Mortality following unemployment in Canada, 1991-2001

BMC Public Health

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2013, Pages

  Mustard, Cameron A ^a,b   Bielecky, Amber ^a   Etches, Jacob ^a   Wilkins, Russell ^c,d   Tjepkema, Michael ^d   Amick, Benjamin C ^a,e   Smith, Peter M ^a,b,f   Aronson, Kristan J ^g  

^a INSTITUTE FOR WORK AND HEALTH   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

^d STATISTICS CANADA   (Canada)

^e UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^f MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^g QUEEN S UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Mortality; Occupational health; Unemployment

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CANADA; CAUSE OF DEATH; COHORT ANALYSIS; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; RISK ASSESSMENT; STATISTICS; UNEMPLOYMENT;

ADULT; AGED; CANADA; CAUSE OF DEATH; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; RISK ASSESSMENT; UNEMPLOYMENT;

MLCS; MLOWN;

EID: 84876963313     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14712458     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-441     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. The Canadian census mortality follow-up study, 1991 through 2001. Wilkins R, Tjepkema M, Mustard CA, et al. Health Rep 2008 19 25 43 18847143
2. Mortality by employment status in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study. Sorlie PD, Rogot E, Am J Epi 1990 132 983 92 (Pubitemid 20363677)
3. Health inequalities among British civil servants: The Whitehall II Study. Marmot MG, Smith GD, Stansfeld S, et al. Lancet 1991 337 1387 93 10.1016/0140-6736(91)93068-K 1674771
4. Occupational class and cause specific mortality in middle aged men in eleven European countries: comparison of population based studies. Kunst AE, Groenhof F, Mackenbach JP, BMJ 1998 316 1636 42 10.1136/bmj.316.7145.1636 9603745
5. New evidence and enhanced understandings: labour market experiences and health. Mustard CA, Lavis J, Ostry A, Creating Healthier Societies: From Analysis to Action New York: Oxford University Press, Heymann J, Hertzman C, Barer M, Evans R, 2005 421 95
6. Work and its role in shaping the social gradient in health. Clougherty JE, Souza K, Cullen MR, Ann NY Acad Sci 2010 1186 102 24 10.1111/j.1749-6632. 2009.05338.x 20201870
7. Unemployment and mortality in Denmark 1970-1980. Iversen L, Andersen O, Andersen PK, et al. BMJ 1987 295 879 84 10.1136/bmj.295.6603.879 3119084
8. The effect of social support in moderating the health consequences of unemployment. Gore S, J Health Soc Behav 1978 19 157 65 10.2307/2136531 681730 (Pubitemid 8361403)
9. Health consequences of employment and unemployment: longitudinal evidence for young men and women. Graetz B, Soc Sci Med 1993 36 715 24 10.1016/0277-9536(93)90032-Y 8480216 (Pubitemid 23132354)
10. The experience of losing a job: reported changes in health, symptoms and illness behavior. Kasl SV, Gore S, Cobb S, Psychosom Med 1975 37 106 22 1135358
11. The contribution of unemployment to socioeconomic health differences. Klein-Hesselink DJ, Spruit IP, Int J Epidemiol 1992 21 329 37 10.1093/ije/21.2.329 1428489
12. Serious illness in childhood and its association with later-life achievement. Wadsworth MEJ, Class and Health: Research and Longitudinal Data London: Tavistock, Wilkinson RG, 1986
13. Losing life and livelihood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of unemployment and all-cause mortality. Roelfs DJ, Shor E, Davidson KW, Schwartz JE, Soc Sci Med 2011 72 6 840 854 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.01.005 21330027
14. The health effects of economic decline. Catalano R, Goldman-Mellor S, Saxton K, et al. Annu Rev Public Health 2011 21 431 50
15. Work-related population health indicators. Lavis JN, Mustard CA, Payne JI, et al. Can J Public Health 2001 92 72 8 11257998 (Pubitemid 32249205)
