Racial differences in the response of cardiorespiratory fitness to aerobic exercise training in Caucasian and African American postmenopausal women

Journal of Applied Physiology

Volumn 114, Issue 10, 2013, Pages 1375-1382

  Swift, Damon L ^a   Johannsen, Neil M ^a   Lavie, Carl J ^a,b   Earnest, Conrad P ^d   Johnson, William D ^a   Blair, Steven N ^c   Church, Timothy S ^a   Newton, Robert L ^a  

^a PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^d University of Bath   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

African American; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Exercise training; Race

Indexed keywords

EID: 84878531307     PISSN: 87507587     EISSN: 15221601     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01077.2012     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Physical activity and cardiovascular health: NIH Consensus Development Panel on Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health. JAMA 276:241-246, 1996.
2. Ama PF, Simoneau JA, Boulay MR, Serresse O, Theriault G, Bouchard C. Skeletal muscle characteristics in sedentary black and caucasian males. J Appl Physiol 61:1758-1761, 1986. (Pubitemid 17196231)
3. Blair SN, Kampert JB, Kohl HW III, Barlow CE, Macera CA, Paffenbarger RS Jr, Gibbons LW. Influences of cardiorespiratory fitness and other precursors on cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in men and women. JAMA 276:205-210, 1996. (Pubitemid 26235064)
4. Blair SN, Kohl HW III, Barlow CE, Paffenbarger RS Jr, Gibbons LW, Macera CA. Changes in physical fitness and all-cause mortality: a prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men. JAMA 273:1093-1098, 1995.
5. Blair SN, Kohl HW III, Paffenbarger RS Jr, Clark DG, Cooper KH, Gibbons LW. Physical fitness and all-cause mortality: a prospective study of healthy men and women. JAMA 262:2395-2401, 1989. (Pubitemid 19261810)
6. Bouchard C, Leon AS, Rao DC, Skinner JS, Wllmore JH, Gagnon J. Aims, design, and measurement protocol. Med Sci Sports Exerc 27:721-729, 1995.
7. Bouchard C, Rankinen T. Individual differences in response to regular physical activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 33:S446-S451, 2001. (Pubitemid 32524736)
8. Church TS, Earnest CP, Skinner JS, Blair SN. Effects of different doses of physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness among sedentary, overweight or obese postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure. JAMA 297:2081-2091, 2007. (Pubitemid 46798166)
9. Duey WJ, O'Brien WL, Crutchfield AB, Brown LA, Williford HN, Sharff-Olson M. Effects of exercise training on aerobic fitness in African-American females. Ethn Dis 8:306-311, 1998. (Pubitemid 128615091)
10. Estacio RO, Wolfel EE, Regensteiner JG, Jeffers B, Havranek EP, Savage S, Schrier RW. Effect of risk factors on exercise capacity in NIDDM. Diabetes 45:79-85, 1996. (Pubitemid 26010427)
11. Harris MI, Flegal KM, Cowie CC, Eberhardt MS, Goldstein DE, Little RR, Wiedmeyer HM, Byrd-Holt DD. Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance in U. S. adults. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Diabetes Care 21:518-524, 1998. (Pubitemid 28172927)
12. Hunter GR, Weinsier RL, Darnell BE, Zuckerman PA, Goran MI. Racial differences in energy expenditure and aerobic fitness in premenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 71:500-506, 2000. (Pubitemid 30061229)
13. Hunter GR, Weinsier RL, Mccarthy JP, Enette Larson-Meyer D, Newcomer BB. Hemoglobin, muscle oxidative capacity, and VO2 max in African-American and caucasian women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 33:1739-1743, 2001. (Pubitemid 32963877)
14. Kannel WB, Hjortland MC, McNamara PM, Gordon T. Menopause and risk of cardiovascular disease. Ann Intern Med 85:447-452, 1976.
15. Katzmarzyk PT, Church TS, Blair SN. Cardiorespiratory fitness attenuates the effects of the metabolic syndrome on all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in men. Arch Intern Med 164:1092-1097, 2004. (Pubitemid 38668988)
