Special treatment issues in non-small cell lung cancer: Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American college of chest physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines

Chest

Volumn 143, Issue 5 SUPPL, 2013, Pages

  Kozower, Benjamin D ^a   Larner, James M ^a   Detterbeck, Frank C ^b   Jones, David R ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

^b YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA HEALTH SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CISPLATIN; ETOPOSIDE; MITOMYCIN; PLATINUM DERIVATIVE; VINDESINE;

ADRENAL METASTASIS; ARTICLE; BONE SCINTISCANNING; BRAIN METASTASIS; CANCER PALLIATIVE THERAPY; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER RECURRENCE; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURVIVAL; CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; CLINICAL PRACTICE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DISEASE FREE INTERVAL; ENDOBRONCHIAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; LUNG ALVEOLUS CELL CARCINOMA; LUNG LOBECTOMY; LUNG NODULE; LUNG NON SMALL CELL CANCER; LUNG SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; MEDIASTINOSCOPY; MEDIASTINUM LYMPH NODE; MEDLINE; METACHRONOUS SECOND PRIMARY LUNG CANCER; MULTIPLE CANCER; NEEDLE BIOPSY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PANCOAST TUMOR; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SECOND CANCER; STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY; SURGICAL MORTALITY; SYNCHRONOUS SECOND PRIMARY LUNG CANCER; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TEAMWORK; THORAX WALL TUMOR; TREATMENT CONTRAINDICATION; TUMOR BIOPSY; TUMOR INVASION;

EID: 84877639038     PISSN: 00123692     EISSN: 19313543     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1378/chest.12-2362     Document Type: Article

References (254)

1. Lewis SZ, Diekemper R, Addrizzo-Harris DJ. Methodology for development of guidelines for lung cancer: diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013; 143 (5)(suppl): 41S-50S.
2. Ramnath N, Dilling TJ, Harris LJ. Treatment of stage III non-small cell lung cancer: diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013; 143 (5)(suppl): e314S-e340S.
3. Bordoni R. Consensus conference: multimodality management of early-and intermediate-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Oncologist. 2008; 13 (9): 945-953.
4. Saijo N, Fukuoka M, Thongprasert S, et al. Lung cancer working group report. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2010; 40 (suppl 1): i7-i12.
5. French National Federation of Cancer Centers (FNCLCC). Standards, options and recommendations (SOR) for the perioperative treatment of patients with resectable nonsmall cell lung cancer [in French]. Rev Mal Respir. 2007; 24 (8): 1049-1064.
6. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Practice Guidelines for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Jenkintown, PA: National Comprehensive Cancer Network; 2000.
7. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Management of Patients With Lung Cancer: A National Clinical Guideline. Edinburgh, Scotland: Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network; 2005.
8. Shen KR, Meyers BF, Larner JM, Jones DR; American College of Chest Physicians. Special treatment issues in lung cancer: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest. 2007; 132(suppl 3):290S-305S.
9. Detterbeck FC. Changes in the treatment of Pancoast tumors. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003; 75 (6): 1990-1997.
10. Detterbeck FC, Postmus PE, Tanoue LT. The stage classification of lung cancer: diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013; 143 (5)(suppl): e191S-e210S.
11. Dartevelle P, Macchiarini P. Resection of superior sulcus tumors. In: Kaiser LR, Kron IL, Spray TL, eds. Mastery of Cardiothoracic Surgery. Philadelphia, PA : Lippincott-Raven; 1998 : 257-265.
12. Vanfleteren L, van Stiphout R, Riedl RG, Jansen R, De Ruysscher D, Dingemans AM. Primary Ewing's sarcoma presenting as a Pancoast tumour. Thorax. 2011; 66 (1): 89-90.
13. White HD, White BAA, Boethel C, Arroliga AC. Pancoast's syndrome secondary to infectious etiologies: a not so uncommon occurrence. Am J Med Sci. 2011; 341 (4): 333-336.
14. Silvestri GA, Gonzalez AV, Jantz MA, et al. Methods for staging non-small cell lung cancer: diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013; 143 (5)(suppl): e211S-e250S.
15. Heelan RT, Demas BE, Caravelli JF, et al. Superior sulcus tumors: CT and MR imaging. Radiology. 1989; 170 (3 pt 1): 637-641.
16. Shaw RR, Paulson DL, Kee JL. Treatment of superior sulcus tumor by irradiation followed by resection. Ann Surg. 1961; 154 (1): 29-40.
17. Paulson DL. Carcinomas in the superior pulmonary sulcus. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1975; 70 (6): 1095-1104.
18. Van Houtte P, MacLennan I, Poulter C, Rubin P. External radiation in the management of superior sulcus tumor. Cancer. 1984; 54 (2): 223-227.
19. Detterbeck FC, Jones DR, Rosenman JG. Pancoast tumors. In: Detterbeck FC, Rivera MP, Socinski MA et al, eds. Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer: an Evidence Based Guide for the Practicing Clinician. Philadelphia, PA : WB Saunders; 2001 : 94-110.
20. Ahmad K, Fayos JV, Kirsh MM. Apical lung carcinoma. Cancer. 1984; 54 (5): 913-917.
21. Komaki R, Roh J, Cox JD, Lopes da Conceicao A. Superior sulcus tumors: results of irradiation of 36 patients. Cancer. 1981; 48 (7): 1563-1568.
22. Ginsberg RJ, Martini N, Zaman M, et al. Influence of surgical resection and brachytherapy in the management of superior sulcus tumor. Ann Thorac Surg. 1994; 57 (6): 1440-1445.
23. Bolton WD, Rice DC, Goodyear A, et al. Superior sulcus tumors with vertebral body involvement: a multimodality approach. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009; 137 (6): 1379-1387.
24. Gandhi S, Walsh GL, Komaki R, et al. A multidisciplinary surgical approach to superior sulcus tumors with vertebral invasion. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999; 68(5):1778-1784.
25. Dartevelle PG, Chapelier AR, Macchiarini P, et al. Anterior transcervical-thoracic approach for radical resection of lung tumors invading the thoracic inlet. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1993; 105 (6): 1025-1034.
26. Torre W, Garcia-Franco C, Tamura A, et al. Role of surgery in a multidisciplinary approach to superior sulcus tumors (SST): morbidity and prognostic factors for longterm success after resection. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009; 57 (6): 353-357.
27. Rusch VW, Parekh KR, Leon L, et al. Factors determining outcome after surgical resection of T3 and T4 lung cancers of the superior sulcus. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000; 119 (6): 1147-1153.
