Risk of stroke or systemic embolism in atrial fibrillation patients treated with warfarin: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Stroke

Volumn 44, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 1329-1336

  Albertsen, Ida Ehlers ^a,b   Rasmussen, Lars Hvilsted ^c   Overvad, Thure Filskov ^a,b   Graungaard, Tina ^a   Larsen, Torben Bjerregaard ^a   Lip, Gregory Y H ^b,c  

^a AALBORG UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^c AALBORG UNIVERSITY   (Denmark)

Author keywords

atrial fibrillation; oral anticoagulation; stroke; warfarin

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; WARFARIN;

ASIAN; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CHADS2 SCORE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DISEASE SEVERITY; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HUMAN; KIDNEY DISEASE; KIDNEY FUNCTION; META ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; THROMBOEMBOLISM;

AGED; ANTICOAGULANTS; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; EMBOLISM; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK; RISK ASSESSMENT; STROKE; WARFARIN;

EID: 84876862702     PISSN: 00392499     EISSN: 15244628     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.000883     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang TJ, Leip EP, Larson MG, Levy D, Vasan RS, et al. Lifetime risk for development of atrial fbrillation: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2004;110:1042-1046.
2. Benjamin EJ, Wolf PA, D'Agostino RB, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB, Levy D. Impact of atrial fbrillation on the risk of death: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 1998;98:946-952.
3. Krahn AD, Manfreda J, Tate RB, Mathewson FA, Cuddy TE. The natural history of atrial fbrillation: incidence, risk factors, and prognosis in the Manitoba Follow-Up Study. Am J Med. 1995;98:476-484.
4. Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fbrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke. 1991;22:983-988.
5. Camm AJ, Lip GYH, Caterina RD, Savelieva I, Atar D, Hohnloser SH, et al. 2012 focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fbrillation. An update of the 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fbrillation. Eur Heart J. 2012;33:2719-2747.
6. The Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Guidelines for the management of atrial fbrillation. Eur Heart J. 2010;31:2369-2429.
7. Hart RG, Pearce LA, Aguilar MI. Meta-analysis: antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fbrillation. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:857-867.
8. Gallagher AM, Setakis E, Plumb JM, Clemens A, van Staa TP. Risks of stroke and mortality associated with suboptimal anticoagulation in atrial fbrillation patients. Thromb Haemost. 2011;106:968-977.
9. Potpara TS, Polovina MM, Licina MM, Marinkovic JM, Prostran MS, Lip GY. Reliable identifcation of "truly low" thromboembolic risk in patients initially diagnosed with "lone" atrial fbrillation: the Belgrade atrial fbrillation study. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2012;5:319-326.
10. Ahrens I, Lip GY, Peter K. New oral anticoagulant drugs in cardiovascular disease. Thromb Haemost. 2010;104:49-60.
11. Agarwal S, Hachamovitch R, Menon V. Current trial-associated outcomes with warfarin in prevention of stroke in patients with nonval-vular atrial fbrillation: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172: 623-631.
12. Executive Steering Committee on behalf of the SPORTIF III Investigators. Stroke prevention with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran compared with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fbrillation (SPORTIF III): randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;362:1691-1698
13. SPORTIF Executive Steering Committee for the SPORTIF V Investigators. Ximelagatran vs warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fbrillation. J Am Med Assoc. 2005;293:690-698.
14. Mant J, Hobbs FDR, Fletcher K, Roalfe A, Fitzmaurice D, Lip GYH, et al. Warfarin versus aspirin for stroke prevention in an elderly community population with atrial fbrillation (the Birmingham Atrial Fibrillation Treatment of the Aged Study, BAFTA): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2007;370:493-503.
15. Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, Eikelboom J, Oldgren J, Parekh A, et al; RE-LY Steering Committee and Investigators. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fbrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1139-1151
16. The ROCKET AF Investigators. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonval-vular atrial fbrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:883-891
