메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 591, Issue 10, 2013, Pages 2647-2666

Differential responses of fast- and slow-conducting pyramidal tract neurons to changes in accuracy demands during locomotion

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; CAT; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; LOCOMOTION; MALE; MOTOR CORTEX; NERVE CELL MEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE; NERVE CELL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL; NERVE CONDUCTION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PYRAMIDAL NERVE CELL; STANDING; TASK PERFORMANCE; WALKING;

EID: 84877828588     PISSN: 00223751     EISSN: 14697793     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.232538     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (13)

References (100)
  • 1
    • 0025055364 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the discharge patterns of motor cortical neurons associated with volitional changes in stepping in the cat
    • Amos A, Armstrong DM & Marple-Horvat DE (1990). Changes in the discharge patterns of motor cortical neurons associated with volitional changes in stepping in the cat. Neuroscience Letters 109, 107-112 .
    • (1990) Neuroscience Letters , vol.109 , pp. 107-112
    • Amos, A.1    Armstrong, D.M.2    Marple-Horvat, D.E.3
  • 2
    • 0021687427 scopus 로고
    • Termination areas of corticobulbar and corticospinal fibres in the rat
    • Antal M (1984). Termination areas of corticobulbar and corticospinal fibres in the rat. J Hirnforsch 25, 647-659.
    • (1984) J Hirnforsch , vol.25 , pp. 647-659
    • Antal, M.1
  • 3
    • 0021287052 scopus 로고
    • Discharges of pyramidal tract and other motor cortical neurones during locomotion in the cat
    • Armstrong DM & Drew T (1984a). Discharges of pyramidal tract and other motor cortical neurones during locomotion in the cat. J Physiol 346, 471-495.
    • (1984) J Physiol , vol.346 , pp. 471-495
    • Armstrong, D.M.1    Drew, T.2
  • 4
    • 0021287054 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor-related neuronal discharges in cat motor cortex compared with peripheral receptive fields and evoked movements
    • Armstrong DM & Drew T (1984b). Locomotor-related neuronal discharges in cat motor cortex compared with peripheral receptive fields and evoked movements. J Physiol 346, 497-517.
    • (1984) J Physiol , vol.346 , pp. 497-517
    • Armstrong, D.M.1    Drew, T.2
  • 5
    • 0022270918 scopus 로고
    • Electromyographic responses evoked in muscles of the forelimb by intracortical stimulation in the cat
    • Armstrong DM & Drew T (1985). Electromyographic responses evoked in muscles of the forelimb by intracortical stimulation in the cat. J Physiol 367, 309-326.
    • (1985) J Physiol , vol.367 , pp. 309-326
    • Armstrong, D.M.1    Drew, T.2
  • 6
    • 0027309184 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological characterization of different types of neurons recorded in vivo in the motor cortex of the cat. II. Membrane parameters, action potentials, current-induced voltage responses and electrotonic structures
    • Baranyi A, Szente MB & Woody CD (1993). Electrophysiological characterization of different types of neurons recorded in vivo in the motor cortex of the cat. II. Membrane parameters, action potentials, current-induced voltage responses and electrotonic structures. J Neurophysiol 69, 1865-1879.
    • (1993) J Neurophysiol , vol.69 , pp. 1865-1879
    • Baranyi, A.1    Szente, M.B.2    Woody, C.D.3
  • 7
    • 0034032552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar ataxia: torque deficiency or torque mismatch between joints
    • Bastian AJ, Zackowski KM & Thach WT (2000). Cerebellar ataxia: torque deficiency or torque mismatch between joints? J Neurophysiol 83(5): 3019-3030.
    • (2000) J Neurophysiol , vol.83 , Issue.5 , pp. 3019-3030
    • Bastian, A.J.1    Zackowski, K.M.2    Thach, W.T.3
  • 9
    • 0034068050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficits in the coordination of multijoint arm movements in patients with hemiparesis: evidence for disturbed control of limb dynamics
    • Beer RF, Dewald JP & Rymer WZ (2000). Deficits in the coordination of multijoint arm movements in patients with hemiparesis: evidence for disturbed control of limb dynamics. Exp Brain Res 131(3): 305-319.
    • (2000) Exp Brain Res , vol.131 , Issue.3 , pp. 305-319
    • Beer, R.F.1    Dewald, J.P.2    Rymer, W.Z.3
  • 10
    • 0021906169 scopus 로고
    • Activity of neurons of the motosensory cortex during natural locomotion in the cat
    • Beloozerova IN & Sirota MG (1985). Activity of neurons of the motosensory cortex during natural locomotion in the cat. Neirofiziologia 17, 406-408.
    • (1985) Neirofiziologia , vol.17 , pp. 406-408
    • Beloozerova, I.N.1    Sirota, M.G.2
  • 11
    • 0000369173 scopus 로고
    • The role of motor cortex in control of locomotion
    • Gurfinkel VS, Ioffe ME, Massion J & Roll JP -, Plenum Press, New York
    • Beloozerova IN & Sirota MG (1988). The role of motor cortex in control of locomotion. In Stance and Motion. Facts and Concepts, ed. Gurfinkel VS, Ioffe ME, Massion J & Roll JP, pp. 163-176, Plenum Press, New York .
