uk/bodyimage/report.
3. Austin S.B. Prevention research in eating disorders: Theory and new directions. Psychological Medicine 2000, 30:1249-1262.
4. Austin S.B., Field A.E., Wiccha J., Peterson K.E., Gortmaker S.L. The impact of school-based obesity prevention trial on disordered weight-control behaviors in early adolescent girls. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 2005, 159:225-230.
5. Austin S.B., Kim J., Wiecha J., Troped P.J., Feldman H.A., Peterson K.E. School-based overweight preventive intervention lowers incidence of disordered weight-control behaviors in early adolescent girls. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 2007, 161:865-869.
6. Beck A.T., Ward C., Mendelson M., Mock J., Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 1961, 4:61-71.
7. Becker C.B., Ciao A.C., Smith L.M. Moving from efficacy to effectiveness in eating disorders prevention: The sorority body image program. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 2008, 15:18-27.
8. Becker, L. (1998). Effect Sizes Calculator. Retrieved from http://www.uccs.edu/~lbecker/.
9. Bruning Brown J., Winzelberg A.J., Abascal L.B., Taylor B.C. An evaluation of an internet-delivered eating disorder prevention program for adolescents and their parents. Journal of Adolescent Health 2004, 35:290-296.
10. Burgess G., Grogan S., Burwitz L. Effects of a 6-week aerobic dance intervention on body image and physical self-perceptions in adolescent girls. Body Image 2006, 3:57-66.
11. Cash, T. F. (2000). The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire users' manual (3rd Revision). Available from the author at http://www.body-images.com/.
12. Cash T.F. Body image: Past, present and future (Editorial). Body Image 2004, 1:1-5.
13. Cattel R.B., Gibbons B.D. Personality factor structure of the combined Guilford and Cattel personality questionnaires. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1968, 9:107-120.
14. Cohen J.W. Statistical power for the social sciences 1988, Laurence Erlbaum and Associates, Hillsdale, NJ.
15. Dalle Grave R., De Luca L., Campello G. Middle school primary prevention program for eating disorders: A controlled study with a twelve-month follow-up. Eating Disorders 2001, 9:327-337.
16. Dunkley T.J., Wertheim E., Paxton S. Examination of a model of multiple sociocultural influences on adolescent girls' body dissatisfaction and dietary restraint. Adolescence 2001, 29:85-89.
17. Durkin S., Paxton S. Predictors of vulnerability to reduced body image satisfaction and psychological wellbeing in response to exposure to idealized female media images in adolescent girls. Journal of Psychiatric Research 2002, 53:995-1005.
18. Fairburn C., Cooper Z. The eating disorder examination. Binge eating: Nature, assessment and treatment 1993, 317-356. The Guilford Press, New York. 12th ed. C. Fairburn, G.T. Wilson (Eds.).
19. Favaro A., Zanetti T., Huon G.F., Santonastaso P. Engaging teachers in an eating disorder preventive intervention. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2005, 38:73-77.
20. Fingeret M.C., Warren C.S., Cepeda-Benito C.S., Gleaves D.S. Eating disorder prevention research: A meta analysis. Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention 2006, 14:191-213.
21. Flay B.R., Biglan A., Boruch R.F., Gonzalez Castro F., Gottfredson D., Kellam S., et al. Standards of effectiveness: Criteria for efficacy, effectivenesss and dissemination. Prevention Science 2005, 6:151-175.
22. Garner D.M. Eating disorder inventory-2. Professional manual 1991, Psychological Assessment Resources, Odessa, Florida.
23. Garner D.M., Garfinkel P.E. The eating attitudes test: An index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychological Medicine 1979, 9:273-279.
24. Garner D.M., Olmstead M.P., Polivy J. The eating disorder inventory: A measure of cognitive-behavioural dimensions of anorexia nervosa and bulimia. Anorexia Nervosa: Recent developments in research 1983, LEA, New York. A. Liss (Ed.).
25. Gonzalez M., Penelo E., Gutierrez T. Disordered eating prevention programme in schools: A 30-month follow-up. European Eating Disorders Review 2011, 19:349-356.