17. The ARISTOTLE Committees and Investigators. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fbrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365: 981-992.
18. Miyasaka Y, Barnes ME, Gersh BJ, Cha SS, Bailey KR, Abhayaratna W P, et al. Secular trends in incidence of atrial fbrillation in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1980 to 2000, and implications on the projections for future prevalence. Circulation. 2006;114:119-125.
19. Gage BF, Waterman AD, Shannon W, Boechler M, Rich MW, Radford MJ. Validation of clinical classifcation schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Med Assoc. 2001;285:2864-2870.
20. Lip GY, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, Lane DA, Crijns HJ. Refning clinical risk stratifcation for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fbrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: the euro heart survey on atrial fbrillation. Chest. 2010;137:263-272.
21. Marinigh R, Lip GYH, Fiotti N, Giansante C, Lane DA. Age as a risk factor for stroke in atrial fbrillation patients Implications for thrombo-prophylaxis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56:827-837.
22. van Walraven C, Hart RG, Connolly S, Austin PC, Mant J, Hobbs FD, et al. Effect of age on stroke prevention therapy in patients with atrial fbril-lation: the atrial fbrillation investigators. Stroke. 2009;40:1410-1416.
23. Chao TF, Liu CJ, Chen SJ, Wang KL, Lin YJ, Chang SL, et al. Atrial fbrillation and the risk of ischemic stroke: does it still matter in patients with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 0 or 1? Stroke. 2012;43:2551-2555.
24. Mikkelsen A, Lindhardsen J, Lip GYH, Gislason GH, Torp-Pedersen C, Olesen JB. Female sex as a risk factor for stroke in atrial fbrillation: a nationwide cohort study. J Thromb Haemost. 2012;10:1745-1751.
25. Friberg L, Benson L, Rosenqvist M, Lip GY. Assessment of female sex as a risk factor in atrial fbrillation in Sweden: nationwide retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2012;344:e3522.
26. Avgil Tsadok M, Jackevicius CA, Rahme E, Humphries KH, Behlouli H, Pilote L. Sex differences in stroke risk among older patients with recently diagnosed atrial fbrillation. J Am Med Assoc. 2012;307:1952-1958.
27. Friberg J, Scharling H, Gadsbøll N, Truelsen T, Jensen GB; Copenhagen City Heart Study. Comparison of the impact of atrial fbrillation on the risk of stroke and cardiovascular death in women versus men (The Copenhagen City Heart Study). Am J Cardiol. 2004;94:889-894.
28. Ogilvie IM, Welner SA, Cowell W, Lip GY. Characterization of the proportion of untreated and antiplatelet therapy treated patients with atrial fbrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2011;108:151-161.
29. Ezekowitz MD, Wallentin L, Connolly SJ, Parekh A, Chernick MR, Pogue J, et al; RE-LY Steering Committee and Investigators. Dabigatran and warfarin in vitamin K antagonist-naive and-experienced cohorts with atrial fbrillation. Circulation. 2010;122:2246-2253.
30. Lee M, Saver JL, Chang KH, Liao HW, Chang SC, Ovbiagele B. Low glomerular fltration rate and risk of stroke: meta-analysis. BMJ. 2010;341:c4249.
31. Olesen JB, Lip GY, Kamper AL, Hommel K, Køber L, Lane DA, et al. Stroke and bleeding in atrial fbrillation with chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:625-635.
32. Hart RG, Pearce LA, Asinger RW, Herzog CA. Warfarin in atrial fbril-lation patients with moderate chronic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;6:2599-2604.
33. Marinigh R, Lane DA, Lip GY. Severe renal impairment and stroke prevention in atrial fbrillation: implications for thromboprophylaxis and bleeding risk. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:1339-1348.
34. Lip G Y, Bawden L, Hodson R, Rutland E, Snatchfold J, Beevers DG. Atrial fbrillation amongst the Indo-Asian general practice population. The West Birmingham Atrial Fibrillation Project. Int J Cardiol. 1998;65:187-192.
35. Ruo B, Capra AM, Jensvold NG, Go AS. Racial variation in the prevalence of atrial fbrillation among patients with heart failure: the Epidemiology, Practice, Outcomes, and Costs of Heart Failure (EPOCH) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43:429-435.
36. Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA, Chang Y, Henault LE, Selby JV, et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fbrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. J Am Med Assoc. 2001;285:2370-2375.
37. Lip GYH, Brechin CM, Lane DA. The global burden of atrial fbrillation and stroke: a systematic review of the epidemiology of atrial fbrillation in regions outside North America and Europe. Chest. 2012;142:1489-1498.