    • (1988) Stance and Motion. Facts and Concepts , pp. 163-176
    • Beloozerova, I.N.1    Sirota, M.G.2
  • 12
    • 0027500690 scopus 로고
    • The role of the motor cortex in the control of accuracy of locomotor movements in the cat
    • Beloozerova IN & Sirota MG (1993a). The role of the motor cortex in the control of accuracy of locomotor movements in the cat. J Physiol 461, 1-25.
    • (1993) J Physiol , vol.461 , pp. 1-25
    • Beloozerova, I.N.1    Sirota, M.G.2
  • 13
    • 0027409187 scopus 로고
    • The role of the motor cortex in the control of vigour of locomotor movements in the cat
    • Beloozerova IN & Sirota MG (1993b). The role of the motor cortex in the control of vigour of locomotor movements in the cat. J Physiol 461, 27-46.
    • (1993) J Physiol , vol.461 , pp. 27-46
    • Beloozerova, I.N.1    Sirota, M.G.2
  • 14
    • 0037319205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of different classes of neurons of the motor cortex during locomotion
    • Beloozerova IN, Sirota MG & Swadlow HA (2003). Activity of different classes of neurons of the motor cortex during locomotion. J Neurosci 23, 1087-1097.
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 1087-1097
    • Beloozerova, I.N.1    Sirota, M.G.2    Swadlow, H.A.3
  • 15
    • 15544384464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of pyramidal tract neurons in the cat during postural corrections
    • Beloozerova IN, Sirota MG, Orlovsky GM & Deliagina TG (2005). Activity of pyramidal tract neurons in the cat during postural corrections. J Neurophysiol 93, 1831-1844.
    • (2005) J Neurophysiol , vol.93 , pp. 1831-1844
    • Beloozerova, I.N.1    Sirota, M.G.2    Orlovsky, G.M.3    Deliagina, T.G.4
  • 16
    • 84877798083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of motor and visual information in the motor cortex during locomotion
    • Program No. 292.16; . Society for Neuroscience, San Diego, CA, USA . Online
    • Beloozerova IN, Wettenstein P & Sirota MG (2007). Integration of motor and visual information in the motor cortex during locomotion. Program No. 292.16; 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner . Society for Neuroscience, San Diego, CA, USA . Online.
    • (2007) 2007 Neuroscience Meeting Planner
    • Beloozerova, I.N.1    Wettenstein, P.2    Sirota, M.G.3
  • 17
    • 77951235920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in movement mechanics, electromyographic, and motor cortex activity between accurate and non-accurate stepping
    • Beloozerova IN, Farrell BJ, Sirota MG & Prilutsky BI (2010). Differences in movement mechanics, electromyographic, and motor cortex activity between accurate and non-accurate stepping. J Neurophysiol 103, 2285-2300.
    • (2010) J Neurophysiol , vol.103 , pp. 2285-2300
    • Beloozerova, I.N.1    Farrell, B.J.2    Sirota, M.G.3    Prilutsky, B.I.4
  • 19
    • 0000423921 scopus 로고
    • The identification of single units in central visual pathways
    • Bishop PO, Burke W & Davis R (1962). The identification of single units in central visual pathways. J Physiol 162, 409-431.
    • (1962) J Physiol , vol.162 , pp. 409-431
    • Bishop, P.O.1    Burke, W.2    Davis, R.3
  • 20
    • 10244259559 scopus 로고
    • Antidromic potential recordings from the bulbar pyramid of the cat
    • Brookhart JM & Morris RE (1948). Antidromic potential recordings from the bulbar pyramid of the cat. J Neurophysiol 11, 387-398.
    • (1948) J Neurophysiol , vol.11 , pp. 387-398
    • Brookhart, J.M.1    Morris, R.E.2
  • 21
    • 0000279388 scopus 로고
    • A study of corticospinal activation of motoneurones
    • Brookhart JM (1952). A study of corticospinal activation of motoneurones. Res Publ Ass Nerv Ment Dis 30, 157-173.
    • (1952) Res Publ Ass Nerv Ment Dis , vol.30 , pp. 157-173
    • Brookhart, J.M.1
  • 22
    • 0017249897 scopus 로고
    • Fast and slow pyramidal tract neurons: An intracellular analysis of their contrasting repetitive firing properties in the cat
    • Calvin WH & Sypert GW (1976). Fast and slow pyramidal tract neurons: An intracellular analysis of their contrasting repetitive firing properties in the cat. J Physiol 39, 420-434.
    • (1976) J Physiol , vol.39 , pp. 420-434
    • Calvin, W.H.1    Sypert, G.W.2
  • 23
    • 0030935732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary motor cortex influences on the descending and ascending systems
    • Canedo A (1997). Primary motor cortex influences on the descending and ascending systems. Progress in Neurobiol 51, 287-335.