26. Harter S. The percieved competence scale for children. Child Development 1982, 53:87-97.
27. Harter S. Manual for the Self Perception Profile 1986, University of Denver, Denver.
28. Heinberg L., Thompson J.K., Stormer S. Development and validation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire. International Journal of Eating Disorders 1995, 17:81-90.
29. Heinicke B.E., Paxton S., McLean S., Wertheim E. Internet-delivered targeted group intervention for body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in adolescent girls: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 2007, 35:379-391.
30. Heinze V., Wertheim E., Kashima Y. An evaluation of the importance of message source and age of recipient in a primary prevention program for eating disorders. Eating Disorders 2000, 8:131-145.
31. Higgins J.P., Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews 2009, The Cochrane Collaboration, London.
32. Holt K.E., Ricciardelli L.A. Weight concerns among elementary school children: A review of prevention programs. Body Image 2008, 5:233-243.
33. Huon G.F., Braganza C., Brown L., Ritchie J., Roncolato W. Reflections on prevention in dieting-induced disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders 1998, 23:455-458.
34. Jones C.D. Body image among adolescent girls and boys: A longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology 2004, 40:823-835.
35. Killen J., Hayward C., Wilson D., Taylor C.B., Hammer L.D., Litt I., Haydel F. Factors associated with eating disorder symptoms in a community sample of 6th and 7th grade girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders 1994, 15:357-367.
36. Kovacs M. Children's Depression Inventory Manual 1992, Multi-Health Systems, New York.
37. Larimer M.E., Cronce J.M. Identification, prevention and treatment revisited: Individual-focused college drinking prevention strategies 1999-2006. Addictive Behaviors 2007, 32:2439-2468.
38. Levine M., Smolak L. The prevention of eating problems and eating disorders: Theory, research and practice 2006, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ.
39. Littleton H.L., Ollendick T. Negative body image and disordered eating behavior in children and adolescents: What places youth at risk and how can these problems be prevented?. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 2003, 6:51-66.
40. Lopez-Guimera G., Sanchez-Carracedo D., Fauquet J., Portell M., Raich R.M. Impact of a school-based disordered eating prevention program in adolescent girls: General and specific effects depending on adherence to interactive activities. The Spanish Journal of Psychology 2011, 14:293-303.
41. Lovibond S.H., Lovibond P.F. Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 1995, Psychological Foundation of Australia, Sydney.
42. Marchland E., Stice E., Rohde P., Becker C. Moving from efficacy to effectiveness trials in prevention research. Behaviour Research and Therapy 2011, 49:32-41.
43. Marsh H.W. Self Description Questionnaire (SDQ)II-A theoretical and empirical basis for the measurement of multiple dimensions of adolescent self-concept. A test manual and research monograph 1992, University of Western Sydney, MacArthur, NSW.
44. Martz D.M., Bazzini D.G. Eating disorder prevention programming may be failing: Evaluation of 2 one-shot programs. Journal of College Student Development 1999, 40:32-42.
45. McCabe M.P., Ricciardelli L.A. Body image and body change techniques among young adolescent boys. European Eating Disorders Review 2001, 9:335-347.
46. McCabe M.P., Ricciardelli L.A., Karantzas G. Impact of a healthy body image program among adolescent boys on body image, negative affect, and body change strategies. Body Image 2010, 7:117-123.
47. McVey G.L., Lieberman M., Voorberg N., Wardrope D., Blackmore E. School-based peer support groups: A new approach to the prevention of disordered eating. Eating Disorders 2003, 11:169-185.
48. McVey G.L., Lieberman M., Voorberg N., Wardrope D., Blackmore E., Tweed S. Replication of a peer support program designed to prevent disordered eating: Is a life skills approach sufficient for all middle school students?. Eating Disorders 2003, 11:187-195.
49. McVey G.L., Tweed S., Blackmore E. Healthy schools-Healthy kids: A controlled evaluation of a comprehensive universal eating disorder prevention program. Body Image 2007, 4:115-136.
50. Mendelson B.K., Mendelson M.J., White D.R. Body Esteem Scale for adolescents and adults. Journal of Personality Assessment 2001, 76:90-106.