28. Rusch VW, Giroux DJ, Kraut MJ, et al. Induction chemoradiation and surgical resection for non-small cell lung carcinomas of the superior sulcus: initial results of Southwest Oncology Group Trial 9416 (Intergroup Trial 0160). J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2001; 121 (3): 472-483.
29. Rusch VW, Giroux DJ, Kraut MJ, et al. Induction chemoradiation and surgical resection for superior sulcus nonsmall-cell lung carcinomas: long-term results of Southwest Oncology Group Trial 9416 (Intergroup Trial 0160). J Clin Oncol. 2007; 25 (3): 313-318.
30. Fischer S, Darling G, Pierre AF, et al. Induction chemoradiation therapy followed by surgical resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) invading the thoracic inlet. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008; 33 (6): 1129-1134.
31. Kappers I, van Sandick JW, Burgers JA, et al. Results of combined modality treatment in patients with non-smallcell lung cancer of the superior sulcus and the rationale for surgical resection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2009; 36 (4): 741-746.
32. Kunitoh H, Kato H, Tsuboi M, et al; Japan Clinical Oncology Group. Phase II trial of preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection in patients with superior sulcus non-small-cell lung cancers: report of Japan Clinical Oncology Group trial 9806 [published correction in J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(33):4472]. J Clin Oncol. 2008; 26 (4): 644-649.
33. published correction in J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(33):4472
34. Marra A, Eberhardt W, Pöttgen C, et al. Induction chemotherapy, concurrent chemoradiation and surgery for Pancoast tumour. Eur Respir J. 2007; 29 (1): 117-126.
35. Wright CD, Menard MT, Wain JC, et al. Induction chemoradiation compared with induction radiation for lung cancer involving the superior sulcus. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002; 73 (5): 1541-1544.
36. Martínez-Monge R, Herreros J, Aristu JJ, Aramendía JM, Azinovic I. Combined treatment in superior sulcus tumors. Am J Clin Oncol. 1994; 17 (4): 317-322.
37. Burkhart HM, Allen MS, Nichols FC III, et al. Results of en bloc resection for bronchogenic carcinoma with chest wall invasion. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2002; 123 (4): 670-675.
38. Detterbeck FC, Boffa DJ, Tanoue LT. The new lung cancer staging system. Chest. 2009; 136 (1): 260-271.
39. Doddoli C, D'Journo B, Le Pimpec-Barthes F, et al. Lung cancer invading the chest wall: a plea for en-bloc resection but the need for new treatment strategies. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005; 80 (6): 2032-2040.
40. Matsuoka H, Nishio W, Okada M, Sakamoto T, Yoshimura M, Tsubota N. Resection of chest wall invasion in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004; 26 (6): 1200-1204.
41. Brunelli A, Kim AW, Berger KI, Addrizzo-Harris DJ. Physiologic evaluation of the patient with lung cancer being considered for resectional surgery: diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013; 143 (5)(suppl): e166S-e190S.
42. Stoelben E, Ludwig C. Chest wall resection for lung cancer: indications and techniques. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2009; 35 (3): 450-456.
43. Chapelier A, Fadel E, Macchiarini P, et al. Factors affecting long-term survival after en-bloc resection of lung cancer invading the chest wall. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2000; 18(5): 513-518.
44. Riquet M, Arame A, Le Pimpec Barthes F. Non-small cell lung cancer invading the chest wall. Thorac Surg Clin. 2010; 20 (4): 519-527.
45. Albertucci M, DeMeester TR, Rothberg M, Hagen JA, Santoscoy R, Smyrk TC. Surgery and the management of peripheral lung tumors adherent to the parietal pleura. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1992; 103 (1): 8-12.
46. Pairolero PC, Trastek VF, Payne WS. Treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma with chest wall invasion. Surg Clin North Am. 1987; 67 (5): 959-964.
47. Piehler JM, Pairolero PC, Weiland LH, Offord KP, Payne WS, Bernatz PE. Bronchogenic carcinoma with chest wall invasion: factors affecting survival following en bloc resection. Ann Thorac Surg. 1982; 34 (6): 684-691.
48. Ratto GB, Piacenza G, Frola C, et al. Chest wall involvement by lung cancer: computed tomographic detection and results of operation. Ann Thorac Surg. 1991; 51 (2): 182-188.
49. Downey RJ, Martini N, Rusch VW, Bains MS, Korst RJ, Ginsberg RJ. Extent of chest wall invasion and survival in patients with lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999; 68 (1): 188-193.
50. Shah SS, Goldstraw P. Combined pulmonary and thoracic wall resection for stage III lung cancer. Thorax. 1995; 50 (7): 782-784.
51. Harpole DH Jr, Healey EA, DeCamp MM Jr, Mentzer SJ, Strauss GM, Sugarbaker DJ. Chest wall invasive nonsmall cell lung cancer: patterns of failure and implications for a revised staging system. Ann Surg Oncol. 1996; 3 (3): 261-269.
52. Pitz CCM, Brutel de la Rivière A, Elbers HRJ, Westermann CJ, van den Bosch JM. Surgical treatment of 125 patients with non-small cell lung cancer and chest wall involvement. Thorax. 1996; 51 (8): 846-850.
53. Mishina H, Suemasu K, Yoneyama T, et al. Surgical pathology and prognosis of the combined resection of chest wall and lung in lung cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1978; 8: 161-168.
54. Albain KS, Hoffman PC, Little AG, et al. Pleural involvement in stage IIIM0 non-small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma. A need to differentiate subtypes. Am J Clin Oncol. 1986; 9 (3): 255-261.
55. Maggi G. Results of radical treatment of stage IIIa nonsmall-cell carcinoma of the lung. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1988; 2 (5): 329-335.
56. Paone JF, Spees EK, Newton CG, Lillemoe KD, Kieffer RF, Gadacz TR. An appraisal of en bloc resection of peripheral bronchogenic carcinoma involving the thoracic wall. Chest. 1982; 81 (2): 203-207.
57. McCaughan BC, Martini N, Bains MS, McCormack PM. Chest wall invasion in carcinoma of the lung. Therapeutic and prognostic implications. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1985; 89 (6): 836-841.
58. Izbicki JR, Knoefel WT, Passlick B, Habekost M, Karg O, Thetter O. Risk analysis and long-term survival in patients undergoing extended resection of locally advanced lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1995; 110 (2): 386-395.
59. Nakahashi H, Yasumoto K, Ishida T, et al. Results of surgical treatment of patients with T3 non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 1988; 46 (2): 178-181.