    • (1997) Progress in Neurobiol , vol.51 , pp. 287-335
    • Canedo, A.1
  • 24
    • 0001922256 scopus 로고
    • Corticospinal tract of the cat. An attempt to correlate the pattern of degeneration with deficit in reflex act following neocortical lesions
    • Chambers WWV & Liu CN (1957). Corticospinal tract of the cat. An attempt to correlate the pattern of degeneration with deficit in reflex act following neocortical lesions. J Com Neurol 108, 23-26.
    • (1957) J Com Neurol , vol.108 , pp. 23-26
    • Chambers, W.W.V.1    Liu, C.N.2
  • 25
    • 0018954522 scopus 로고
    • Functional classes of primate corticomotoneuronal cells and their relation to active force
    • Cheney PD & Fetz EE (1980). Functional classes of primate corticomotoneuronal cells and their relation to active force. J Neurophysiol 44, 773-791.
    • (1980) J Neurophysiol , vol.44 , pp. 773-791
    • Cheney, P.D.1    Fetz, E.E.2
  • 26
    • 0028266916 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of preparatory neuronal activity in dorsal premotor cortex due to stimulus-response compatibility
    • Crammond DJ & Kalaska JF (1994) Modulation of preparatory neuronal activity in dorsal premotor cortex due to stimulus-response compatibility. J Neurophysiol 71, 1281-1284.
    • (1994) J Neurophysiol , vol.71 , pp. 1281-1284
    • Crammond, D.J.1    Kalaska, J.F.2
  • 28
    • 0018332430 scopus 로고
    • Differential distribution of spines on the apical dendrites of slow and fast pyramidal tract cells in the cat
    • Deschênes M & Labelle A (1979). Differential distribution of spines on the apical dendrites of slow and fast pyramidal tract cells in the cat. Brain Res 164, 309-313.
    • (1979) Brain Res , vol.164 , pp. 309-313
    • Deschênes, M.1    Labelle, A.2
  • 29
    • 0018599924 scopus 로고
    • Morphological characterization of slow and fast pyramidal tract cells in the cat
    • Deschênes M, Labelle A & Landry P (1979). Morphological characterization of slow and fast pyramidal tract cells in the cat. Brain Res 178(2-3): 251-274.
    • (1979) Brain Res , vol.178 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 251-274
    • Deschênes, M.1    Labelle, A.2    Landry, P.3
  • 30
    • 0019952936 scopus 로고
    • A reanalysis of the ventrolateral input in slow and fast pyramidal tract neurons of the cat motor cortex
    • Deschênes M, Landry P & Clercq M (1982). A reanalysis of the ventrolateral input in slow and fast pyramidal tract neurons of the cat motor cortex. Neuroscience 7, 2149-2157.
    • (1982) Neuroscience , vol.7 , pp. 2149-2157
    • Deschênes, M.1    Landry, P.2    Clercq, M.3
  • 31
    • 23744510650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The internal model and the leading joint hypothesis: implications for control of multi-joint movements
    • Dounskaia N (2005). The internal model and the leading joint hypothesis: implications for control of multi-joint movements. Exp Brain Res 166, 1-16.
    • (2005) Exp Brain Res , vol.166 , pp. 1-16
    • Dounskaia, N.1
  • 32
    • 23044513561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of biomechanical factors on substructure of pointing movements
    • Dounskaia N, Wisleder D & Johnson T (2005). Influence of biomechanical factors on substructure of pointing movements. Exp Brain Res 164, 505-516.
    • (2005) Exp Brain Res , vol.164 , pp. 505-516
    • Dounskaia, N.1    Wisleder, D.2    Johnson, T.3
  • 33
    • 0027219240 scopus 로고
    • Motor cortical activity during voluntary gait modifications in the cat. I. Cells related to the forelimbs
    • Drew T (1993). Motor cortical activity during voluntary gait modifications in the cat. I. Cells related to the forelimbs. J Neurophysiol 70, 179-199.
    • (1993) J Neurophysiol , vol.70 , pp. 179-199
    • Drew, T.1
  • 34
    • 36749040246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical mechanisms involved in visuomotor coordination during precision walking
    • Drew T, Andujar JE, Lajoie K & Yakovenko S (2008). Cortical mechanisms involved in visuomotor coordination during precision walking. Brain Res Rev 57, 199-211.
    • (2008) Brain Res Rev , vol.57 , pp. 199-211
    • Drew, T.1    Andujar, J.E.2    Lajoie, K.3    Yakovenko, S.4
  • 35
    • 0025850998 scopus 로고
    • Application of circular statistics to the study of neuronal discharge during locomotion
    • Drew T & Doucet S (1991). Application of circular statistics to the study of neuronal discharge during locomotion. J Neurosci Methods 38, 171-181.