51. Mission Australia. (2006). National survey of young Australians 2006. Retrieved from http://www.missionaustralia.com.au/document-downloads/.
52. Mission Australia. (2012). National survey of young Australians 2012. Retrieved from http://www.missionaustralia.com.au/document-downloads/.
53. Mrazek P.J., Haggerty R.J. Reducing risks for mental disorders: Frontiers for preventive intervention research 1994, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
54. NEDC. (2010). Eating disorder prevention, treatment, and management: An evidence review. Retrieved from Available URL: http://nedc.com.au/nedc-publications.
55. Neumark-Sztainer D. School based programs for preventing eating disturbances. Journal of School Health 1996, 66:64-71.
56. Neumark-Sztainer D., Friend S.E., Flattum C.F., Hannan P.J., Story M., Bauer K.W., et al. New Moves-Preventing weight-related problems in adolescent girls: A group-randomised study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2010, 39:421-432.
57. Neumark-Sztainer D., Levine M., Paxton S., Smolak L., Piran N., Wertheim E. Prevention of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating: What's next?. Eating Disorders 2006, 14:265-285.
58. Neumark-Sztainer D., Paxton S., Hannan P.J., Haines J., Story M. Does body satisfaction matter? Five-year longitudinal associations between body satisfaction and health behaviors in adolescent females and males. Journal of Adolescent Health 2006, 39:244-251.
59. Neumark-Sztainer D., Story M., Hannan P.J., Rex J. New Moves: A school-based obesity prevention program for adolescent girls. Preventive Medicine 2003, 37:41-51.
60. Neumark-Sztainer D., Wall M., Larson N., Story M., Fulkerson J., Eisenberg M.E., Hannan P.J. Secular trends in weight status and weight-related attitudes and behaviours in adolescents from 1999-2010. Preventive Medicine 2012, 54:77-81.
61. O'Dea J. School-based health education strategies for the improvement of body image and prevention of eating problems: An overview of safe and successful interventions. Health Education 2005, 105(1):11-33.
62. O'Dea J., Abraham S., Heard R. Food habits, body image and weight control practices of young male and female adolescents. Australian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics 1996, 52:32-38.
63. O'Dea J., Abraham S.F. Improving the body image, eating attitudes, and behaviours of young male and female adolescents: A new educational approach that focuses on self esteem. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2000, 28:43-57.
64. O'Dea J., Maloney D. Preventing eating and body image problems in children and adolescents using the Health Promoting Schools Framework. The Journal of School Health 2000, 70(1):18-22.
65. Paxton S. Research review of body image programs: An overview of body image dissatisfaction prevention interventions 2002, Victorian Department Government Department of Human Services, Melbourne.
66. Paxton S., Wertheim E.H., Gibbons K., Szmukler G.I., Hillier L., Petrovich J.C. Body image satisfaction, dieting beliefs and weight loss behaviours in adolescent girls and boys. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 1991, 20:361-379.
67. Phelps L., Sapia J.L., Nathanson D., Nelson L. An empirically supported eating disorder prevention program. Psychology in Schools 2000, 37:443-452.
68. Piers E.V. The Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Scale 1965, Western Psychological Services, Los Angeles.
69. Pokrajac-Bulian A., Zivcic-Becrirevic I., Calugi S., Dalle Grave R. School prevention program for eating disorders in Croatia: A controlled study with six months of follow-up. Eating and Weight Disorders 2006, 11:171-178.
70. Pratt B.M., Woolfenden S.R. Interventions for preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2002, 2002(2). 10.1002/14651858.CD002891.
71. Raich R.M., Portell M., Pelaez-Fernandez M.A. Evaluation of a school based programme of universal eating disorders prevention: Is it more effective in girls at risk?. European Eating Disorder Review 2010, 18:49-57.
72. Ricciardelli L.A., McCabe M.P. Psychometric evaluation of the Body Change Inventory: An assessment instrument for adolescent boys and girls. Eating Behaviors 2002, 3:45-59.
