Nadir CD4+, religion, antiretroviral therapy, incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and increasing rates of obesity among black Africans with HIV disease

International Journal of General Medicine

Volumn 5, Issue , 2012, Pages 983-990

  Ndona, Madone Mandina ^a   Longo Mbenza, Benjamin ^b   Wumba, Roger ^a   Umba, Barthelemy Tandu ^a   Buassa bu Tsumbu, Baudouin ^a   Mambimbi, Marcel Mbula ^a   Wobin, Thaddée Odio ^a   Fuele, Simon Mbungu ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KINSHASA   (Congo)

^b WALTER SISULU UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

^c Biostatistics Unit of Lomo Medical Center and Heart of Africa Center of Cardiology   (Democratic Republic Congo)

Author keywords

Africans; Diabetes mellitus; Human immunodeficiency virus; Religion; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT;

ABDOMINAL OBESITY; ADULT; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; ARTICLE; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; CONGO; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ETHNIC GROUP; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OBESITY; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RELIGION; SEX DIFFERENCE; SMOKING;

EID: 84877138298     PISSN: None     EISSN: 11787074     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S32167     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Murphy EL, Collier AC, Kalish LA, et al. Highly active antiretroviral therapy decreases mortality and morbidity in patients with advanced HIV disease. Ann Intern Med. 2001;135:17-26.
2. Wong KH, Chan KCW, Lee SS. Delayed progression to death and to AIDS in a Hong Kong cohort of patients with advanced HIV type 1 disease during the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:853-860.
3. Chan KC, Wong KH, Lee SS. Universal decline in mortality in patients with advanced HIV-1 disease in various demographic subpopulations after the introduction of HAART in Hong Kong, from 1993 to 2002. HIV Med. 2006;7:186-192.
4. Mzileni MO, Longo-Mbenza B, Chephe TJ. Mortality and causes of death in HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at Tshepang Clinic in Doctor Serge Mukhari Hospital. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2008;118:548-554.
5. Justman JE, Benning L, Danoff A, et al. Protease inhibitor use and the incidence of diabetes mellitus in a large cohort of HIV-infected women. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003;32:298-302.
6. Brown TT, Cole SR, Li X, et al. Antiretroviral therapy and the prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus in the multicenter AIDS cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:1179-1184.
7. Chu C, Umanski G, Blank A, Meissner P, Grossberg R, Selwyn PA. Comorbidity-related treatment outcomes among HIV-infected adults in the Bronx, NY. J Urban Health. 2011;88:507-516.
8. Glass TR, Ungsedhapand C, Wolbers M, et al. Prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected patients over time: the Swiss HIV cohort study. HIV Med. 2006;7:404-410.
9. Galli L, Salpietro S, Pellicciotta G, et al. Risk of type 2 diabetes among HIV-infected and healthy subjects in Italy. Eur J Epidemiol. Epub June 22, 2012.
10. Ho JE, Scherzar R, Hecht FM, et al. The association of CD4+ T-cell counts and cardiovascular risk in treated HIV disease. AIDS. 2012;26:1115-1120.
11. Longo-Mbenza B, Nkoy Belila J, Vangu Ngoma D, Mbungu Fuele S. Prevalence and Risk factors of arterial hypertension among urban Africans in Workplace: the obsolete role of body mass index. Niger J Med. 2007;16:42-49.
12. Hadigan C, Meigs JB, Corcoran C, et al. Metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults with HIV infection and lipodystrophy. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32:130-139.
13. Lee JC. Altered glucose metabolism in HIV-infected patients treated with HAART. J Pharm Pract. 2004;17:80-86.
14. Dube MP. Disorders of glucose metabolism in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 2000;31:1467-1475.
15. Carr A, Samaras K, Thorisdottir A, Kaufman GR, Chisholm DJ, Cooper DA. Diagnosis, prediction, and natural course of HIV-1 protease-inhibitor-associated lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes mellitus: a cohort study. Lancet. 1999;353:2093-2099.
16. Ledergerber B, Furrer H, Rickenbach M, et al. Factors associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in HIV-infected participants in the SWISS HIV cohort study. J Infect Dis. 2007;45:111-119.
17. Idiculla J, Ravindra'n GD, D'Souza J, Singh G, Furruqh S. Diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in HIV-positive patients in South India. Int J Gen Med. 2011;4:73-78.
18. Barbaro G. Metabolic and cardiovascular complications of highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection. Curr HIV Res. 2006;4:79-85.
19. Hommes MJ, Romijin JA, Ender E, et al. Insulin sensitivity and insulin-clearance in human immunodiciency virus infected men. Metabolism. 1991;40:651-656.
20. Koeppe J, Kosmiski L. Apparent Resolution of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus after Initiation of potent Antiretroviral therapy in a Man from Africa with HIV Infection. Clinical Infectious Disease. 2006;42:e79-e81.
21. World Health Organization. Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents. 2009:1-28.
22. Miller V, Mocroft A, Reiss P, et al. Relations among CD4 lymphocyte count nadir, antiretroviral therapy, and HIV-1 disease progression: results from the EuroSIDA Study. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:570-577.
23. Lelo MG, Mampunza MM, Longo-Mbenza B, et al. Psycho-social determinants of progression to AIDS among black Africans in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Psychiatry and Mental Health. 2012;2:1.
24. Wilson PA, Wittlin NM, Munoz-Laboy M, Parker R. Ideologies of black churches in New York City and the public health crisis of HIV among black men who have sex with men. Glob Public Health. 2011;6 Suppl 2:S227-S242.
