A formulation to optimize the risk reduction process based on LOPA

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

Volumn 26, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 489-494

  Ramírez Marengo, Clementina ^a   de Lira Flores, Julio ^a   López Molina, Antioco ^a   Vázquez Román, Richart ^a   Carreto Vázquez, Victor ^b   Mannan, M Sam ^b  

^a DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA QUÍMICA   (Mexico)

^b Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering   (United States)

Author keywords

Independent protection layer (IPL); Layer of protection analysis (LOPA); Optimization; Safety instrumented systems (SIS); Safety integrity level (SIL)

Indexed keywords

INDEPENDENT PROTECTION LAYERS; LAYER OF PROTECTION ANALYSIS; MIXED INTEGER NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING MODELS; OCCURRENCE PROBABILITY; OPTIMIZATION MODELS; RISK TOLERANCE CRITERION; SAFETY INSTRUMENTED SYSTEMS; SAFETY INTEGRITY LEVELS;

OPTIMIZATION; SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS;

SAFETY ENGINEERING;

EID: 84876698211     PISSN: 09504230     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2012.07.009     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Andrews, J. D., & Ericson, C. A., II. (2000). Fault tree and Markov analysis applied to various design complexities. In 18th International system safety conference, Texas, USA.
2. CCPS Layer of protection analysis (LOPA): Simplified process risk analysis 2001, CCPS/AIChE, New York.
3. Dowell A.M. Layer of protection analysis for determining safety integrity level. ISA Transactions 1998, 37(3):155-165.
4. Dowell A.M. Layer of protection analysis and inherently safer processes. Process Safety Progress 1999, 18(4):214-220.
5. Goble W.M. Control systems safety evaluation and reliability 2010, International Society of Automation.
6. Goble W.M., Cheddie H. Safety instrumented systems verification 2005, S. a. A. S. The Instrumentation, Research Triangle Park, NC, US.
7. IEC 61508 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems 1998-2005, Parts 1-7, International Electrotechnical Commission, Switzerland.
8. Markowski A.S., Mannan M.S. Fuzzy logic for piping risk assessment (pfLOPA). Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 2009, 22(6):921-927.
9. Markowski A.S., Mannan M.S. ExSys-LOPA for the chemical process industry. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 2010, 23:688-696.
10. Pasman H.J. Risk informed resource allocation policy: safety can save costs. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2000, 71:375-394.
11. Schupp B., Hale A., Pasman H., Lemkovitz S., Goossens L. Design support for the systematic integration of risk reduction into early chemical process design. Safety Science 2006, 44(1):37-54.
12. Smith, D. J., & Simpson, K. G. (2011). A straightforward guide to functional safety: IEC 61508 (2010 edition) and related standards, including: Process IEC 61511, machinery IEC 62061 and ISO 13849. Safety critical systems handbook (3rd ed.).
13. Stauffer, T. (2010). Making the most of alarms as a safety layer of protection. In Safety systems conference, Calgary, AB, Canada.
14. Summers A.E. Introduction to layers of protection analysis. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2003, 104:163-168.
15. Tixier J., Dusserre G., Salvi O., Gaston D. Review of 62 risk analysis methodologies of industrial plants. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 2002, 15(4):291-303.
16. Torres-Echeverria, A. C. (2009a). Modelling and optimization of safety instrumented systems based on dependability and cost measures. Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield.
17. Torres-Echeverria, A. C. (2009b). Modelling and optimization of safety instrumented systems based on dependability and cost measures (p. 301). PhD, Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield.
18. Wei C., Rogers W.J., Mannan M.S. Layer of protection analysis for reactive chemical risk assessment. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2008, 159(1):19-24.
19. Yun G., Rogers W.J., Mannan M.S. Risk assessment of LNG importation terminals using the Bayesian-LOPA methodology. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 2009, 22(1):91-96.