A re-assessment of the epidemiology and patient characteristics of hepatitis D virus infection in inner city London

Journal of Infection

Volumn 66, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 521-527

  William Tong, C Y ^a,b   Asher, Radha ^a   Toby, Martina ^a   Ngui, Siew L ^c   Tettmar, Kate ^c   Ijaz, Samreen ^c   Tedder, Richard ^c   Kulasegaram, Ranjababu ^a   Wilkinson, Mark ^a   Wong, Terry ^a  

^a GUY'S AND ST THOMAS' NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^b KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

Author keywords

Cirrhosis; HDV endemic areas; HIV co infection; Intravenous drug users

Indexed keywords

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ALPHA FETOPROTEIN; ANTIBODY; HEPATITIS DELTA ANTIBODY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M ANTIBODY; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIRUS RNA;

ADULT; AFRICA; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DELTA AGENT HEPATITIS; FEMALE; HEPATITIS B; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INFECTION RISK; INTERNATIONAL NORMALIZED RATIO; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIGRATION; MIXED INFECTION; PATIENT ASSESSMENT; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY; SEROPREVALENCE; UNITED KINGDOM;

ADULT; COHORT STUDIES; COINFECTION; FEMALE; HEPATITIS D; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; LONDON; MALE; PREVALENCE; STATISTICS, NONPARAMETRIC; SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS;