60. Karmy-Jones R, Vallieres E. Non-small cell lung cancer with chest wall involvement [comment]. Chest. 2003; 123 (5): 1323-1325.
61. Trastek VF, Pairolero PC, Piehler JM, et al. En bloc (non-chest wall) resection for bronchogenic carcinoma with parietal fixation. Factors affecting survival. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1984; 87 (3): 352-358.
62. Cangemi V, Volpino P, D'Andrea N, Chiarotti F, Tomassini R, Piat G. Results of surgical treatment of stage IIIA nonsmall cell lung cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1995; 9 (7): 352-359.
63. Mitchell JD, Mathisen DJ, Wright CD, et al. Resection for bronchogenic carcinoma involving the carina: long-term results and effect of nodal status on outcome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2001; 121 (3): 465-471.
64. Porhanov VA, Poliakov IS, Selvaschuk AP, et al. Indications and results of sleeve carinal resection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2002; 22 (5): 685-694.
65. Regnard J-F, Perrotin C, Giovannetti R, et al. Resection for tumors with carinal involvement: technical aspects, results, and prognostic factors. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005; 80(5): 1841-1846.
66. de Perrot M, Fadel E, Mercier O, Mussot S, Chapelier A, Dartevelle P. Long-term results after carinal resection for carcinoma: does the benefit warrant the risk? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006; 131 (1): 81-89.
67. Tsuchiya R, Asamura H, Kondo H, Goya T, Naruke T. Extended resection of the left atrium, great vessels, or both for lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 1994; 57 (4): 960-965.
68. Bobbio A, Carbognani P, Grapeggia M, et al. Surgical outcome of combined pulmonary and atrial resection for lung cancer. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2004; 52 (3): 180-182.
69. Ratto GB, Costa R, Vassallo G, Alloisio A, Maineri P, Bruzzi P. Twelve-year experience with left atrial resection in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004; 78 (1): 234-237.
70. Misthos P, Papagiannakis G, Kokotsakis J, Lazopoulos G, Skouteli E, Lioulias A. Surgical management of lung cancer invading the aorta or the superior vena cava. Lung Cancer. 2007; 56 (2): 223-227.
71. Shargall Y, de Perrot M, Keshavjee S, et al. 15 years single center experience with surgical resection of the superior vena cava for non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2004; 45 (3): 357-363.
72. Rendina EA, Venuta F, De Giacomo T, et al. Induction chemotherapy for T4 centrally located non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1999; 117 (2): 225-233.
73. Fadel E, Missenard G, Court C, et al. Long-term outcomes of en bloc resection of non-small cell lung cancer invading the thoracic inlet and spine. Ann Thorac Surg. 2011; 92 (3): 1024-1030.
74. Chen F, Takahashi A, Omasa M, et al. En bloc total vertebrectomy for lung cancer invading the spine. Lung Cancer. 2008; 61 (1): 137-139.
75. Koizumi K, Haraguchi S, Hirata T, et al. Surgical treatment of lung cancer with vertebral invasion. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2004; 10 (4): 229-234.
76. Yokomise H, Gotoh M, Okamoto T, et al. En bloc partial vertebrectomy for lung cancer invading the spine after induction chemoradiotherapy. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2007; 31 (5): 788-790.
77. Detterbeck FC. Integration of mediastinal staging techniques for lung cancer. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007; 19 (3): 217-224.
78. Kim AW, Detterbeck FC. Surgery for T4 and N3 nonsmall cell lung cancer, additional pulmonary nodules and isolated distant metastases. In: Kernstine K, Reckamp K, Thomas C, eds. Lung Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Diagnosis and Management. New York, NY : Demos Medical Publishing; 2011 : 161-182.
79. Anraku M, Waddell TK, de Perrot M, et al. Induction chemoradiotherapy facilitates radical resection of T4 non-small cell lung cancer invading the spine. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009; 137(2):441-447.
80. Grunenwald DH, Mazel C, Girard P, et al. Radical en bloc resection for lung cancer invading the spine. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2002; 123 (2): 271-279.
81. Bilsky MH, Vitaz TW, Boland PJ, Bains MS, Rajaraman V, Rusch VW. Surgical treatment of superior sulcus tumors with spinal and brachial plexus involvement. J Neurosurg. 2002; 97 (suppl 3): 301-309.
82. Spaggiari L, Magdeleinat P, Kondo H, et al. Results of superior vena cava resection for lung cancer. Analysis of prognostic factors. Lung Cancer. 2004; 44 (3): 339-346.
83. Suzuki K, Asamura H, Watanabe S, Tsuchiya R. Combined resection of superior vena cava for lung carcinoma: prognostic significance of patterns of superior vena cava invasion. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004; 78 (4): 1184-1189.
84. Yildizeli B, Dartevelle PG, Fadel E, Mussot S, Chapelier A. Results of primary surgery with T4 non-small cell lung cancer during a 25-year period in a single center: the benefit is worth the risk. Ann Thorac Surg. 2008; 86(4):1065-1075.
85. Spaggiari L, Leo F, Veronesi G, et al. Superior vena cava resection for lung and mediastinal malignancies: a singlecenter experience with 70 cases. Ann Thorac Surg. 2007; 83 (1): 223-229.
86. Ohta M, Hirabayasi H, Shiono H, et al. Surgical resection for lung cancer with infiltration of the thoracic aorta. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005; 129 (4): 804-808.
87. Klepetko W, Wisser W, Bîrsan T, et al. T4 lung tumors with infiltration of the thoracic aorta: is an operation reasonable? Ann Thorac Surg. 1999; 67 (2): 340-344.
88. Shiraishi T, Shirakusa T, Miyoshi T, et al. Extended resection of T4 lung cancer with invasion of the aorta: is it justified? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005; 53(6): 375-379.
89. Bernard A, Bouchot O, Hagry O, Favre JP. Risk analysis and long-term survival in patients undergoing resection of T4 lung cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2001; 20 (2): 344-349.
90. Muralidaran A, Detterbeck FC, Boffa DJ, Wang Z, Kim AW. Long-term survival after lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer with circulatory bypass: a systematic review. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2011; 142 (5): 1137-1142.
91. Keogan MT, Tung KT, Kaplan DK, Goldstraw PJ, Hansell DM. The significance of pulmonary nodules detected on CT staging for lung cancer. Clin Radiol. 1993; 48 (2): 94-96.
92. Kunitoh H, Eguchi K, Yamada K, et al. Intrapulmonary sublesions detected before surgery in patients with lung cancer. Cancer. 1992; 70 (7): 1876-1879.
