On the radiative forcing of contrail cirrus contaminated by black carbon

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 40, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 778-784

  Liou, K N ^a   Takano, Y ^a   Yue, Q ^a   Yang, P ^b  

^a Los Angeles   (United States)

^b TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

contrail; radiative forcing

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; CLOUDS; DUST; LIGHT ABSORPTION; MIXING; SOOT; SUN;

ABSORPTION EFFECTS; ABSORPTION ENHANCEMENT; ABSORPTION OF SOLAR RADIATION; CONTRAIL; MULTIPLE INCLUSIONS; RADIATIVE EFFECTS; RADIATIVE FORCINGS; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES;

ICE;

ABSORPTION; BLACK CARBON; CIRRUS; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; ICE; MIXING; OPTICAL DEPTH; PARTICLE SIZE; RADIATIVE FORCING; REGIONAL PATTERN; SOLAR RADIATION; SOOT; WAVELENGTH;

EID: 84878177962     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: 19448007     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/grl.50110     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. d'Almeida, G. A., P. Koepke, and, E. P. Shettle, (1991), Atmospheric Aerosols, DEEPACK, Hampton, VA.
2. Christiansen, C., (1884, 1885), Untersuchungen über die optischen Eigenschaften von fein verteilten Körpern, Ann. Phys. Chem., 23, 298-306, 24, 439-446.
3. Fu, Q., and, K. N. Liou, (1993), Parameterization of the radiative properties of cirrus clouds, J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2008-2025.
4. Gu, Y., K. N. Liou, S. C. Ou, and, R. Fovell, (2011), Cirrus cloud simulations using WRF with improved radiation parameterization and increased vertical resolution, J. Geophys. Res. 116, D06119, doi: 10.1029/2010JD014574.
5. Iwabuchi, H., P. Yang, K. N. Liou, and, P. Minnis, (2012), Physical and optical properties of persistent contrails: Climatology and interpretation, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D06215, doi: 10.1029/2011JD017020.
6. Krekov, G. M., (1993), Models of atmospheric aerosols, in Aerosol Effects on Climate, edited by, S. G. Jennings, pp. 9-72, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ.
7. Liou, K. N., Y. Gu, Q. Yue, and, G. McFarguhar, (2008), On the correlation between ice water content and ice crystal size and its application to radiative transfer and general circulation models, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L13805, doi: 10.1029/2008GL033918.
8. Liou, K. N., Y. Takano, and, P. Yang, (2010), On geometric optics and surface waves for light scattering by spheres, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 111, 1980-1989.
9. Liou, K. N., Y. Takano, and, P. Yang, (2011), Light absorption and scattering by aggregates: Application to black carbon and snow grain, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 112, 1581-1594.
10. Liou, K. N., P. Yang, Y. Takano, K. Sassen, T. Charlock, and, W. Arnott, (1998), On the radiative properties of contrail cirrus, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1161-1164.
11. Petzold, A., and, A. Döpelheuer, (1998), Reexamination of black carbon mass emission indices of a jet engine, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 29, 355-356.
12. Petzold, A., A. Döpelheuer, C. A. Brock, and, F. P. Schröder, (1999), In situ observations and model calculations of black carbon emission by aircraft at cruise altitude, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 22171-22181.
13. Petzold, A., J. Ström, S. Ohlsson, and, F. P. Schröder, (1998), Elemental composition and morphology of ice-crystal residual particles in cirrus clouds and contrails, Atmos. Res., 49, 21-34.
14. Schumann, U., F. Arnold, R. Busen, J. Curtius, B. Kärcher, A. Kiendler, A. Petzold, H. Schlager, F. Schröder, and, K.-H. Wohlfrom, (2002), Influence of fuels sulfur on the composition of aircraft exhaust plumes: The experiments SULFUR 1-7, J. Geophys. Res., 107, doi: 10.1029/2001JD000813.
15. Ström, J., and, S. Ohlsson, (1998), In situ measurements of enhanced crystal number densities in cirrus clouds caused by aircraft exhaust, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 11,355-11,361, doi: 10.1029/98JD00807.
16. Yang, P., L. Bi, B. A. Baum, K. N. Liou, G. Kattawar, M. Mishchenko, and, B. Cole, (2013), Spectrally consistent scattering, absorption, and polarization properties of atmospheric ice crystals at wavelengths from 0.2 to 100 μm, J. Atmos. Sci. 70, 330-347, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-12-039.1.
17. Yang, P., K. N. Liou, K. Wyser, and, D. Mtichell, (2000), Parameterization of the scattering and absorption properties of individual ice crystals, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 4699-4718.
18. Yang, P., H. Wei, H.-L. Huang, B. A. Baum, Y. X. Hu, G. W. Kattawar, M. I. Mishchenko, and, Q. Fu, (2005), Scattering and absorption property database for nonspherical ice particles in the near- through far-infrared spectral region, Appl. Opt., 44, 5512-5523.