Immune mechanism: A 'double-edged sword'

Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences

Volumn 20, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 61-67

  Musa, Mustaffa ^a  

^a SCHOOL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

Immune response; SLE; Tuberculosis; Vaccine

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BCG VACCINE; DNA VACCINE; HEPATITIS VACCINE; MEASLES VACCINE; POLIOMYELITIS VACCINE;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANTIBODY PRODUCTION; ANTIBODY RESPONSE; ARTICLE; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG RESEARCH; DRUG SAFETY; EPIDEMIC; HEPATITIS; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; HYPERSENSITIVITY; HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION TYPE I; HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION TYPE II; HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION TYPE III; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; MEASLES; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE; MULTIDRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; POLIOMYELITIS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREVALENCE; RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; TUBERCULOSIS; VACCINATION;

EID: 84877118030     PISSN: 1394195X     EISSN: 21804303     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Stites DP, Terr AI, Parslow TG. Basic & Clinical Immunology. 8th ed. Los Altos (CA): A lange Medical Book; 1994.
2. Male D, Brostoff J, Roth DB, Roitt IM. Immunology. 7th ed. St Louis (MO): Mosby Elsevier; 2006.
3. Klaus DE. Immunology: understanding the immune system. 2nd ed. United States (US): Wiley & Son Publication: 2009.
4. Janeway C, Paul T, Mark W, Mark S. Immunobiology. 5th ed. New York (NY) and London (UK): Garlang Science; 2001.
5. Flynn JL, Chan J. Tuberculosis: latency and reactivation. Infect Immun. 2001;69(7):4195-4201.
6. Bermudez LE, Goodman J. Mycobacterium tuberculosis invades and replicates within type II alveolar cells. Infect Immun. 1996;64(4):1400-1406.
7. Kaufmann SH. Immunity to intracellular microbial pathogens. Immunol Today. 1995;16(7):338-342.
8. Andersen P. Host responses and antigens involved in protective immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Scand J Immunol. 1997;45(2):115-131.
9. Flynn JL. Immunology of tuberculosis and implications in vaccine development. Tuberculosis Edin. 2004;84(1-2):93-101.
10. Cho S, Mehra V, Thoma-Uszynski S, Stenger S, Serbina N, Mazzaccaro RJ, et al. Antimicrobial activity of MHC class I-restricted CD8+ T cells in human tuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000;97(22):12210-12215.
11. Reichman LB. Tuberculosis elimination-what's to stop? Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 1997;1(1):3-11.
12. Global tuberculosis control surveillance, planning, financing. WHO report. Geneva (DE): World Health Organization; 2009. Unpublished document WHO/TB/2002.287.
13. Frieden TR, Sterling TR, Munsiff SS, Watt CJ, Dye C. Tuberculosis. Lancet. 2003;362(9387):887-399.
14. Hemvani N, Chitnis DS, Bhatia GC, Sharma N. Drug resistance among tubercle bacilli from pulmonary tuberculosis cases in central India. Indian J Med Sci. 2002;55(7):382-392.
15. Campos PE, Suarez PG, Sanchez J, Zavala D, Arevalo, J, Ticona E, et al. Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons, Peru. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003;9(12):1571-1578.
16. Anderson P, Doherty TM. The success and failure of BCG-implications for a novel tuberculosis vaccine. Nat Rev Immunol. 2005;3:3656-3662.
17. Fine P. Variation in protection by BCG: implications of and for heterologous immunity. Lancet. 1995;346(8986):1339-1345.
18. Abou-Zeid C, Gares MP, Inwald J, Janssen R, Zhang Y, Young DB, et al. Induction of a type 1 immune response to a recombinant antigen from Mycobacterium tuberculosis expressed in Mycobacterium vaccae. Infect Immun. 1997;65(5):1856-1862.
19. Agustine NF, Mustaffa M, Zainul FZ. Construction and immunogenicitystudy of a newly construct DNA vaccine candidate against Tuberculosis in mice. Aspac J Mol Biol Biotechnol. 2009;17(1):3-9.
20. Doherty TM. New vaccines against tuberculosis. Trop Med Int Health. 2004;9(7):818-826.
21. Britton WJ, Palendira U. Improving vaccines against tuberculosis. Immunol Cell Biol. 2003;81(1):34-45.
22. Fang CM. Development of muti-epitope vaccines for tuberculosis [PhD Thesis]. School of Health Sciences (MY): USM; 2005.
23. Millard TP, Hawk JL, McGregor JM. Photosensitivity in lupus. Lupus. 2000;9(1):3-10.
24. Pisetsky DS. Systemic lupus erythematosus: Epidemiology, pathology, and pathogenesis. In: Klippel J, editor. 12th ed. Primer on the rheumatic diseases. Atlanta (GE): Arthritis Foundation; 2001. p. 329-335.
25. Edworthy SM. Clinical manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. In: Ruddy S, Harris ED, Sledge CB, editors. 6th ed. Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology. Philadelphis (US): Sunders; 2001. p. 1105-1119.
26. Sharon GC. The pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Orthopaedic Nursing. 2006;25(2): 140-145.
27. CheMaraina CH, M.D. Kamaliah and M. Ishak. The autoantibody profile and its association with clinical manisfestations in Malay SLE patients. Asia Pac J of Allergy and Immunol. 2004;22(1):33-37.
28. Wang F, Wang CL, Tan CT, Manivasagar M. Systemic lupus erythematosus in Malaysia: a study of 539 patients and comparison of prevalence and disease expression in different racial and gender groups. Lupus. 1997;6(3):248-257.
29. Frank, AO. Ethnic distribution of patients with SLE seen in University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur 1967-1976. Med J Malaysia. 1980;34(3):230-237.
30. Osio-Salido E, Manapat-Reyes H. Lupus Epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus in Asia. Lupus. 2010;19(12):1365-1373.
31. McCarty DJ, Manzi S, Medsger TA, Ramsey-Goldman R, LaPorte RE, Kwoh CK. Incidence of systemiclupus erythematosus: Race and gender differences. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1995;38(9):1260-1270.
32. Lahita RG. Gender and age in lupus. In: Lahita RG, editor. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. 4th ed. New York (NY): Academic Press; 1999. p. 203-221.