Synthetic Biology and Conservation of Nature: Wicked Problems and Wicked Solutions

PLoS Biology

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2013, Pages

  Redford, Kent H ^a   Adams, William ^b   Mace, Georgina M ^c  

^a Archipelago Consulting   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CLIMATE CHANGE; COMMUNITY; CONSERVATION BIOLOGY; ECOSYSTEM; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; GENETIC ENGINEERING; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; SOCIETY; SPECIES EXTINCTION; SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY;

ANIMALS; BIODIVERSITY; CLIMATE CHANGE; ENDANGERED SPECIES; EXTINCTION, BIOLOGICAL; GENETIC ENGINEERING; SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY;

EID: 84876986278     PISSN: 15449173     EISSN: 15457885     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001530     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Kumar S, (2012) Extinction need not be forever. Nature 492: 9.
2. Rittel HWJ, Webber MM, (1973) Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy Sciences 4: 155-169.
3. Adams WM (2004) Against extinction: the story of conservation. London: Earthscan. 311 p.
4. Convention on Biological Diversity. Aichi Biodiversity Targets. Available: http://www.cbd.int/sp/targets/. Accessed December 2012.
5. Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues (2010) New directions: the ethics of synthetic biology and emerging technologies. Available: http://bioethics.gov/cms/sites/default/files/PCSBI-Synthetic-Biology-Report-12.16.10.pdf. Accessed December 2012.
6. Carlson RH (2010) Biology is technology. The promise, peril and new business of engineering life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 279 p.
7. Church G, Regis E (2012) Regenesis: how synthetic biology will reinvent nature and ourselves. New York, NY: Basic Books. 284 p.
8. Bergin J (2011) Synthetic biology: emerging global markets. BCC Research. Available: http://www.reportsnreports.com/reports/125412-synthetic-biology-emerging-global-markets.html. Accessed December 2012.
9. Pennisi E, (2011) DARPA offers $30 million to jump-start cellular factories. Science 333: 147.
10. Collins J, (2012) Bits and pieces come to life. Scientists are combining biology and engineering to change the world. Nature 483: S08-S10.
11. Lloyd's Emerging Risks Team Report (2009) Synthetic biology. Influencing development. Available: http://www.lloyds.com/~/media/25352cf96fee4a8fb28f4ab1746f58ac.ashx. Accessed December 2012.
12. ETC Group (2010) Synthetic biology: creating artificial life forms. Briefing and recommendations for CBD delegates to COP 10. Available: http://www.etcgroup.org/sites/www.etcgroup.org/files/publication/pdf_file/ETC_COP10SynbioBriefing081010.pdf. Accessed December 2012.
13. Marris C, Rose N (2012) Let's get real on synthetic biology. New Scientist. 11 June 2012.
14. Dana GV, Kuiken T, Rejeski D, Snow AA, (2012) Four steps to avoid a synthetic-biology disaster. Nature 483: 29.
15. Zhang JY, Marris C, Rose N (2011) The transnational governance of synthetic biology. Scientific uncertainty, cross-borderness and the 'art' of governance. BIOS Working Paper no. 4. London School of Economics and Political Science.
16. ECNH (Federal Ethics Committee on Non-Human Biotechnology) (2010) Synthetic biology - ethical considerations. Available: http://www.ekah.admin.ch/fileadmin/ekah-dateien/dokumentation/publikationen/e-Synthetische_Bio_Broschuere.pdf. Accessed December 2012.
17. Gutmann A, (2011) The ethics of synthetic biology: guiding principles for emerging technologies. Hastings Center Report 41 no. 4: 17-22.
18. Kaebnick G, (2009) Should moral objections to synthetic biology affect public policy? Nat Biotechnol 27 (12): 1106-1108.
19. ETC Group (2007) Extreme genetic engineering. An introduction to synthetic biology. Available: http://www.etcgroup.org/upload/publication/602/01/synbioreportweb.pdf. Accessed December 2012.
20. ETC Group (2010) The new biomassters. Synthetic biology and the next assault on biodiversity and livelihoods. Available: http://www.etcgroup.org/content/new-biomassters. Accessed December 2012.
21. Friends of the Earth (2011) Synthetic solutions to the climate crisis: the dangers of synthetic biology for biofuels production. Available: http://www.cbd.int/doc/emerging-issues/foe-synthetic-biology-for-biofuels-2011-013-en.pdf. Accessed December 2012.
22. Hall R (2012) Bio-economy versus biodiversity. Global Forest Coalition. Available: http://globalforestcoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Bioecono-vs-biodiv-report-with-frontage-2.pdf. Accessed December 2012.
23. Sutherland WJ, Aveling R, Bennum L, Chapman E, Clout M, et al. (2012) A horizon scan of global conservation issues for 2012. Trends Ecol Evol 27: 13-18.
24. Biermann F, Abbott K, Andresen S, Backstrand K, Bernstein S, et al. (2012) Navigating the Anthropocene: improving earth system governance. Science 335: 1306-1307.
25. DeFries R, Ellis E, Chapin FS III, Matson P, Turner BL II, et al. (2012) Planetary opportunities: a social contract for global change science to contribute to a sustainable future. Bio Science 62: 603-606.
26. Pereira HM, Leadley PW, Proenca V, Alkemade R, Schartemann JPW, et al. (2010) Scenarios for global biodiversity in the 21st century. Science 330: 1496-1501.
27. Rands MR, Adams WA, Bennum L, Butchart SHM, Clements A, et al. (2010) Biodiversity conservation: challenges beyond 2010. Science 329: 1298-1303.
28. The Conference of the Parties. Advance unedited copy of COP-11 decisions. Available: http://www.cbd.int/cop/cop-11/doc/2012-10-24-advanced-unedited-cop-11-decisions-en.pdf. Accessed December 2012.
29. Fisher MC, Henk DA, Briggs CJ, Brownstein JC, Dadoff LC, et al. (2012) Emerging fungal threats to animal, plant and ecosystem health. Nature 484: 186-194.
30. The Long Now Foundation. Available: http://rare.longnow.org.
31. Norton BG (2010) Synthetic biology: some concerns of a biodiversity advocate. Remarks on synthetic biology to the Presidential Commission on Bioethics. Available: http://bioethics.gov/cms/sites/default/files/Synthetic-Biology.pdf. Accessed December 2012.
32. Dudley N (2011) Authenticity in nature. Making choices about the naturalness of ecosystems. New York: Earthscan. 244 p.
33. Kaebnick GE, editor (2011) The ideal of nature. Debates about biotechnology and the environment. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 208 p.
34. Schmidt M, (2010) Xenobiology: a new form of life as the ultimate biosafety tool. Bio Essays 32: 322-331.
35. Mace GM, Norris K, Fitter AH, (2011) Biodiversity and ecosystem services: a multilayered relationship. Trends Ecol Evol 27: 19-26 doi:10.1016/j.tree.2011.08.006.
36. WCS-Futures Group, bio-era (2007) Futures of the wild. A project of the Wildlife Conservation Society Futures Group. Bronx, N.Y.: Wildlife Conservation Society.
37. Bio-era (2007) Genome synthesis and design futures: implications for the U.S. economy. A Special Bio-era Report. Sponsored by U.S. Department of Energy.
38. Gilbert D (2007) Stumbling on happiness. New York: Random House. 336 p.