    • (1991) J Neurosci Methods , vol.38 , pp. 171-181
    • Drew, T.1    Doucet, S.2
  • 36
    • 0029772538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the motor cortex in the control of visually triggered gait modifications
    • Drew T, Jiang W, Kably B & Lavoie S (1996). Role of the motor cortex in the control of visually triggered gait modifications. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 74, 426-442.
    • (1996) Can J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.74 , pp. 426-442
    • Drew, T.1    Jiang, W.2    Kably, B.3    Lavoie, S.4
  • 37
    • 0015239204 scopus 로고
    • An electron microscopic analysis of pyramidal tract termination nn the spinal cord of the cat
    • Dyachkova LN, Kostyuk PG & Pogorelaya NC (1971). An electron microscopic analysis of pyramidal tract termination nn the spinal cord of the cat. Exp Brain Res 12, 105-119.
    • (1971) Exp Brain Res , vol.12 , pp. 105-119
    • Dyachkova, L.N.1    Kostyuk, P.G.2    Pogorelaya, N.C.3
  • 39
    • 78651185294 scopus 로고
    • Relation of discharge frequency to conduction velocity in pyramidal tract neurons
    • Evarts EV (1965). Relation of discharge frequency to conduction velocity in pyramidal tract neurons. J Neurophysiol 28, 216-228.
    • (1965) J Neurophysiol , vol.28 , pp. 216-228
    • Evarts, E.V.1
  • 40
    • 0018933987 scopus 로고
    • Postspike facilitation of forelimb muscle activity by primate corticomotoneuronal cells
    • Fetz EE & Cheney PD (1980). Postspike facilitation of forelimb muscle activity by primate corticomotoneuronal cells. J Neurophysiol 44(4): 751-772.
    • (1980) J Neurophysiol , vol.44 , Issue.4 , pp. 751-772
    • Fetz, E.E.1    Cheney, P.D.2
  • 42
    • 34447315059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential activity-dependent development of corticospinal control of movement and final limb position during visually guided locomotion
    • Friel KM, Drew T & Martin JH (2007). Differential activity-dependent development of corticospinal control of movement and final limb position during visually guided locomotion. J Neurophysiol 97, 3396-3406.
    • (2007) J Neurophysiol , vol.97 , pp. 3396-3406
    • Friel, K.M.1    Drew, T.2    Martin, J.H.3
  • 43
    • 0017711040 scopus 로고
    • Relation of motor cortex neurons to precisely controlled and ballistic movements
    • Fromm C & Evarts EV (1977). Relation of motor cortex neurons to precisely controlled and ballistic movements. Neurosci Lett 5, 259-265.
    • (1977) Neurosci Lett , vol.5 , pp. 259-265
    • Fromm, C.1    Evarts, E.V.2
  • 44
    • 0019826795 scopus 로고
    • Relation of size and activity of motor cortex pyramidal tract neurons during skilled movements in the monkey
    • Fromm C & Evarts EV (1981). Relation of size and activity of motor cortex pyramidal tract neurons during skilled movements in the monkey. J Neurosci 1, 453-460.
    • (1981) J Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 453-460
    • Fromm, C.1    Evarts, E.V.2
  • 45
    • 0021363574 scopus 로고
    • Sensory response properties of pyramidal tract neurons in the precentral motor cortex and postcentral gyrus of the rhesus monkey
    • Fromm C, Wise SP & Evarts EV (1984). Sensory response properties of pyramidal tract neurons in the precentral motor cortex and postcentral gyrus of the rhesus monkey. Exp Brain Res 54, 177-185.
    • (1984) Exp Brain Res , vol.54 , pp. 177-185
    • Fromm, C.1    Wise, S.P.2    Evarts, E.V.3
  • 46
    • 0017129450 scopus 로고
    • Determination of antidromic excitation by the collision test: problems of interpretation
    • Fuller JH & Schlag J (1976). Determination of antidromic excitation by the collision test: problems of interpretation. Brain Res 122, 283-298.
    • (1976) Brain Res , vol.122 , pp. 283-298
    • Fuller, J.H.1    Schlag, J.2
  • 47
    • 0036139631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General coordination of shoulder, elbow and wrist dynamics during multijoint arm movements
    • Galloway JC & Koshland GF (2002). General coordination of shoulder, elbow and wrist dynamics during multijoint arm movements. Exp Brain Res 142, 163-180.
    • (2002) Exp Brain Res , vol.142 , pp. 163-180
    • Galloway, J.C.1    Koshland, G.F.2
  • 48
    • 0030909744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of motor areas of the cat cerebral cortex based on studies of cortical stimulation and corticospinal connections
    • Ghosh S (1997a). Identification of motor areas of the cat cerebral cortex based on studies of cortical stimulation and corticospinal connections. J Comp Neurol 380, 191-214.
    • (1997) J Comp Neurol , vol.380 , pp. 191-214
    • Ghosh, S.1
  • 49
    • 0030665084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the cortical connections of areas 4 gamma and 4 delta in the cat cerebral cortex
    • Ghosh S (1997b). Comparison of the cortical connections of areas 4 gamma and 4 delta in the cat cerebral cortex. J Comp Neurol 388, 371-396.