93. Cerfolio RJ, Bryant AS. Is palpation of the nonresected pulmonary lobe(s) required for patients with non-small cell lung cancer? A prospective study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008; 135 (2): 261-268.
94. Swensen SJ, Jett JR, Hartman TE, et al. CT screening for lung cancer: five-year prospective experience. Radiology. 2005; 235 (1): 259-265.
95. Pastorino U, Bellomi M, Landoni C, et al. Early lung-cancer detection with spiral CT and positron emission tomography in heavy smokers: 2-year results. Lancet. 2003; 362(9384): 593-597.
96. Swensen SJ, Silverstein MD, Edell ES, et al. Solitary pulmonary nodules: clinical prediction model versus physicians. Mayo Clin Proc. 1999; 74 (4): 319-329.
97. Gould MK, Donington J, Lynch WR, et al. Evaluation of individuals with pulmonary nodules: when is it lung cancer? diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013; 143 (5)(suppl): e93S-e120S.
98. Postmus PE, Brambilla E, Chansky K, et al; International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer International Staging Committee; Cancer Research and Biostatistics; Observers to the Committee; Participating Institutions. The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: proposals for revision of the M descriptors in the forthcoming (seventh) edition of the TNM classification of lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2007; 2 (8): 686-693.
99. Rivera MP, Mehta AC, Wahidi MM. Establishing the diagnosis of lung cancer: diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidencebased clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013; 143 (5)(suppl): e142S-e165S.
100. Martini N, Melamed MR. Multiple primary lung cancers. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1975; 70 (4): 606-612.
101. Detterbeck FC, Jones DR, Kernstine KH, Naunheim KS; American College of Chest Physicians. Lung cancer. Special treatment issues. Chest. 2003; 123 (suppl 1): 244S-258S.
102. van Bodegom PC, Wagenaar SS, Corrin B, Baak JP, Berkel J, Vanderschueren RG. Second primary lung cancer: importance of long term follow up. Thorax. 1989; 44 (10): 788-793.
103. Mathisen DJ, Jensik RJ, Faber LP, Kittle CF. Survival following resection for second and third primary lung cancers. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1984; 88 (4): 502-510.
104. Deschamps C, Pairolero PC, Trastek VF, Payne WS. M ultiple primary lung cancers. Results of surgical treatment. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1990; 99 (5): 769-777.
105. Rosengart TK, Martini N, Ghosn P, Burt M. Multiple primary lung carcinomas: prognosis and treatment. Ann Thorac Surg. 1991; 52 (4): 773-778.
106. Verhagen AFTM, Tavilla G, van de Wal HJCM, Cox AL, Lacquet LK. Multiple primary lung cancers. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1994; 42 (1): 40-44.
107. Adebonojo SA, Moritz DM, Danby CA. The results of modern surgical therapy for multiple primary lung cancers. Chest. 1997; 112 (3): 693-701.
108. Okada M, Tsubota N, Yoshimura M, Miyamoto Y. Operative approach for multiple primary lung carcinomas. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998; 115 (4): 836-840.
109. Antakli T, Schaefer RF, Rutherford JE, Read RC. Second primary lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 1995; 59(4): 863-866.
110. Ribet M, Dambron P. Multiple primary lung cancers. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1995; 9 (5): 231-236.
111. Van Meerbeeck J, Weyler J, Thibaut A, et al. Second primary lung cancer in Flanders: frequency, clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis. Lung Cancer. 1996; 15(3): 281-295.
112. Wu SC, Lin ZQ, Xu CW, Koo KS, Huang OL, Xie DQ. Multiple primary lung cancers. Chest. 1987; 92 (5): 892-896.
113. De Leyn P, Moons J, Vansteenkiste J, et al. Survival after resection of synchronous bilateral lung cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008; 34 (6): 1215-1222.
114. Lee JG, Lee CY, Kim DJ, Chung KY, Park IK. Non-small cell lung cancer with ipsilateral pulmonary metastases: prognosis analysis and staging assessment. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008; 33 (3): 480-484.
115. Riquet M, Cazes A, Pfeuty K, et al. Multiple lung cancers prognosis: what about histology? Ann Thorac Surg. 2008; 86 (3): 921-926.
116. Rostad H, Strand TE, Naalsund A, Norstein J. Resected synchronous primary malignant lung tumors: a populationbased study. Ann Thorac Surg. 2008; 85 (1): 204-209.
117. Battafarano RJ, Meyers BF, Guthrie TJ, Cooper JD, Patterson GA. Surgical resection of multifocal non-small cell lung cancer is associated with prolonged survival. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002; 74 (4): 988-993.
118. Detterbeck FC, Jones DR, Funkhouser WK Jr. Satellite nodules and multiple primary cancers. In: Detterbeck FC, Rivera MP, Socinski MA, et al, eds. Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer: an Evidence-Based Guide for the Practicing Clinician. Philadelphia, PA : W. B. Saunders; 2001 : 437-449.
119. Lee BE, Port JL, Stiles BM, et al. TNM stage is the most important determinant of survival in metachronous lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009; 88 (4): 1100-1105.
120. Battafarano RJ, Force SD, Meyers BF, et al. Benefits of resection for metachronous lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2004; 127 (3): 836-842.
121. Finley DJ, Yoshizawa A, Travis W, et al. Predictors of outcomes after surgical treatment of synchronous primary lung cancers. J Thorac Oncol. 2010; 5 (2): 197-205.
122. Russell PA, Wainer Z, Wright GM, Daniels M, Conron M, Williams RA. Does lung adenocarcinoma subtype predict patient survival?: A clinicopathologic study based on the new International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society international multidisciplinary lung adenocarcinoma classification. J Thorac Oncol. 2011; 6 (9): 1496-1504.
123. Sica G, Yoshizawa A, Sima CS, et al. A grading system of lung adenocarcinomas based on histologic pattern is predictive of disease recurrence in stage I tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010; 34 (8): 1155-1162.
124. Yim J, Zhu L-C, Chiriboga L, Watson HN, Goldberg JD, Moreira AL. Histologic features are important prognostic indicators in early stages lung adenocarcinomas. Mod Pathol. 2007; 20 (2): 233-241.
125. Warth A, Stenzinger A, von Brünneck A-C, et al. Interobserver variability in the application of the novel IASLC/ATS/ERS classification for pulmonary adenocarcinomas. Eur Respir J. 2012; 40 (5): 1221-1227.