EID: 84876826165     PISSN: 01634453     EISSN: 15322742     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2013.02.006     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Rizzetto M., Canese M.G., Arico S., Crivelli O., Trepo C., Bonino F., et al. Immunofluorescence detection of new antigen-antibody system (delta/anti-delta) associated to hepatitis B virus in liver and in serum of HBsAg carriers. Gut 1977, 18(12):997-1003.
2. Rizzetto M., Hoyer B., Canese M.G., Shih J.W., Purcell R.H., Gerin J.L. delta Agent: association of delta antigen with hepatitis B surface antigen and RNA in serum of delta-infected chimpanzees. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980, 77(10):6124-6128.
3. Rizzetto M., Purcell R.H., Gerin J.L. Epidemiology of HBV-associated delta agent: geographical distribution of anti-delta and prevalence in polytransfused HBsAg carriers. Lancet 1980, 1(8180):1215-1218.
4. Kelly V., Kensit J., Barrett A. Hepatitis D (delta) infection in south-east London. Lancet 1989, 1(8628):45.
5. Tedder R.S., Briggs M., Howell D.R. U.K. prevalence of delta infection. Lancet 1982, 2(8301):764-765.
6. Ponzetto A., Cohen B.J., Vandervelde E.M., Mortimer P.P. Delta agent in Britain. Lancet 1983, 2(8359):1141-1142.
7. McCruden E.A., Follett E.A. Hepatitis delta virus infections in intravenous drug abusers with hepatitis B in the west of Scotland. J Med Virol 1989, 29(1):59-62.
8. Turner G.C., Panton N., Vandervelde E.M. Delta infection and drug abuse in Merseyside. J Infect 1989, 19(2):113-118.
9. Smith H.M., Alexander G.J., Webb G., McManus T., McFarlane I.G., Williams R. Hepatitis B and delta virus infection among " at risk" populations in south east London. J Epidemiol Community Health 1992, 46(2):144-147.
10. Bielawski K.P., Zietkowski D., Charmuszko U., Sikorska K., Stalke P. Hepatitis delta virus infection in chronically HBV-infected patients from northern Poland. Arch Virol 2006, 151(6):1207-1215.
11. Drobeniuc J., Hutin Y.J., Harpaz R., Favorov M., Melnik A., Iarovoi P., et al. Prevalence of hepatitis B, D and C virus infections among children and pregnant women in Moldova: additional evidence supporting the need for routine hepatitis B vaccination of infants. Epidemiol Infect 1999, 123(3):463-467.
12. Grigorescu M., Pascu O., Acalovschi M., Radu C. What is the real prevalence of the D virus infection in chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis in Romania?. Rom J Gastroenterol 2003, 12(3):179-182.
13. Flodgren E., Bengtsson S., Knutsson M., Strebkova E.A., Kidd A.H., Alexeyev O.A., et al. Recent high incidence of fulminant hepatitis in Samara, Russia: molecular analysis of prevailing hepatitis B and D virus strains. J Clin Microbiol 2000, 38(9):3311-3316.
14. Bensabath G., Hadler S.C., Soares M.C., Fields H., Dias L.B., Popper H., et al. Hepatitis delta virus infection and Labrea hepatitis. Prevalence and role in fulminant hepatitis in the Amazon Basin. JAMA 1987, 258(4):479-483.
15. Dimitrakakis M., Crowe S., Gust I. Prevalence of delta infection in the western Pacific region. J Med Virol 1986, 18(4):335-339.
16. Saudy N., Sugauchi F., Tanaka Y., Suzuki S., Aal A.A., Zaid M.A., et al. Genotypes and phylogenetic characterization of hepatitis B and delta viruses in Egypt. J Med Virol 2003, 70(4):529-536.
17. Triki H., Said N., Ben Salah A., Arrouji A., Ben Ahmed F., Bouguerra A., et al. Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B, C and delta viruses in Tunisia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1997, 91(1):11-14.
18. Vray M., Debonne J.M., Sire J.M., Tran N., Chevalier B., Plantier J.C., et al. Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus in Dakar. Senegal J Med Virol 2006, 78(3):329-334.
19. Ojo O.S., Akonai A.K., Thursz M., Ndububa D.A., Durosinmi M.A., Adeodu O.O., et al. Hepatitis D virus antigen in HBsAg positive chronic liver disease in Nigeria. East Afr Med J 1998, 75(6):329-331.
20. Makuwa M., Mintsa-Ndong A., Souquiere S., Nkoghe D., Leroy E.M., Kazanji M. Prevalence and molecular diversity of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus in urban and rural populations in northern Gabon in central Africa. J Clin Microbiol 2009, 47(7):2265-2268.
21. Nguyen V.T., McLaws M.L., Dore G.J. Highly endemic hepatitis B infection in rural Vietnam. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007, 22(12):2093-2100.
22. Ke W.M., Li X.J., Yu L.N., Lai J., Li X.H., Gao Z.L., et al. Etiological investigation of fatal liver failure during the course of chronic hepatitis B in southeast China. J Gastroenterol 2006, 41(4):347-351.
23. Zuberi B.F., Quraishy M.S., Afsar S., Kazi L.A., Memon A.R., Qadeer R., et al. Frequency and comparative analysis of hepatitis D in patients seeking treatment for hepatitis B. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2006, 16(9):581-584.
24. Davaalkham D., Ojima T., Uehara R., Watanabe M., Oki I., Nymadawa P., et al. Hepatitis delta virus infection in Mongolia: analyses of geographic distribution, risk factors, and disease severity. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2006, 75(2):365-369.
25. Tsatsralt-Od B., Takahashi M., Nishizawa T., Endo K., Inoue J., Okamoto H. High prevalence of dual or triple infection of hepatitis B, C, and delta viruses among patients with chronic liver disease in Mongolia. J Med Virol 2005, 77(4):491-499.
26. Sheng W.H., Hung C.C., Kao J.H., Chang S.Y., Chen M.Y., Hsieh S.M., et al. Impact of hepatitis D virus infection on the long-term outcomes of patients with hepatitis B virus and HIV coinfection in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: a matched cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 2007, 44(7):988-995.
27. Radjef N., Gordien E., Ivaniushina V., Gault E., Anais P., Drugan T., et al. Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate a wide and ancient radiation of African hepatitis delta virus, suggesting a deltavirus genus of at least seven major clades. J Virol 2004, 78(5):2537-2544.
28. Le Gal F., Gault E., Ripault M.P., Serpaggi J., Trinchet J.C., Gordien E., et al. Eighth major clade for hepatitis delta virus. Emerg Infect Dis 2006, 12(9):1447-1450.
29. Mele A., Mariano A., Tosti M.E., Stroffolini T., Pizzuti R., Gallo G., et al. Acute hepatitis delta virus infection in Italy: incidence and risk factors after the introduction of the universal anti-hepatitis B vaccination campaign. Clin Infect Dis 2007, 44(3):e17-e24.
30. Gaeta G.B., Stornaiuolo G., Precone D.F. Type B and D viral hepatitis: epidemiological changes in Southern Europe. Forum (Genova) 2001, 11(2):126-133.
31. Wedemeyer H., Heidrich B., Manns M.P. Hepatitis D virus infection-not a vanishing disease in Europe!. Hepatology 2007, 45(5):1331-1332.
32. Le Gal F., Castelneau C., Gault E., al Hawajri N., Gordien E., Marcellin P., et al. Reply. Hepatitis D virus infection-not a vanishing disease in Europe!. Hepatology 2007, 45(5):1332-1333.
33. Gaeta G.B., Stroffolini T., Smedile A., Niro G., Mele A. Hepatitis delta in Europe: vanishing or refreshing?. Hepatology 2007, 46(4):1312-1313.
34. Cross T.J., Rizzi P., Horner M., Jolly A., Hussain M.J., Smith H.M., et al. The increasing prevalence of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection in South London. J Med Virol 2008, 80(2):277-282.
35. Ferns R.B., Nastouli E., Garson J.A. Quantitation of hepatitis delta virus using a single-step internally controlled real-time RT-qPCR and a full-length genomic RNA calibration standard. J Virol Methods 2012, 179(1):189-194.
36. Dean AG, Sullivan KM, Soe MM. OpenEpi: open source epidemiologic statistics for public health, version 2.3.1; 2011. Available from: [updated 2011/23/06, accessed 2012/11/04]. http://www.OpenEpi.com.
37. Fattovich G., Giustina G., Christensen E., Pantalena M., Zagni I., Realdi G., et al. Influence of hepatitis delta virus infection on morbidity and mortality in compensated cirrhosis type B. The European Concerted Action on Viral Hepatitis (Eurohep). Gut 2000, 46(3):420-426.
38. Romeo R., Del Ninno E., Rumi M., Russo A., Sangiovanni A., de Franchis R., et al. A 28-year study of the course of hepatitis Delta infection: a risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2009, 136(5):1629-1638.