    • (1997) J Comp Neurol , vol.388 , pp. 371-396
    • Ghosh, S.1
  • 50
    • 0023892805 scopus 로고
    • Morphology of pyramidal neurones in monkey motor cortex and the synaptic actions of their intracortical axon collaterals
    • Ghosh S & Porter R (1988). Morphology of pyramidal neurones in monkey motor cortex and the synaptic actions of their intracortical axon collaterals. J Physiol 400, 593-615.
    • (1988) J Physiol , vol.400 , pp. 593-615
    • Ghosh, S.1    Porter, R.2
  • 51
    • 0033783392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Representation of accuracy in the dorsal premotor cortex
    • Gomez JE, Fu Q, Flament D & Ebner TJ (2000). Representation of accuracy in the dorsal premotor cortex. Eur J Neurosci 12, 3748-3760.
    • (2000) Eur J Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 3748-3760
    • Gomez, J.E.1    Fu, Q.2    Flament, D.3    Ebner, T.J.4
  • 52
    • 0022483028 scopus 로고
    • Large adjustments in visually guided reaching do not depend on vision of the hand or perception of target displacement
    • Goodale MA, Pelisson D & Prablanc C (1986). Large adjustments in visually guided reaching do not depend on vision of the hand or perception of target displacement. Nature 320, 748-750.
    • (1986) Nature , vol.320 , pp. 748-750
    • Goodale, M.A.1    Pelisson, D.2    Prablanc, C.3
  • 53
    • 0028243230 scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of planar reaching movements. I. Independence of direction and extent variability
    • Gordon J, Ghilardi MF & Ghez C (1994). Accuracy of planar reaching movements. I. Independence of direction and extent variability. Exp Brain Res 99, 97-111.
    • (1994) Exp Brain Res , vol.99 , pp. 97-111
    • Gordon, J.1    Ghilardi, M.F.2    Ghez, C.3
  • 54
    • 0017843794 scopus 로고
    • On the initiation of the swing phase of locomotion in chronic spinal cats
    • Grillner S & Rossignol S (1978). On the initiation of the swing phase of locomotion in chronic spinal cats. Brain Res 146, 269-277.
    • (1978) Brain Res , vol.146 , pp. 269-277
    • Grillner, S.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 55
    • 78651151895 scopus 로고
    • Architektonischer Aufbau des sensorimotorischen und parietalen Cortex der Katz
    • Hassler R & Muhs-Clement K (1964). Architektonischer Aufbau des sensorimotorischen und parietalen Cortex der Katz. J Hirnforsch 6, 377-420.
    • (1964) J Hirnforsch , vol.6 , pp. 377-420
    • Hassler, R.1    Muhs-Clement, K.2
  • 56
    • 0038719495 scopus 로고
    • Spinal terminations of the projection fibers from the motor cortex of primates
    • Hoff EC & Hoff HE (1934). Spinal terminations of the projection fibers from the motor cortex of primates. Brain 57, 454-474.
    • (1934) Brain , vol.57 , pp. 454-474
    • Hoff, E.C.1    Hoff, H.E.2
  • 57
    • 0018091396 scopus 로고
    • Properties of pyramidal tract neuron system within a functionally defined subregion of primate motor cortex
    • Humphrey DR & Corrie WS (1978). Properties of pyramidal tract neuron system within a functionally defined subregion of primate motor cortex. J Neurophysiol 41, 216-243.
    • (1978) J Neurophysiol , vol.41 , pp. 216-243
    • Humphrey, D.R.1    Corrie, W.S.2
  • 58
    • 0018095836 scopus 로고
    • Intracortical connectivity of architectonic fields in the somatic sensory, motor and parietal cortex of monkeys
    • Jones EG, Coulter JD & Hendry SH (1978). Intracortical connectivity of architectonic fields in the somatic sensory, motor and parietal cortex of monkeys. J Comp Neurol 181, 291-347.
    • (1978) J Comp Neurol , vol.181 , pp. 291-347
    • Jones, E.G.1    Coulter, J.D.2    Hendry, S.H.3
  • 59
    • 0032822129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle and movement representation in the primary motor cortex
    • Kakei S, Hoffman DS & Strick PL (1999). Muscle and movement representation in the primary motor cortex. Science 285, 2136-2139.
    • (1999) Science , vol.285 , pp. 2136-2139
    • Kakei, S.1    Hoffman, D.S.2    Strick, P.L.3
  • 60
    • 2342588822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilateral corticospinal projections arise from each motor cortex in the macaque monkey: a quantitative study
    • Lacroix S, Havton LA, McKay H, Yang H, Brant A, Roberts J & Tuszynski MH (2004). Bilateral corticospinal projections arise from each motor cortex in the macaque monkey: a quantitative study. J Comp Neurol 473, 147-161.
