Emperor penguin body surfaces cool below air temperature

Biology Letters

Volumn 9, Issue 3, 2013, Pages

  McCafferty, D J ^a   Gilbert, C ^b   Thierry, A M ^c,d   Currie, J ^e   Le Maho, Y ^c,d   Ancel, A ^c,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITÉ PARIS EST   (France)

^c UNIVERSITÉ DE STRASBOURG   (France)

^d CNRS   (France)

^e EDINBURGH NAPIER UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Antarctic; Metabolic heat loss; Thermal imaging; Thermoregulation

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; AIR TEMPERATURE; ANATOMY; BIRD; BODY CONDITION; BREEDING POPULATION; HEAT TRANSFER; PLUMAGE; SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS; THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY; THERMOREGULATION;

ADELIE COAST; ANTARCTICA; EAST ANTARCTICA; POINTE GEOLOGIE;

ANIMAL; ANTARCTICA; ARTICLE; PENGUIN; PHYSIOLOGY; THERMOREGULATION;

ANIMALS; ANTARCTIC REGIONS; BODY TEMPERATURE REGULATION; SPHENISCIDAE;

EID: 84878209215     PISSN: 17449561     EISSN: 1744957X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2012.1192     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Le Maho Y, Delclitte P, Chatonnet J. 1976 Thermoregulation in fasting emperor penguins. Am. J. Physiol. 231, 913-922.
2. Pinshow B, Fedak MA, Battles DR, Schmidt-Nielsen K. 1976 Energy-expenditure for thermoregulation and locomotion in emperor penguins. Am. J. Physiol. 231, 903-912.
3. Gilbert C, Le Maho Y, Perret M, Ancel A. 2007 Body temperature changes induced by huddling in breeding male emperor penguins. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Int. Comp. Physiol. 292, R176-R185. (doi:10. 1152/ajpregu.00912.2005)
4. Pre'vost J. 1961 Ecologie du Manchot Empereur. Paris, France: Expe'ditions Polaires Françaises: Hermann Press.
5. Jarman M. 1973 Experiments on the emperor penguin, Aptenodytes forsteri, in various thermal environments. Bull. Br. Antartic. Surv. 33-34, 57-63.
6. Taylor JRE. 1986 Thermal insulation of the down and feathers of Pygoscelid penguin chicks and the unique properties of penguin feathers. Auk 103, 160-168.
7. Stahel CD, Nicol SC, Walker GJ. 1987 Heatproduction and thermal-resistance in the little penguin Eudyptula minor in relation to wind-speed. Physiol. Zool. 60, 413-423.
8. McCafferty DJ, Moncrieff JB, Taylor IR, Boddie GF. 1998 The use of IR thermography to measure the radiative temperature and heat loss of a barn owl (Tyto alba). J. Therm. Biol. 23, 311-318. (doi:10. 1016/S0306-4565(98)00022-9)
9. McArthur AJ. 1991 Thermal-radiation exchange, convection and the storage of latent-heat in animal coats. Agric. Forest Meterol. 53, 325-336. (doi:10. 1016/0168-1923(91)90050-Z)
10. Leger J, Larochelle J. 2006 On the importance of radiative heat exchange during nocturnal flight in birds. J. Exp. Biol. 209, 103-114. (doi:10.1242/ jeb.01964)
11. Monteith JL, Unsworth MH. 1990 Principles of environmental physics. London, UK: Edward Arnold.
12. Gilbert C, Robertson G, Le Maho Y, Ancel A. 2008 How do weather conditions affect the huddling behaviour of emperor penguins? Polar Biol. 31, 163-169. (doi:10.1007/s00300-007-0343-6)
13. McCafferty DJ, Gilbert C, Paterson W, Pomeroy PP, Thompson D, Currie J, Ancel A. 2011 Estimating metabolic heat loss in birds and mammals by combining infrared thermography with biophysical modelling. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integ. Physiol. 158, 337-345. (doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2010. 09.012)
14. Frost PGH, Siegfried WR, Greenwood PJ. 1975 Arteriovenous heat exchange systems in the jackass penguin Spheniscus demersus. J. Zool. (Lond.) 175, 231-242. (doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1975.tb01398.x)
15. Symonds MRE, Tattersall GJ. 2010 Geographical variation in bill size across bird species provides evidence for Allen's rule. Am. Nat. 176, 188-197. (doi:10.1086/653666)
16. Goldsmith R, Sladen WJL. 1961 Temperature regulation of some Antarctic penguins. J. Physiol. Lond. 157, 251-262.
17. Prévost J, Sapin-Jaloustre J. 1964 A propos des premieres mesures de topographie thermique chez les Spheniscides de la Terre Adelie. Oiseau 34, 52-90.
18. Trawa G. 1970 Note preliminaire sur la vascularisation des membres des Spheniscides de Terre Adelie. Oiseau. RFO 40, 142-156.
19. Despin B, Le Mayo Y, Schmitt M. 1978 Measures de temperatures peripheriques par thermographic infrarouge chez le manchot de Humbolt (Spheniscus humbolti). Oiseau. RFO 48, 151-158.
20. Thomas DB, Fordyce RE. 2012 Biological plasticity in penguin heat-retention structures. Anat. Rec. Advan. Integ. Anat. Evol. Biol. 295, 249-256. (doi:10.1002/ ar.21538)
21. Ancel A, Visser H, Handrich Y, Masman D, Le Maho Y. 1997 Energy saving in huddling penguins. Nature 385, 304-305. (doi:10.1038/ 385304a0)
22. Dawson C, Vincent JFV, Jeronimidis G, Rice G, Forshaw P. 1999 Heat transfer through penguin feathers. J. Theor. Biol. 199, 291-295. (doi:10. 1006/jtbi.1999.0959)
23. Marder J. 1973 Body temperature regulation in the brown necked raven (Corvus corax ruficollis). II. Thermal changes in the plumage of ravens exposed to solar radiation. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 45, 431-440. (doi:10.1016/0300- 9629(73)90450-7)
24. Pinshow B, Welch WR. 1980 Winter breeding in emperor penguins: a consequence of the summer heat. Condor 82, 159-163. (doi:10.2307/ 1367469)
25. Van Sant MJ, Bakken GS. 2006 Thermoregulation on the air-water interface. II. Foot conductance, activity metabolism and a two-dimensional heat transfer model. J. Therm. Biol. 31, 491-500. (doi:10.1016/j. jtherbio.2006.05.002)