25. Pfeiffer J. Pentecostalism and AIDS treatment in Mozambique: creating new approaches to HIV prevention through anti-retroviral therapy. Glob Public Health. 2011;6 Suppl 2:S163-S173.
26. Ministry of Health. National Program Against HIV/AIDS and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections. Guidelines for Treating Adolescents and Adult HIV Infection by Antiretroviral Medication. Kinshasa: Ministry of Health; 2008.
27. World Health Organization. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Interim proposal for a WHO staging system for HIV infection and disease. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 1990;65:221-228.
28. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1993 Reversed classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance Case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults. MMWR Recomm Rep. 1992;41:1-19.
29. Kasiam Lasi On'Kin JB, Longo-Mbenza B, Nge Okwe A, Kangola Kabangu N. Survey of abdominal obesities in an adult urban population of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2007;18:300-307.
30. Longo-Mbenza B, Nkoy Belila J, Vangu Ngoma D, Mbungu Fuele S. Prevalence and risk factors of arterial hypertension among urban Africans in workplace: the obsolete role of body mass index. Niger J Med. 2007;16:42-49.
31. STEPwise approach to surveillance. Available from: http://www.who.int/chp/steps/en/. Accessed July 30, 2007.
32. Wit S, Sabin CA, Weber R, et al. Incidence and risk factors for new onset diabetes mellitus in HIV infected patients: The D:A:D study. Diabetes Care. 2008;31:1224-1229.
33. Brown TT, Coles SR, Li X, et al. Antiretroviral therapy and the prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus in the multicenter AIDS cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:1179-1184.
34. Salehian B, Bilas J, Bazangan M, Abbasian M. Prevalence and incidence of diabetes in HIV-infected minority patients on protease inhibitors. J Natl Med Assoc. 2005;97:1088-1092.
35. Iloeje UH, Yuan Y, L'Italien G, et al. Protease inhibitor exposure and increased risk of cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected patients. HIV Med. 2005;6:37-44.
36. Noor MA, Lo JC, Mulligan K, et al. Metabolic effects of indinivir in healthy HIV-seronegative men. AIDS. 2001;15:F11-F18.
37. Hommes MJ, Romijin JA, Ender E, et al. Insulin sensitivity and insulin-clearance in human immunodeficiency virus infected men. Metabolism. 1991;40:651-656.
38. Koeppe J, Kosmiski L. Apparent resolution of type 2 diabetes mellitus after initiation of potent antiretroviral therapy in a man from Africa with HIV infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:e79-e81.
39. Sellmeyer DE, Grunfield C. Endocrine and metabolic disturbances in human immunodeficiency virus infection and the acquired immune deficiency Syndrome. Endocr Rev. 1996;17:518-532.
40. Bhasin S, Singh AB, Javanbakht M. Neuroendocrine abnormalities associated with HIV infection. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2001;30:749-764.
41. Limone P, Biglino A, Valle M, et al. Insulin resistance in HIV-infected patients: relationship with pro-inflammatory cytokines released by peripheral leukocytes. J Infect. 2003;47:52-58.
42. Reeds D, Yarasheski KE, Fontana L, et al. Alterations in liver, muscle, and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in men with HIV infection and dyslipidemia. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006;290:E47-E53.
43. Refacli Y, Levy D, Winer D. The glucocorticoid receptor type Π complex is a target of the HIV-1 Vpr gene product. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995;92:3621-3625.
44. Kino T, De Martino MV, Charmandari E, Ichijo T, Outas T, Chrousos GP. HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr inhibits the effect of insulin on the foxo subfamily of forehead transcription factors by interfering with their binding to the 14-13-3 proteins. Diabetes. 2005;54:23-31.
45. Dehout F, Haumont S, Gaham N, et al. Metabolic syndrome in Bantu subjects with type 2 diabetes from sub-Saharan extraction: prevalence, gender differences and HOMA hyperbolic product. Diab Metab Synd. 2008;2:5-1.
46. Worm SW, De Wit S, Weber R, et al. Diabetes mellitus, preexisting coronary heart disease, and the risk of subsequent coronary heart disease. Events in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The data collection on adverse events of anti-HIV drugs (D:A:D Study). Circulation. 2009;119:805-811.
47. Parikh NI, Pencina MJ, Wang TJ, et al. Increasing trends in incidence of overweight and obesity over 5 decades. Am J Med. 2007;120:242-250.
48. Crum-Cianflone N, Roediger MP, Eberly L, et al. Increasing rates of obesity among HIV-infected persons during the HIV epidemic. PLoS One. 2010;5:e10106.
49. Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration. Life expectancy of individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy in high-income countries: a collaboration analysis of 14 cohort studies. Lancet. 2008;272:293-299.
50. Palella FJ Jr, Delaney KM, Moorman AC, et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:853-860.
51. Smit E, Skolasky RL, Dobs AS, et al. Changes in the incidence and predictors of wasting syndrome related to human immunodeficiency virus infection, 1987-1998. Am J Epidemiol. 2002;156:211-218.
52. Mocroft A, Sabin CA, Youle M, et al. Changes in AIDS-defining illnesses in a London clinic, 1987-1998. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999;21:401-407.
53. Hodgson LM, Ghattas H, Prichitt H, et al. Wasting and obesity in HIV outpatients. AIDS. 2001;15:2341-2342.
54. Ferrando SJ, Rabkin JG, Lin SH, McElhiney M. Increase in body cell mass and decrease in wasting are associated with increasing potency of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2005;19:216-223.