Ultraviolet reflection irradiances and exposures in the constructed environment for horizontal, vertical and inclined surfaces

Photochemistry and Photobiology

Volumn 89, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 730-736

  Turner, Joanna ^a   Parisi, Alfio V ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84876787045     PISSN: 00318655     EISSN: 17511097     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/php.12025     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. ARPANSA (2006) Occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Radiation Protection Series No. 12. Available at: www.arpansa.gov.au/pubs/rps/rps12.pdf. Accessed on 24 July 2012.
2. Gies, H. P., and, J. Wright, (2003) Measured solar ultraviolet radiation exposures of outdoor workers in Queensland in the building and construction industry. Photochem. Photobiol. 78 (4), 342-348.
3. Weber, M., F. Graber, K. Schulmeister, H. Brusl, H. Hann, P. Kindl, and, P. Knuschke, (2006) Solar UVR Exposure Of Outdoor Workers (Tinsmiths) In Austria. UV Radiation and Its Effects-An Update 2006: Report of the NIWA UV Workshop, pp. 99-100. The Royal Society of New Zealand, Wellington. Report of the NIWA UV Workshop, Otago Museum, Dunedin, New Zealand, 19-21 April, 2006.
4. Weber, M., A. Uller, K. Schulmeister, H. Brusl, H. Hann, and, P. Kindl, (2007) Outdoor workers' acceptance of personal protective measures against solar ultraviolet radiation. Photochem. Photobiol. 83, 1471-1480.
5. CIE (1998) Erythema Reference Action Spectrum and Standard Erythema Dose. ISO 17166: 1999/CIE S007/E-1998, 1-4.
6. CIE (2006) Action Spectrum for the Production of Previtamin D3 in Human Skin, p. 174. CIE, Vienna.
7. Godar, D. E., (2005) UV doses worldwide. Photochem. Photobiol. 81, 736-749.
8. CIE (2006) Photocarcinogenesis Action Spectrum (Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers). ISO 28077:2006 (E)/CIE S019/E:2006.
9. ICNIRP (2007) Protecting workers from ultraviolet radiation: International Commision on Non-Ionising Radiation Protection (in collaboration with ILO and WHO). DCM, Meckenheim.
10. ASCC (2008) Guidance note for the protection of workers from the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight: Australian Safety and Compensation Council, C.o. Australia. Available at: http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/SWA/ AboutSafeWorkAustralia/WhatWeDo/Publications/Pages/ GN2008ProtectionFromUltravioletRadiation.aspx. Accessed on 19 October 2012.
11. Blumthaler, M., and, W. Ambach, (1988) Solar UVB albedo of various surfaces. Photochem. Photobiol. 48 (1), 85-88.
12. Diffey, B., A. T. Green, M. J. Loftus, G. J. Johnson, and, P. S. Lee, (1995) A portable instrument for measuring ground reflectance in the ultraviolet. Photochem. Photobiol. 61 (1), 68-70.
13. Feister, U., and, R. Grewe, (1995) Spectral albedo measurements in the UV and visible region over different types of surfaces. Photochem. Photobiol. 62 (4), 736-744.
14. Heisler, G. M., and, R. H. Grant, (2000) Ultraviolet radiation in urban ecosystems with consideration of effects on human health. Urban Ecosyst. 4, 193-229.
15. Lester, R. A., and, A. V. Parisi, (2002) Spectral ultraviolet albedo of roofing surfaces and human facial exposure. Int. J. Environ. Health. Res. 12, 75-81.
16. McKenzie, R. L., M. Kotkamp, and, W. Ireland, (1996) Upwelling UV spectral irradiances and surface albedo measurements at Lauder. New Zealand. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23 (14), 1757-1760.
17. Reuder, J., F. Ghezzi, E. Palenque, R. Torrez, M. Andrade, and, F. Zaratti, (2007) Investigations on the effect of high surface albedo on erythemally effective UV irradiance: Results of a campaign at the Salar de Uyuni. Bolivia. J. Photochem. Photobiol., B 87, 1-8.