16. The public health effect of economic crises and alternate policy responses in Europe: an empirical analysis. Stuckler D, Basu S, Suhrcke M, et al. Lancet 2009 374 315 23 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61124-7 19589588
17. Effects of the 2008 recession on health: a first look at European data. Stuckler D, Basu S, Suhrcke M, et al. Lancet 2011 378 124 25 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61079-9 21742166
18. Unemployment and ill health: Understanding the relationship. Bartley M, J Epidemiol Community Health 1994 48 333 37 10.1136/jech.48.4.333 7964329 (Pubitemid 24271301)
19. Work, employment and unemployment: values, theories and approaches to social research. Jahoda M, Am Psychol 1981 36 184 91
20. The association between unemployment and mortality: causation or selection. Valkonen T, Martikainen P, Adult Mortality in Developed Countries from: Description to Explanation New York: Oxford University Press, Lopez A, Caselli G, Valkonen T, 1995
21. Unemployment and mortality-A longitudinal prospective study on selection and causation in 49,321 Swedish middle-aged men. Lundin A, Lundberg I, Hallsten L, et al. J Epidemiol Community Health 2010 64 22 28 10.1136/jech.2008.079269 19289388
22. Unemployment and mortality: Comparison of the 1971 and 1981 Longitudinal Study census samples. Moser KA, Goldblatt PO, Fox AJ, et al. BMJ 1987 296 86 90 (Pubitemid 17230089)
23. Excess mortality of unemployed men and women during a period of rapidly increasing unemployment. Martikainen PT, Valkonen T, Lancet 1996 348 909 12 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)03291-6 8843808 (Pubitemid 26333846)
24. Educational differentials in mortality: United States, 1979-85. Elo IT, Preston SH, Soc Sci Med 1996 42 47 57 10.1016/0277-9536(95)00062-3 8745107 (Pubitemid 26009496)
25. Socioeconomic inequalities in premature mortality in France: have they widened in recent decades? Leclerc A, Chastang JF, Menvielle G, et al. Soc Sci Med 2006 62 2035 45 10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.08.031 16162384
26. Valkonen T, Martelin T, Rimpela A, Socio-economic mortality differences in Finland 1971-85. Population Series Helsinki: Statistics Finland 1990 8434266
27. Trends in occupational mortality among middle-aged men in Sweden 1961-1990. Diderichsen F, Hallqvist J, Int J Epidemiol 1997 26 782 87 10.1093/ije/26.4.782 9279610 (Pubitemid 27367854)
28. Employment and Immigration Canada, National Occupational Classification: Occupational descriptions Ottawa (ON): Canada Communications Group 1993
29. World Health Organization, Manual of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death. Ninth Revision Geneva: World Health Organization 1977
30. World Health Organization, International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision Geneva: World Health Organization 1992
31. The Canadian Labour Market at a Glance Ottawa: Statistics Canada http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/71-222-x/71-222-x2008001-eng.pdf
32. Unemployment and mortality: a comparative study of Germany and the United States. McLeod CB, Lavis JN, MacNab YC, Hertzman C, Am J Public Health 2012 102 1542 1550 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300475 22698036
33. A healthy economy can break your heart. Ruhm C, Demography 2008 44 829 48
34. Unemployment and suicide in the Stockholm population: A register-based study on 771,068 men and women. Lundin A, Lundberg I, Allebeck P, et al. Public Health 2012 126 371 7 10.1016/j.puhe.2012.01.020 22480712
35. Geran L, Tully P, Wood P, Thomas B, Comparability of ICD-10 and ICD-9 for mortality statistics in Canada Ottawa: Statistics Canada. Cat no. 84-548-XIE 2005
36. Cumulative Impact of sustained economic hardship on physical, cognitive psychological, and social functioning. Lynch JW, Kaplan GA, Shema SJ, N Engl J Med 1997 337 1889 95 10.1056/NEJM199712253372606 9407157 (Pubitemid 28053030)