73. Ricciardelli L.A., Yager Z., Paxton S., McCabe M.P., Mussap A., Toumbourou J. Research Report: Positive Body Image in Schools 2010, Victorian Government Office for Youth, Melbourne L.
74. Richardson S.M., Paxton S.J. An evaluation of a body image intervention based on risk factors for body dissatisfaction: A controlled study with adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2010, 43:112-122.
75. Richardson S.M., Paxton S.J., Thomson J.S. Is BodyThink an efficacious body image and self esteem program? A controlled evaluation with adolescents. Body Image 2009, 6:75-82.
76. Rocco P.L., Ciano R.P., Balestrieri M. Psychoeducation in the prevention of eating disorders: An experimental approach in adolescent schoolgirls. British Journal of Medical Psychology 2001, 74:351-358.
77. Rodriguez R., Marchland E., Ng J., Stice E. Effects of a cognitive dissonance-based eating disorder prevention program are similar for Asian-American, Hispanic, and white participants. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2008, 41:618-625.
78. Rosenberg M. Society and adolescent self image 1965, Princeton University, New York.
79. Rosenvinge J., Borreson R. Preventing eating disorders-Time to change current programs or paradigms? Current update and further recommendations. European Eating Disorders Review 1999, 7:5-16.
80. Russell-Mayhew S., Arthur N., Ewashen C. Targeting students, teachers and parents in a wellness-based prevention program in schools. Eating Disorders 2007, 15:159-181.
81. Schooler D. Early adolescent body image predicts subsequent condom use behavior among girls. Sexuality Research and Social Policy 2013, 10:52-61.
82. Smolak L. Appearance in childhood and adolescence. Oxford Handbook of the Psychology of Appearance 2012, 123-141. Oxford University Press, London. N. Rumsey, D. Harcourt (Eds.).
83. Smolak L., Levine M. A two-year follow-up of a primary prevention program for negative body image and unhealthy weight reduction. Eating Disorders 2001, 9:313-325.
84. Smolak L., Levine M., Schermer F. A controlled intervention of an elementary school primary prevention program for eating problems. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 1998, 44:339-353.
85. Smolak L., Levine M., Thompson J.K. The use of sociocultural atitudes towards appearance questionnaie with middle school boys and girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2001, 29:216-223.
86. Speilberger C., Gorsuch R., Lushene R. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory 1970, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto.
87. Stanford J., McCabe M.P. Sociocultural influences on adolescent boys' body image and body change strategies. Body Image 2005, 2:105-113.
88. Steese S., Dollette M., Phillips W., Hossfeld E., Matthews G., Taormina G. Understanding girls's circle as an intervention on perceived social support, body image, self-efficacy, locus of control, and self esteem. Adolescence 2006, 41:55-74.
89. Steiner-Adair C., Sjostrom L., Franko D., Seeta P., Tucker R., Becker A., Herzog D. Primary prevention of risk factors for eating disorders in adolescent girls: Learning from practice. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2002, 32:401-441.
90. Stewart D.A., Carter J.C., Drinkwater J., Hainsworth J., Fairburn C. Modification of eating attitudes and behaviour in adolescent girls: A controlled study. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2001, 29:107-118.
91. Stice E., Hayward C., Cameron R.P., Killen J.D., Taylor C.B. Body-image and eating distrubances predict onset of depression among female adolescents: A longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2000, 109:438-444.
92. Stice E., Rohde P., Gau J., Shaw H. An effectiveness trial of a dissonance-based eating disorder prevention program for high-risk adolescent girls. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2009, 77:825-834.
93. Stice E., Shaw H. Eating disorder prevention programs: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin 2004, 130:206-227.
94. Stice E., Shaw H., Marti C.N. A meta-analytic review of eating disorder prevention programs: Encouraging findings. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 2007, 3:207-231.
95. Stice E., Ziemba C., Margolis J., Flick P. The dual pathway model differentiates bulimics, subclinical bulimics, and controls: Testing the continuity hypothesis. Behavior Therapy 1996, 27:531-549.
96. Story M., Neumark Sztainer D. School-based nutrition education programs and services for adolescents. Adolescent Medicine: State of the Art Reviews 1996, 7:287-302.