126. Motoi N, Szoke J, Riely GJ, et al. Lung adenocarcinoma: modification of the 2004 WHO mixed subtype to include the major histologic subtype suggests correlations between papillary and micropapillary adenocarcinoma subtypes, EGFR mutations and gene expression analysis. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008; 32 (6): 810-827.
127. Yoshizawa A, Motoi N, Riely GJ, et al. Impact of proposed IASLC/ATS/ERS classification of lung adenocarcinoma: prognostic subgroups and implications for further revision of staging based on analysis of 514 stage I cases. Mod Pathol. 2011; 24 (5): 653-664.
128. Travis W, Brambilla E, Noguchi M, et al. The new IASLC/ATS/ERS international multidisciplinary lung adenocarcinoma classification. Paper presented at: 13th World Con ference on Lung Cancer; August 4, 2009; San Francisco, CA.
129. Wittekind C, Compton C, Brierley J, Sobin L, eds; Union for International Cancer Control. TNM Supplement: A Commentary on Uniform Use. West Sussex, England : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2012.
130. Wang X, Wang M, MacLennan GT, et al. Evidence for common clonal origin of multifocal lung cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009; 101 (8): 560-570.
131. Hiroshima K, Toyozaki T, Kohno H, Ohwada H, Fujisawa T. Synchronous and metachronous lung carcinomas: molecular evidence for multicentricity. Pathol Int. 1998; 48(11): 869-876.
132. Huang J, Behrens C, Wistuba I, Gazdar AF, Jagirdar J. Molecular analysis of synchronous and metachronous tumors of the lung: impact on management and prognosis. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2001; 5 (6): 321-329.
133. Dacic SMDP, Ionescu DNMD, Finkelstein SMD, Yousem SA. Patterns of allelic loss of synchronous adenocarcinomas of the lung. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005; 29 (7): 897-902.
134. Chang Y-L, Wu C-T, Lin S-C, Hsiao CF, Jou YS, Lee YC. Clonality and prognostic implications of p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor somatic aberrations in multiple primary lung cancers. Clin Cancer Res. 2007; 13 (1): 52-58.
135. Girard ND, Deshpande C, Lau C, et al. Comprehensive histologic assessment helps to differentiate multiple lung primary nonsmall cell carcinomas from metastases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009; 33 (12): 1752-1764.
136. Girard N, Ostrovnaya I, Lau C, et al. Genomic and mutational profiling to assess clonal relationships between multiple non-small cell lung cancers. Clin Cancer Res. 2009; 15 (16): 5184-5190.
137. Sequist LV, Waltman BA, Dias-Santagata D, et al. Genotypic and histological evolution of lung cancers acquiring resis tance to EGFR inhibitors. Sci Transl Med. 2011; 3(75): 75ra26.
138. Carretta A, Ciriaco P, Melloni G, et al. Surgical treatment of multiple primary adenocarcinomas of the lung. Thorac Cardiov Surg. 2009; 57(1):30-34.
139. van Rens MTM, Zanen P, Brutel de La Rivière A, Elbers HR, van Swieten HA, van Den Bosch JM. Survival in synchronous vs. single lung cancer: upstaging better reflects prognosis. Chest. 2000; 118 (4): 952-958.
140. Fabian T, Bryant AS, Mouhlas AL, Federico JA, Cerfolio RJ. Survival after resection of synchronous non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2011; 142 (3): 547-553.
141. Voltolini L, Rapicetta C, Luzzi L, et al. Surgical treatment of synchronous multiple lung cancer located in a different lobe or lung: high survival in node-negative subgroup. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2010; 37 (5): 1198-1204.
142. Shah AA, Barfield ME, Kelsey CR, et al. Outcomes after surgical management of synchronous bilateral primary lung cancers. Ann Thorac Surg. 2012; 93 (4): 1055-1060.
143. Jung EJ, Lee JH, Jeon K, et al. Treatment outcomes for patients with synchronous multiple primary non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2011; 73 (2): 237-242.
144. Kocaturk CI, Gunluoglu MZ, Cansever L, et al. Survival and prognostic factors in surgically resected synchronous multiple primary lung cancers. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2011; 39 (2): 160-166.
145. Aziz TM, Saad RA, Glasser J, Jilaihawi AN, Prakash D. The management of second primary lung cancers. A single centre experience in 15 years. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2002; 21 (3): 527-533.
146. Bae MK, Byun CS, Lee CY, et al. Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for surgically resected second primary lung cancer. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012; 60 (8): 525-532.
147. Vansteenkiste JF, De Belie B, Deneffe GJ, et al; Leuven Lung Cancer Group. Practical approach to patients presenting with multiple synchronous suspect lung lesions: a reflection on the current TNM classification based on 54 cases with complete follow-up. Lung Cancer. 2001; 34 (2): 169-175.
148. Ferguson MK, DeMeester TR, DesLauriers J, Little AG, Piraux M, Golomb H. Diagnosis and management of synchronous lung cancers. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1985; 89 (3): 378-385.
149. Detterbeck FC, Gibson CJ. Turning gray: the natural history of lung cancer over time. J Thorac Oncol. 2008; 3 (7): 781-792.
150. Howington JA, Blum MG, Chang AC, Balekian AA, Murthy SC. Treatment of stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer: diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013; 143 (5)(suppl): e278S-e313S.
151. Detterbeck FC, Boffa DJ, Tanoue LT, Wilson LD. Details and difficulties regarding the new lung cancer staging system. Chest. 2010; 137 (5): 1172-1180.
152. Okada M, Tsubota N, Yoshimura M, Miyamoto Y, Nakai R. Evaluation of TMN classification for lung carcinoma with ipsilateral intrapulmonary metastasis. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999; 68 (2): 326-330.
153. Osaki T, Sugio K, Hanagiri T, et al. Survival and prognostic factors of surgically resected T4 non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003; 75(6):1745-1751.
154. Watanabe Y, Shimizu J, Oda M, et al. Proposals regarding some deficiencies in the new international staging system for non-small cell lung cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1991; 21 (3): 160-168.
155. Ruffini E, Filosso PL, Bruna MC, et al. Recommended changes for T and N descriptors proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer-Lung Cancer Staging Project: a validation study from a single-centre experience. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2009; 36 (6): 1037-1044.
156. Trousse D, D'Journo XB, Avaro J-P, et al. Multifocal T4 non-small cell lung cancer: a subset with improved prognosis. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008; 33 (1): 99-103.
157. Terzi A, Falezza G, Benato C, et al. Survival following complete resection of multifocal T4 node-negative NSCLC: a retrospective study. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;55(1):44-47.