18. Rosenthal, F. S., C. Phoon, A. E. Bakalion, and, H. R. Taylor, (1988) The occular dose of ultraviolet radiation to outdoor workers. Invest. Ophth. Vis. Sci. 29 (4), 649-656.
19. Sliney, D. H., (1986) Physical factors in cataractogenesis: Ambient ultraviolet radiation and temperature. Invest. Ophth. Vis. Sci. 27 (5), 781-790.
20. Sliney, D. H., (1994) Epidemiological studies of sunlight and cataract: The critical factor of ultraviolet exposure geometry. Ophthal. Epidemiol. 1, 107-119.
21. Sliney, D. H., (1995) UV radiation ocular exposure dosimetry. J. Photochem. Photobiol., B 31, 69-77.
22. Turner, J., A. V. Parisi, and, D. J. Turnbull, (2008) Reflected solar radiation from horizontal, vertical and inclined surfaces: Ultraviolet and visible spectral and broadband behaviour due to solar zenith angle, orientation and surface type. J. Photochem. Photobiol., B 92 (1), 29-37.
23. Turner, J., and, A. V. Parisi, (2009) Measuring the influence of UV reflection from vertical metal surfaces on humans. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 8, 62-69.
24. Turner, J., and, A. Parisi, (2012) Improved method of ultraviolet radiation reflection measurement for non-horizontal urban surfaces. Meas. Sci. Technol. 23, 045701.
25. Turner, J.,. (2011) Ultraviolet Radiation Reflection: Characterisation, Quantification and the Resulting Effects. Ph. D. thesis, University of Southern Queensland.
26. Weihs, P., (2002) Influence of ground reflectivity and topography on erythemal UV radiation on inclined planes. Int. J. Biometeorol. 46 (2), 95-104.
27. McPeters, R.,. Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer. Available at: http://jwocky.gsfc.nasa.gov/teacher/ozone-overhead-v8.html. Accessed on 25 August 2012.
28. Diffey, B. L., (1989) Ultraviolet radiation dosimetry with polysulphone film. In Radiation Measurement in Photobiology (Edited by, B. L. Diffey,), pp. 136-159. Academic Press: New York.
29. Webb, A. R., H. Slaper, P. Koepke, and, A. Schmalwieser, (2011) Know your standard: Clarifying the CIE erythema action spectrum. Photochem. Photobiol. 87, 483-486.
30. Seckmeyer, G., M. Klingebiel, S. Riechelmann, I. Lohse, R. McKenzie, J. Liley, M. Allen, A. Siani, and, G. Casale, (2012) A critical assessment of two types of personal UV dosimeters. Photochem. Photobiol. 88, 215-222.
31. Casale, G., A. Siani, H. Diemoz, M. G. Kimlin, and, A. Colosimo, (2012) Applicability of the polysulphone horizontal calibration to differently inclined dosimeters. Photochem. Photobiol. 88, 207-214.
32. Koepke, P., and, M. Mech, (2005) UV irradiance on arbitrarily oriented surfaces: Variation with atmospheric and ground properties. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 81, 25-32.
33. Parisi, A. V., J. Sabburg, M. G. Kimlin, and, N. Downs, (2003) Measured and modelled contributions to UV exposures by the albedo of surfaces in an urban environment. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 76, 181-188.
34. Philipona, R., A. Schilling, and, D. Schmucki, (2001) Albedo enhanced maximum UV irradiance-measured on surfaces oriented normal to the sun. Photochem. Photobiol. 73 (4), 366-369.
35. Tsangrassoulis, A., and, M. Santamouris, (2003) Numerical estimation of street canyon albedo consisting of vertical coated and glazed facades. Energ. Buildings 35, 527-531.
36. Aida, M., (1982) Urban albedo as a function of the urban structure-A model experiment. Bound-Lay Meteorol. 23, 405-413.
37. Aida, M., and, K. Gotoh, (1982) Urban albedo as a function of the urban structure-A two-dimensional numerical simulation. Bound-Lay Meteorol. 23, 415-424.