16. Kodama S, Saito K, Tanaka S, Maki M, Yachi Y, Asumi M, Sugawara A, Totsuka K, Shimano H, Ohashi Y, Yamada N, Sone H. Cardiorespiratory fitness as a quantitative predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in healthy men and women. JAMA 301:2024-2035, 2009.
17. Kokkinos P, Myers J, Kokkinos JP, Pittaras A, Narayan P, Manolis A, Karasik P, Greenberg M, Papademetriou V, Singh S. Exercise capacity and mortality in black and white men. Circulation 117:614-622, 2008.
18. La Monte MJ, Durstine JL, Yanowitz FG, Lim T, Du Bose KD, Davis P, Ainsworth BE. Cardiorespiratory fitness and C-reactive protein among a tri-ethnic sample of women. Circulation 106:403-406, 2002. (Pubitemid 34803681)
19. Lavie CJ, Kuruvanka T, Milani RV, Prasad A, Ventura HO. Exercise capacity in adult African-Americans referred for exercise stress testing. Chest 126:1962-1968, 2004. (Pubitemid 39644005)
20. Lavie CJ, Milani RV. Metabolic equivalent (MET) inflation-not the MET we used to know. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 27:149-150, 2007. (Pubitemid 47424608)
21. Lee CD, Blair SN, Jackson AS. Cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in men. Am J Clin Nutr 69:373-380, 1999. (Pubitemid 29104555)
22. Lloyd-Jones D, Adams RJ, Brown TM, Carnethon M, Dai S, De Simone G, Ferguson TB, Ford E, Furie K, Gillespie C, Go A, Greenlund K, Haase N, Hailpern S, Ho PM, Howard V, Kissela B, Kittner S, Lackland D, Lisabeth L, Marelli A, McDermott MM, Meigs J, Mozaffarian D, Mussolino M, Nichol G, Roger VL, Rosamond W, Sacco R, Sorlie P, Stafford R, Thom T, Wasserthiel-Smoller S, Wong ND, Wylie-Rosett J, American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2010 update. Circulation 121:e46-e215, 2010.
23. Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorell R. Antropometric Standardization Reference Manual. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Books, 1988.
24. Mensah GA, Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Greenlund KJ, Croft JB. State of disparities in cardiovascular health in the United States. Circulation 111:1233-1241, 2005. (Pubitemid 40389086)
25. Mora S, Redberg RF, Cui Y, Whiteman MK, Flaws JA, Sharrett AR, Blumenthal RS. Ability of exercise testing to predict cardiovascular and all-cause death in asymptomatic women: a 20-year follow-up of the lipid research clinics prevalence study. JAMA 290:1600-1607, 2003. (Pubitemid 37430384)
26. Morss GM, Jordan AN, Skinner JS, Dunn AL, Church TS, Earnest CP, Kampert JB, Jurca R, Blair SN. Dose-response to exercise in women aged 45-75 yr (DREW): design and rationale. Med Sci Sports Exerc 36:336-344, 2004. (Pubitemid 38177065)
27. Pivarnik JM, Bray MS, Hergenroeder AC, Hill RB, Wong WW. Ethnicity affects aerobic fitness in U. S. adolescent girls. Med Sci Sports Exerc 27:1635-1638, 1995.
28. Ribisl PM, Lang W, Jaramillo SA, Jakicic JM, Stewart KJ, Bahnson J, Bright R, Curtis JF, Crow RS, Soberman JE. Exercise capacity and cardiovascular/metabolic characteristics of overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 30:2679-2684, 2007. (Pubitemid 47554229)
29. Sawada SS, Lee IM, Muto T, Matuszaki K, Blair SN. Cardiorespiratory fitness and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: prospective study of Japanese men. Diabetes Care 2003, 26:2918-2922. (Pubitemid 37205569)
30. Sidney S, Haskell WL, Crow R, Sternfeld B, Oberman A, Armstrong MA, Cutter GR, Jacobs DR, Savage PJ, Horn LV. Symptom-limited graded treadmill exercise testing in young adults in the CARDIA study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 24:176-183, 1992.
31. Skinner JS, Jaskólski A, Jaskólska A, Krasnoff J, Gagnon J, Leon AS, Rao DC, Wilmore JH, Bouchard C. Age, sex, race, initial fitness, and response to training: The HERITAGE Family Study. J Appl Physiol 90:1770-1776, 2001. (Pubitemid 32336459)
32. Suminski RR, Mattern CO, Devor ST. Influence of racial origin and skeletal muscle properties on disease prevalence and physical performance. Sports Med 32:667-673, 2002. (Pubitemid 35034431)
33. Tanaka H, Monahan KD, Seals DR. Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited. J Am Coll Cardiol 37:153-156, 2001. (Pubitemid 32051731)