158. Pennathur A, Lindeman B, Ferson P, et al. Surgical resection is justified in non-small cell lung cancer patients with node negative T4 satellite lesions. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009; 87 (3): 893-899.
159. Rao J, Sayeed RA, Tomaszek S, Fischer S, Keshavjee S, Darling GE. Prognostic factors in resected satellite-nodule T4 non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 2007; 84 (3): 934-938.
160. Bryant AS, Pereira SJ, Miller DL, Cerfolio RJ. Satellite pulmonary nodule in the same lobe (T4N0) should not be staged as IIIB non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006; 82 (5): 1808-1813.
161. Rami-Porta R, Ball D, Crowley J, et al; International Staging Committee; Cancer Research and Biostatistics; Observers to the Committee; Participating Institutions. The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: proposals for the revision of the T descriptors in the forthcoming (seventh) edition of the TNM classification for lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2007; 2 (7): 593-602.
162. Ou SHI, Zell JA. Validation study of the proposed IASLC staging revisions of the T4 and M non-small cell lung cancer descriptors using data from 23,583 patients in the California Cancer Registry. J Thorac Oncol. 2008; 3 (3): 216-227.
163. Zell JA, Ou SH, Ziogas A, Anton-Culver H. Survival improvements for advanced stage nonbronchioloalveolar carcinoma-type nonsmall cell lung cancer cases with ipsilateral intrapulmonary nodules. Cancer. 2008; 112(1):136-143.
164. William WN Jr, Lin HY, Lee JJ, Lippman SM, Roth JA, Kim ES. Revisiting stage IIIB and IV non-small cell lung cancer: analysis of the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results data. Chest. 2009; 136 (3): 701-709.
165. Tung Y-W, Hsu C-P, Shai S-E, Hsia JY, Yang SS, Chen CY. Surgical feasibility of ipsilateral multifocal non-small cell lung cancer in different lobes: excellent survival in nodenegative subgroup. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2003; 24 (6): 1008-1012.
166. Nagai K, Sohara Y, Tsuchiya R, Goya T, Miyaoka E; Japan Lung Cancer Registration Committee. Prognosis of resected non-small cell lung cancer patients with intrapulmonary metastases. J Thorac Oncol. 2007; 2 (4): 282-286.
167. Okumura T, Asamura H, Suzuki K, Kondo H, Tsuchiya R. Intrapulmonary metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer: a prognostic assessment. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2001; 122 (1): 24-28.
168. Yano M, Arai T, Inagaki K, Morita T, Nomura T, Ito H. Intrapulmonary satellite nodule of lung cancer as a T factor. Chest. 1998; 114 (5): 1305-1308.
169. Shimizu N, Ando A, Date H, Teramoto S. Prognosis of undetected intrapulmonary metastases in resected lung cancer. Cancer. 1993; 71 (12): 3868-3872.
170. Yoshino I, Nakanishi R, Osaki T, et al. Postoperative prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer with synchronous ipsilateral intrapulmonary metastasis. Ann Thorac Surg. 1997; 64 (3): 809-813.
171. Fukuse T, Hirata T, Tanaka F, Yanagihara K, Hitomi S, Wada H. Prognosis of ipsilateral intrapulmonary metastases in resected nonsmall cell lung cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1997; 12 (2): 218-223.
172. Oliaro A, Filosso PL, Cavallo A, et al. The significance of intrapulmonary metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer: upstaging or downstaging? A re-appraisal for the next TNM staging system. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008; 34 (2): 438-443.
173. Port JL, Korst RJ, Lee PC, Kansler AL, Kerem Y, Altorki NK. Surgical resection for multifocal (T4) non-small cell lung cancer: is the T4 designation valid? Ann Thorac Surg. 2007; 83 (2): 397-400.
174. Deslauriers J, Brisson J, Cartier R, et al. Carcinoma of the lung. Evaluation of satellite nodules as a factor influencing prognosis after resection. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1989; 97 (4): 504-512.
175. Okubo K, Bando T, Miyahara R, et al. Resection of pulmonary metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2009; 4 (2): 203-207.
176. Arenberg D; American College of Chest Physicians. Bronchioloalveolar lung cancer: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest. 2007; 132(suppl 3): 306S-313S.
177. Garfield DH, Cadranel JL, Wislez M, Franklin WA, Hirsch FR. The bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and peripheral adenocarcinoma spectrum of diseases. J Thorac Oncol. 2006; 1 (4): 344-359.
178. Detterbeck FC, Jones DR, Funkhouser WK Jr. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. In: Detterbeck FC, Rivera MP, Socinski MA, et al, eds. Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer: An Evidence-Based Guide for the Practicing Clinician. Philadelphia, PA : W. B. Saunders; 2001 : 394-407.
179. Kim HK, Choi YS, Kim J, Shim YM, Lee KS, Kim K. Management of multiple pure ground-glass opacity lesions in patients with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. J Thorac Oncol. 2010; 5 (2): 206-210.
180. Kakinuma R, Ohmatsu H, Kaneko M, et al. Progression of focal pure ground-glass opacity detected by low-dose helical computed tomography screening for lung cancer. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2004; 28 (1): 17-23.
181. Nakata M, Sawada S, Yamashita M, et al. Surgical treatments for multiple primary adenocarcinoma of the lung. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004; 78 (4): 1194-1199.
182. Travis WD, Garg K, Franklin WA, et al. Evolving concepts in the pathology and computed tomography imaging of lung adenocarcinoma and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2005; 23 (14): 3279-3287.
183. Sakuma Y, Matsukuma S, Yoshihara M, et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations in atypical adenomatous hyperplasias of the lung. Mod Pathol. 2007; 20 (9): 967-973.
184. Takashima S, Maruyama Y, Hasegawa M, et al. CT findings and progression of small peripheral lung neoplasms having a replacement growth pattern. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003; 180 (3): 817-826.
185. Kerr KM. Pulmonary adenocarcinomas: classification and reporting. Histopathology. 2009; 54 (1): 12-27.
186. Kitamura H, Kameda Y, Nakamura N, et al. Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and bronchoalveolar lung carcinoma. Analysis by morphometry and the expressions of p53 and carcinoembryonic antigen. Am J Surg Pathol. 1996; 20 (5): 553-562.
187. Yatabe Y, Borczuk AC, Powell CA. Do all lung adenocarcinomas follow a stepwise progression? Lung Cancer. 2011; 74 (1): 7-11.
188. Trousse D, Barlesi F, Loundou A, et al. Synchronous multiple primary lung cancer: an increasing clinical occurrence requiring multidisciplinary management. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007; 133 (5): 1193-1200.