    • (2004) J Comp Neurol , vol.473 , pp. 147-161
    • Lacroix, S.1    Havton, L.A.2    McKay, H.3    Yang, H.4    Brant, A.5    Roberts, J.6    Tuszynski, M.H.7
  • 61
    • 0005878398 scopus 로고
    • A comparative fiber and numerical analysis of the pyramidal tract
    • Lassek AM & Rasmussen GL (1940). A comparative fiber and numerical analysis of the pyramidal tract. J Comp Neurol 72, 417-428.
    • (1940) J Comp Neurol , vol.72 , pp. 417-428
    • Lassek, A.M.1    Rasmussen, G.L.2
  • 63
    • 0002285795 scopus 로고
    • Pyramidal section in the cat
    • Liddell EGT & Phillips CG (1944). Pyramidal section in the cat. Brain 67, 1-9.
    • (1944) Brain , vol.67 , pp. 1-9
    • Liddell, E.G.T.1    Phillips, C.G.2
  • 64
    • 0013240351 scopus 로고
    • The spinal mechanism of the pyramidal system in cats
    • Lloyd DPC (1941). The spinal mechanism of the pyramidal system in cats. J Neurophysiol 4, 525-546.
    • (1941) J Neurophysiol , vol.4 , pp. 525-546
    • Lloyd, D.P.C.1
  • 67
    • 0027536254 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the discharge patterns of cat motor cortex neurones during unexpected perturbations of on-going locomotion
    • Marple-Horvat DE, Amos AJ, Armstrong DM & Criado JM (1993). Changes in the discharge patterns of cat motor cortex neurones during unexpected perturbations of on-going locomotion. J Physiol 462, 87-113.
    • (1993) J Physiol , vol.462 , pp. 87-113
    • Marple-Horvat, D.E.1    Amos, A.J.2    Armstrong, D.M.3    Criado, J.M.4
  • 68
    • 0027218680 scopus 로고
    • Differential impairments in reaching and grasping produced by local inactivation within the forelimb representation of the motor cortex in the cat
    • Martin JH & Ghez C (1993). Differential impairments in reaching and grasping produced by local inactivation within the forelimb representation of the motor cortex in the cat. Exp Brain Res 94, 429-443.
    • (1993) Exp Brain Res , vol.94 , pp. 429-443
    • Martin, J.H.1    Ghez, C.2
  • 69
    • 0018849087 scopus 로고
    • Antidromic latency of the monkey pyramidal tract neuron related to ipsilateral hand movements
    • Matsunami K & Hamada I (1980). Antidromic latency of the monkey pyramidal tract neuron related to ipsilateral hand movements. Neurosci Let 16, 245-249.
    • (1980) Neurosci Let , vol.16 , pp. 245-249
    • Matsunami, K.1    Hamada, I.2
  • 70
    • 0033065566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of variability of initial kinematics and endpoints of reaching movements
    • Messier J & Kalaska JF (1999). Comparison of variability of initial kinematics and endpoints of reaching movements. Exp Brain Res 125, 139-152.
    • (1999) Exp Brain Res , vol.125 , pp. 139-152
    • Messier, J.1    Kalaska, J.F.2
  • 71
    • 0037091202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical and subcortical lesions impair skilled walking in the ladder rung walking test: a new task to evaluate fore- and hindlimb stepping, placing, and co-ordination
    • Metz GA & Whishaw IQ (2002). Cortical and subcortical lesions impair skilled walking in the ladder rung walking test: a new task to evaluate fore- and hindlimb stepping, placing, and co-ordination. J Neurosci Methods 115, 169-179.
    • (2002) J Neurosci Methods , vol.115 , pp. 169-179
    • Metz, G.A.1    Whishaw, I.Q.2
  • 72
    • 20544471176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of double-joint arm posture in adults with unilateral brain damage
    • Mihaltchev P, Archambault PS, Feldman AG & Levin MF. (2005). Control of double-joint arm posture in adults with unilateral brain damage. Exp Brain Res 163(4): 468-486.
    • (2005) Exp Brain Res , vol.163 , Issue.4 , pp. 468-486
    • Mihaltchev, P.1    Archambault, P.S.2    Feldman, A.G.3    Levin, M.F.4
  • 73
    • 0031044960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlating cytoarchitecture and function in cat primary somatosensory cortex: the challenge of individual differences
    • Myasnikov AA, Dykes RW & Leclerc SS (1997). Correlating cytoarchitecture and function in cat primary somatosensory cortex: the challenge of individual differences. Brain Res 750, 95-108.
    • (1997) Brain Res , vol.750 , pp. 95-108
    • Myasnikov, A.A.1    Dykes, R.W.2    Leclerc, S.S.3
  • 74
    • 0017264138 scopus 로고
    • Somatotopic localization in cat motor cortex
    • Nieoullon A & Rispal-Padel L (1976). Somatotopic localization in cat motor cortex. Brain Res 105, 405-422.