97. Stunkard A., Messick S. The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 1985, 29:71-83.
98. Stunkard A., Sorenson T., Schulsinger F. Use of the Danish Adoption Register for the Study of Obesity and Thinness. The Genetics of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders 1983, 115-120. Raven Press, New York. S.S. Kety, L.P. Rowland, R.L. Sidman, S.W. Matthysse (Eds.).
99. Thompson C., Russell-Mayhew S., Saraceni R. Evaluating the effects of a peer-support model: Reducing negative body esteem and disordered eating attitudes and behaviours in grade eight girls. Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment & Prevention 2012, 20:113-126.
100. Thompson J.K. The (mis)measurement of body image: Ten strategies to improve assessment for applied and research purposes [review]. Body Image 2004, 1:7-14.
101. Thompson J.K., Cattarin J.A., Fowler B., Fisher E. The Perception of Teasing Scale [POTS]: A revision and extension of the Physical Appearance Related Teasing Scale [PARTS]. Journal of Personality Assessment 1995, 65:146-157.
102. Thompson J.K., Gray J. Development and validation of new body image assessment tool. Journal of Personality Assessment 1995, 64:258-269.
103. Thompson J.K., Heinberg L., Tantleff S. The Physical Appearance Comparison Scale [PACS]. Behavior Assesment Review 1991, 14:174.
104. Van Strien T., Frijters J.E.R., Bergers G.P.A., Defares P.B. Dutch eating behaviour questionnaire for assessment of restrained, emotional and external eating behaviour. International Journal of Eating Disorders 1986, 5:295-315.
105. Varnado-Sullivan P.J., Zucker N. The body logic program for adolescents. Behavior Modification 2004, 28:854-875.
106. Varnado-Sullivan P.J., Zucker N., Williamson D., Reas D., Thaw J., Netemeyer R.G. Development and implementation of the Body Logic program for adolescents: A two-stage prevention program for eating disorders. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 2001, 8:248-259.
107. Wade T.D., Davidson S., O'Dea J.A. A preliminary controlled evaluation of a school-based media literacy program and self-esteem program for reducing eating disorder risk factors. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2003, 33:371-383.
108. Weiss K., Wertheim E. An evaluation of a prevention program for disordered eating in adolescent girls: Examining responses of high and low risk girls. Eating Disorders 2005, 13:143-156.
109. Weisz J., Sandler I., Durlak J., Anton B. Promoting and protecting youth mental health through evidence-based prevention and treatment. American Psychologist 2005, 60:628-648.
110. Wilksch S.M., Durbridge M.R., Wade T.D. A preliminary controlled comparison of programs designed to reduce risk of eating disorders targeting perfectionism and media literacy. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2008, 47:939-947.
111. Wilksch S.M., Tiggemann M., Wade E. Impact of interactive school based media literacy lessons for reducing internalization of media ideals in young adolescent girls and boys. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2006, 39:385-393.
112. Wilksch S.M., Wade T.D. Reduction of shape and weight concern in young adolescents: A 30-month controlled evaluation of a media literacy program. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2009, 48:652-661.
113. Wilksch S.M., Wade T.D. School-based eating disorder prevention. Interventions for body image and eating disorders: Evidence and practice 2009, 7-22. IP Communications, East Hawthorn, VIC.
114. Wiseman C., Sunday S.R., Borlotti F., Halmi K.A. Primary prevention of eating disorders through attitude change: A two country comparison. Eating Disorders: Journal of Treatment and Prevention 2004, 12:241-250.
115. Withers G.F., Twigg K., Wertheim E., Paxton S. A controlled evaluation of an eating disorders primary prevention videotape using the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 2002, 53:1021-1027.
116. Yager Z., O'Dea J. Prevention programs for body image and eating disorders on university campuses: A review of large, controlled interventions. Health Promotion International 2008, 23:173-189.
117. Yanover T., Thompson J.K. Assessment of body image in adolescents. Body image, eating disorders, and obesity in youth: Assessment, prevention, and treatment 2009, 177-192. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC. 2nd ed. L. Smolak, J.K. Thompson (Eds.).