189. Miller RR, Nelems B, Evans KG, Müller NL, Ostrow DN. Glandular neoplasia of the lung. A proposed analogy to colonic tumors. Cancer. 1988; 61 (5): 1009-1014.
190. Ullmann R, Bongiovanni M, Halbwedl I, et al. Is high-grade adenomatous hyperplasia an early bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma? J Pathol. 2003; 201 (3): 371-376.
191. Wislez M, Massiani M-A, Milleron B, et al. Clinical characteristics of pneumonic-type adenocarcinoma of the lung. Chest. 2003; 123 (6): 1868-1877.
192. Akira M, Atagi S, Kawahara M, Iuchi K, Johkoh T. Highresolution CT findings of diffuse bronchioloalveolar carcinoma in 38 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999; 173 (6): 1623-1629.
193. Roberts PF, Straznicka M, Lara PN, et al. Resection of multifocal non-small cell lung cancer when the bronchioloalveolar subtype is involved. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003; 126 (5): 1597-1602.
194. Zell JA, Ou SH, Ziogas A, Anton-Culver H. Long-term survival differences for bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma patients with ipsilateral intrapulmonary metastasis at diagnosis. Ann Oncol. 2006; 17 (8): 1255-1262.
195. Valastyan S, Weinberg RA. Tumor metastasis: molecular insights and evolving paradigms. Cell. 2011; 147 (2): 275-292.
196. Kim TJ, Goo JM, Lee KW, Park CM, Lee HJ. Clinical, pathological and thin-section CT features of persistent multiple ground-glass opacity nodules: comparison with solitary ground-glass opacity nodule. Lung Cancer. 2009; 64 (2): 171-178.
197. Park JH, Lee KS, Kim JH, et al. Malignant pure pulmonary ground-glass opacity nodules: prognostic implications. Korean J Radiol. 2009; 10 (1): 12-20.
198. Van Schil PE, Asamura H, Rusch VW, et al. Surgical implications of the new IASLC/ATS/ERS adenocarcinoma classification. Eur Respir J. 2012; 39 (2): 478-486.
199. Travis WD, Brambilla E, Noguchi M, et al. International Asso ciation for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society international multidisciplinary classification of lung adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol. 2011; 6 (2): 244-285.
200. Detterbeck F, Khandani AH. The role of PET imaging in solitary pulmonary nodules. Clin Pulm Med. 2009; 16 (2): 81-88.
201. Nomori H, Watanabe K, Ohtsuka T, Naruke T, Suemasu K, Uno K. Evaluation of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET scanning for pulmonary nodules less than 3 cm in diameter, with special reference to the CT images. Lung Cancer. 2004; 45 (1): 19-27.
202. Casali C, Rossi G, Marchioni A, et al. A single institution-based retrospective study of surgically treated bronchoioloalveolar adenocarcinoma of the lung: clinicopathologic analysis, molecular features, and possible pitfalls in routine practice. J Thorac Oncol. 2010; 5 (6): 830-836.
203. Ebright MI, Zakowski MF, Martin J, et al. Clinical pattern and pathologic stage but not histologic features predict outcome for bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002; 74 (5): 1640-1646.
204. Mun M, Kohno T. Efficacy of thoracoscopic resection for multifocal bronchioloalveolar carcinoma showing pure ground-glass opacities of 20 mm or less in diameter. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007; 134 (4): 877-882.
205. Soffietti R, Rudà R, Trevisan E. Brain metastases: current management and new developments. Curr Opin Oncol. 2008; 20 (6): 676-684.
206. Nishikawa T, Ueba T, Kawashima M, et al. Early detection of metachronous brain metastases by biannual brain MRI follow-up may provide patients with non-small cell lung cancer with more opportunities to have radiosurgery. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2010; 112 (9): 770-774.
207. Simoff MJ, Lally B, Slade MG. Symptom management in patients with lung cancer: diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013; 143 (5)(suppl): e455S-e497S.
208. Bindal RK, Sawaya R, Leavens ME, Lee JJ. Surgical treatment of multiple brain metastases. J Neurosurg. 1993; 79 (2): 210-216.
209. Mariya Y, Sekizawa G, Matsuoka Y, Seki H, Sugawara T. Outcome of stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer metastatic to the brain. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2010; 51 (3): 333-342.
210. Fuentes R, Bonfill X, Exposito J. Surgery versus radiosurgery for patients with a solitary brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006; (1): CD004840.
211. Furák J, Troján I, Szöke T, et al. Lung cancer and its operable brain metastasis: survival rate and staging problems. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005; 79 (1): 241-247.
212. Torre M, Quaini E, Chiesa G, Ravini M, Soresi E, Belloni PA. Synchronous brain metastasis from lung cancer. Result of surgical treatment in combined resection. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1988; 95 (6): 994-997.
213. Modi A, Vohra HA, Weeden DF. Does surgery for primary non-small cell lung cancer and cerebral metastasis have any impact on survival? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2009; 8 (4): 467-473.
214. Granone P, Margaritora S, D'Andrilli A, Cesario A, Kawamukai K, Meacci E. Non-small cell lung cancer with single brain metastasis: the role of surgical treatment. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2001; 20 (2): 361-366.
215. Bonnette P, Puyo P, Gabriel C, et al; Groupe Thorax. Surgical management of non-small cell lung cancer with synchronous brain metastases. Chest. 2001; 119(5): 1469-1475.
216. Billing PS, Miller DL, Allen MS, Deschamps C, Trastek VF, Pairolero PC. Surgical treatment of primary lung cancer with synchronous brain metastases. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2001; 122 (3): 548-553.
217. Iwasaki A, Shirakusa T, Yoshinaga Y, Enatsu S, Yamamoto M. Evaluation of the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastasis and the role of risk score as a survival predictor. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004; 26 (3): 488-493.
218. Girard N, Cottin V, Tronc F, et al. Chemotherapy is the cornerstone of the combined surgical treatment of lung cancer with synchronous brain metastases. Lung Cancer. 2006; 53 (1): 51-58.
219. Penel N, Brichet A, Prevost B, et al. Prognostic factors of synchronous brain metastases from lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2001; 33 (2-3): 143-154.
220. Mussi A, Pistolesi M, Lucchi M, et al. Resection of single brain metastasis in non-small-cell lung cancer: prognostic factors. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1996; 112 (1): 146-153.
221. Wroński M, Arbit E, Burt M, Galicich JH. Survival after surgical treatment of brain metastases from lung cancer: a follow-up study of 231 patients treated between 1976 and 1991. J Neurosurg. 1995; 83 (4): 605-616.