    • (1976) Brain Res , vol.105 , pp. 405-422
    • Nieoullon, A.1    Rispal-Padel, L.2
  • 75
    • 0036275149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of overlapping submovements in the control of rapid hand movements
    • Novak KE, Miller LE & Houk JC (2002). The use of overlapping submovements in the control of rapid hand movements. Exp Brain Res 144, 351-364.
    • (2002) Exp Brain Res , vol.144 , pp. 351-364
    • Novak, K.E.1    Miller, L.E.2    Houk, J.C.3
  • 76
    • 0026534393 scopus 로고
    • Automatic control during hand reaching at undetected two-dimensional target displacements
    • Prablanc C & Martin O (1992). Automatic control during hand reaching at undetected two-dimensional target displacements. J Neurophysiol 67, 455-469.
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.67 , pp. 455-469
    • Prablanc, C.1    Martin, O.2
  • 77
    • 24944439806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of motor cortex activity and full-body biomechanics during unconstrained locomotion
    • Prilutsky BI, Sirota MG, Gregor RJ & Beloozerova IN (2005). Quantification of motor cortex activity and full-body biomechanics during unconstrained locomotion. J Neurophysiol 94, 2959-2969.
    • (2005) J Neurophysiol , vol.94 , pp. 2959-2969
    • Prilutsky, B.I.1    Sirota, M.G.2    Gregor, R.J.3    Beloozerova, I.N.4
  • 79
    • 0020514041 scopus 로고
    • Fiber microelectrodes for electrophysiological recordings
    • Reitboeck HJ (1983). Fiber microelectrodes for electrophysiological recordings. J Neurosci Methods 8, 249-262.
    • (1983) J Neurosci Methods , vol.8 , pp. 249-262
    • Reitboeck, H.J.1
  • 81
    • 0019968413 scopus 로고
    • Morphological properties of fast and slow PT cells in the cat revealed by intracellular pressure injection of HRP
    • Japanese
    • Sakai H (1982). Morphological properties of fast and slow PT cells in the cat revealed by intracellular pressure injection of HRP. Nihon Seirigaku Zassh 44(5), 199-204. Japanese
    • (1982) Nihon Seirigaku Zassh , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 199-204
    • Sakai, H.1
  • 82
    • 21344462605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three channels of corticothalamic communication during locomotion
    • Sirota MG, Swadlow HA & Beloozerova IN (2005). Three channels of corticothalamic communication during locomotion. J Neurosci 25, 5915-5925.
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 5915-5925
    • Sirota, M.G.1    Swadlow, H.A.2    Beloozerova, I.N.3
  • 84
    • 0024382278 scopus 로고
    • Errors in pointing are due to approximations in sensorimotor transformations
    • Soechting JF & Flanders M (1989). Errors in pointing are due to approximations in sensorimotor transformations. J Neurophysiol 62, 595-608.
    • (1989) J Neurophysiol , vol.62 , pp. 595-608
    • Soechting, J.F.1    Flanders, M.2
  • 85
    • 84877818657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of slow-conducting pyramidal tract neurons in precision stepping. Program No. 290.15. 2010 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Society for Neuroscience, San Diego, CA, 2010. Online
    • Stout EE & Beloozerova IN (2010). The role of slow-conducting pyramidal tract neurons in precision stepping. Program No. 290.15. 2010 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Society for Neuroscience, San Diego, CA, 2010. Online.
    • (2010)
    • Stout, E.E.1    Beloozerova, I.N.2
  • 86
    • 84859551210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyramidal tract neurons receptive to different forelimb joints act differently during locomotion
    • Stout EE & Beloozerova IN (2012). Pyramidal tract neurons receptive to different forelimb joints act differently during locomotion. J Neurophysiol 107, 1890-1903.
    • (2012) J Neurophysiol , vol.107 , pp. 1890-1903
    • Stout, E.E.1    Beloozerova, I.N.2
  • 87
    • 0013801401 scopus 로고
    • Slow and fast groups of pyramidal tract cells and their respective membrane properties
    • Takahashi K (1965). Slow and fast groups of pyramidal tract cells and their respective membrane properties. J Neurophysiol 28, 908-924.
    • (1965) J Neurophysiol , vol.28 , pp. 908-924
    • Takahashi, K.1
  • 88
    • 0018126339 scopus 로고
    • Relation of slowly conducting pyramidal tract neurons to specific aspects of forearm movement
    • Tanji J, Taniguchi K & Fukushima K (1978). Relation of slowly conducting pyramidal tract neurons to specific aspects of forearm movement. J Physiol (Paris) 74, 293-296.
    • (1978) J Physiol (Paris) , vol.74 , pp. 293-296
    • Tanji, J.1    Taniguchi, K.2    Fukushima, K.3
  • 89
    • 0001241735 scopus 로고
    • Properties of the pyramidal system in the cat
    • Towe AL., Patton HD & Kennedy TT (1963). Properties of the pyramidal system in the cat. Exp Neurol, 8, 220-238.
    • (1963) Exp Neurol , vol.8 , pp. 220-238
    • Towe, A.L.1    Patton, H.D.2    Kennedy, T.T.3
  • 90
    • 0014277863 scopus 로고
    • Differential activity among wide-field neurons of the cat postcruciate cerebral cortex
    • Towe AL, Whitehorn D & Nyquist JK (1968). Differential activity among wide-field neurons of the cat postcruciate cerebral cortex. Exp Neurol 20, 497-521.
    • (1968) Exp Neurol , vol.20 , pp. 497-521
    • Towe, A.L.1    Whitehorn, D.2    Nyquist, J.K.3
  • 91
    • 0020327539 scopus 로고
    • Exact cortical extent of the origin of the corticospinal tract (CST) and the quantitative contribution to the CST in different cytoarchitectonic areas. A study with horseradish peroxidase in the monkey
    • Toyoshima K & Sakai H (1982). Exact cortical extent of the origin of the corticospinal tract (CST) and the quantitative contribution to the CST in different cytoarchitectonic areas. A study with horseradish peroxidase in the monkey. J fur Hirnforschung 23, 257-269.
    • (1982) J fur Hirnforschung , vol.23 , pp. 257-269
    • Toyoshima, K.1    Sakai, H.2
  • 92
    • 34347160255 scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen uber reizlose vorubergehende Aussaltung am Zentralnervensystem. III. Die extermitaten Region der Grosshirninde
    • Trendelenburg W (1911). Untersuchungen uber reizlose vorubergehende Aussaltung am Zentralnervensystem. III. Die extermitaten Region der Grosshirninde. Pflugers Archiv 137, 515-544.
    • (1911) Pflugers Archiv , vol.137 , pp. 515-544
    • Trendelenburg, W.1
  • 93
    • 0014286621 scopus 로고
    • Collateral pyramidal influences on the corticorubrospinal system
    • Tsukahara N, Fuller DR & Brooks VB (1968). Collateral pyramidal influences on the corticorubrospinal system. J Neurophysiol 31(3): 467-484.
    • (1968) J Neurophysiol , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 467-484
    • Tsukahara, N.1    Fuller, D.R.2    Brooks, V.B.3
  • 94
    • 0019962672 scopus 로고
    • Interlimb coordination in cat locomotion investigated with perturbation. II. Correlates in neuronal activity of Deiter's cells of decerebrate walking cats
    • Udo M, Kamei H, Matsukawa K & Tanaka K (1982). Interlimb coordination in cat locomotion investigated with perturbation. II. Correlates in neuronal activity of Deiter's cells of decerebrate walking cats. Exp Brain Res 46, 438-447.
    • (1982) Exp Brain Res , vol.46 , pp. 438-447
    • Udo, M.1    Kamei, H.2    Matsukawa, K.3    Tanaka, K.4
  • 95
    • 0020565521 scopus 로고
    • Specialized subregions in the cat motor cortex: a single unit analysis in the behaving animal
    • Vicario DS, Martin JH & Ghez C (1983). Specialized subregions in the cat motor cortex: a single unit analysis in the behaving animal. Exp Brain Res 51, 351-367.
    • (1983) Exp Brain Res , vol.51 , pp. 351-367
    • Vicario, D.S.1    Martin, J.H.2    Ghez, C.3
  • 96
    • 80053651890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large identified pyramidal cells in macaque motor and premotor cortex exhibit "thin spikes": implications for cell type classification
    • Vigneswaran G, Kraskov A & Lemon RN (2011). Large identified pyramidal cells in macaque motor and premotor cortex exhibit "thin spikes": implications for cell type classification. J Neurosci 31, 14235-14242.
    • (2011) J Neurosci , vol.31 , pp. 14235-14242
    • Vigneswaran, G.1    Kraskov, A.2    Lemon, R.N.3
  • 97
    • 0028096976 scopus 로고
    • Motor cortical activity during voluntary gait modifications in the cat. II. Cells related to the hindlimbs
    • Widajewicz W, Kably B & Drew T (1994). Motor cortical activity during voluntary gait modifications in the cat. II. Cells related to the hindlimbs. J Neurophysiol 72, 2070-2089.
    • (1994) J Neurophysiol , vol.72 , pp. 2070-2089
    • Widajewicz, W.1    Kably, B.2    Drew, T.3
  • 98
    • 0001241677 scopus 로고
    • The pyramidal tract. Its structure and function
    • Wiesendanger M (1981). The pyramidal tract. Its structure and function. In Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology 5, 401-491.
    • (1981) Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology , vol.5 , pp. 401-491
    • Wiesendanger, M.1
  • 99
    • 0026738917 scopus 로고
    • Primate premotor cortex: dissociation of visuomotor from sensory signals
    • Wise SP, Di Pellegrino G & Boussaoud D (1992). Primate premotor cortex: dissociation of visuomotor from sensory signals. J Neurophysiol 68, 969-972.
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.68 , pp. 969-972
    • Wise, S.P.1    Di Pellegrino, G.2    Boussaoud, D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.