222. Bindal AK, Bindal RK, Hess KR, et al. Surgery versus radiosurgery in the treatment of brain metastasis. J Neurosurg. 1996; 84 (5): 748-754.
223. Moazami N, Rice TW, Rybicki LA, et al. Stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer and metachronous brain metastases. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2002; 124 (1): 113-122.
224. Hu C, Chang EL, Hassenbusch SJ III, et al. Nonsmall cell lung cancer presenting with synchronous solitary brain metastasis. Cancer. 2006; 106 (9): 1998-2004.
225. Xu Z, Elsharkawy M, Schlesinger D, Sheehan J. Gamma knife radiosurgery for resectable brain metastasis [published online ahead of print April 3, 2012 ]. World Neurosurg. 2012. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2012.03.021.
226. Nakagawa H, Miyawaki Y, Fujita T, et al. Surgical treatment of brain metastases of lung cancer: retrospective analysis of 89 cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1994; 57(8): 950-956.
227. Mordant P, Arame A, De Dominicis F, et al. Which metastasis management allows long-term survival of synchronous solitary M1b non-small cell lung cancer? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2012; 41 (3): 617-622.
228. Flannery TW, Suntharalingam M, Regine WF, et al. Longterm survival in patients with synchronous, solitary brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer treated with radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008; 72 (1): 19-23.
229. Flannery TW, Suntharalingam M, Kwok Y, et al. Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery for synchronous versus metachronous solitary brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2003; 42 (3): 327-333.
230. Louie AV, Rodrigues G, Yaremko B, et al. Management and prognosis in synchronous solitary resected brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer. Clin Lung Cancer. 2009; 10 (3): 174-179.
231. Arrieta O, Villarreal-Garza C, Zamora J, et al. Long-term survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and synchronous brain metastasis treated with whole-brain radiotherapy and thoracic chemoradiation. Radiat Oncol. 2011; 6 : 166.
232. Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Regine WF, et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of single metastases to the brain: a randomized trial. JAMA. 1998; 280 (17): 1485-1489.
233. Flickinger JC, Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD, et al. A multi-institutional experience with stereotactic radiosurgery for solitary brain metastasis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1994; 28 (4): 797-802.
234. Smalley SR, Laws ER Jr, O'Fallon JR, Shaw EG, Schray MF. Resection for solitary brain metastasis. Role of adjuvant radiation and prognostic variables in 229 patients. J Neurosurg. 1992; 77 (4): 531-540.
235. Burt M, Wronski M, Arbit E, Galicich JH; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Thoracic Surgical Staff. Resection of brain metastases from non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Results of therapy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1992; 103 (3): 399-410.
236. Armstrong JG, Wronski M, Galicich J, Arbit E, Leibel SA, Burt M. Postoperative radiation for lung cancer metastatic to the brain. J Clin Oncol. 1994; 12 (11): 2340-2344.
237. Shiau C-Y, Sneed PK, Shu H-KG, et al. Radiosurgery for brain metastases: relationship of dose and pattern of enhancement to local control. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1997; 37 (2): 375-383.
238. Young RF, Jacques DB, Duma C, et al. Gamma knife radiosurgery for treatment of multiple brain metastases: a comparison of patients with single versus multiple lesions. Radiosurgery. 1996; 1 : 92-101.
239. DeAngelis LM, Mandell LR, Thaler HT, et al. The role of postoperative radiotherapy after resection of single brain metastases. Neurosurgery. 1989; 24 (6): 798-805.
240. Smalley SR, Schray MF, Laws ER Jr, O'Fallon JR. Adjuvant radiation therapy after surgical resection of solitary brain metastasis: association with pattern of failure and survival. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1987; 13 (11): 1611-1616.
241. Mercier O, Fadel E, de Perrot M, et al. Surgical treatment of solitary adrenal metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005; 130 (1): 136-140.
242. Raz DJ, Lanuti M, Gaissert HC, Wright CD, Mathisen DJ, Wain JC. Outcomes of patients with isolated adrenal metastasis from non-small cell lung carcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg. 2011; 92 (5): 1788-1792.
243. Lucchi M, Dini P, Ambrogi MC, et al. Metachronous adrenal masses in resected non-small cell lung cancer patients: therapeutic implications of laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2005; 27 (5): 753-756.
244. Strong VE, D'Angelica M, Tang L, et al. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for isolated adrenal metastasis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007; 14 (12): 3392-3400.
245. Wade TP, Longo WE, Virgo KS, Johnson FE. A comparison of adrenalectomy with other resections for metastatic cancers. Am J Surg. 1998; 175 (3): 183-186.
246. Tanvetyanon T, Eikman EA, Sommers E, Robinson L, Boulware D, Bepler G. Computed tomography response, but not positron emission tomography scan response, predicts survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008; 26 (28): 4610-4616.
247. Pham DT, Dean DA, Detterbeck FC. Adrenalectomy as the new treatment paradigm for solitary adrenal metastasis from lung cancer. Paper presented at: 37th Annual Meeting of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons; January 29-31, 2001; New Orleans, LA.
248. Porte H, Siat J, Guibert B, et al. Resection of adrenal metastases from non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter study. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001; 71 (3): 981-985.
249. Detterbeck FC, Bleiweis MS, Ewend MG. Surgical treatment of stage IV non-small cell lung cancer. In: Detterbeck FC, Rivera MP, Socinski MA, et al, eds. Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer: an Evidence-Based Guide for the Practicing Clinician. Philadelphia, PA : W. B. Saunders; 2001 : 326-338.
250. Oshiro Y, Takeda Y, Hirano S, Ito H, Aruga T. Role of radiotherapy for local control of asymptomatic adrenal metastasis from lung cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 2011; 34 (3): 249-253.
251. Luketich JD, Martini N, Ginsberg RJ, Rigberg D, Burt ME. Successful treatment of solitary extracranial metastases from non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 1995; 60 (6): 1609-1611.
252. Ambrogi V, Nofroni I, Tonini G, Mineo TC. Skin metastases in lung cancer: analysis of a 10-year experience. Oncol Rep. 2001; 8 (1): 57-61.
253. Hishida T, Nagai K, Yoshida J, et al. Is surgical resection indicated for a solitary non-small cell lung cancer recurrence? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006; 131 (4): 838-842.
254. Downey RJ, Ng KK, Kris MG, et al. A phase II trial of chemotherapy and surgery for non-small cell lung cancer patients with a synchronous solitary metastasis. Lung Cancer. 2002; 38 (2): 193-197.