Maximal estimated cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic risk factors, and metabolic syndrome in the aerobics center longitudinal study

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

Volumn 88, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 259-270

  Earnest, Conrad P ^a   Artero, Enrique G ^b   Sui, Xuemei ^b   Lee, Duck Chul ^c   Church, Timothy S ^d   Blair, Steven N ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BATH   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^c IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLUCOSE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; BODY MASS; CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK; CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FAMILY HISTORY; FEMALE; FITNESS; GENDER; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HEALTH PROGRAM; HUMAN; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; SMOKING; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

EID: 84876678556     PISSN: 00256196     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.11.006     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (32)

1. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation. 2005;112(17):2735-2752. (Pubitemid 41532612)
2. Reaven GM. Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes. 1988;37(12):1595-1607. (Pubitemid 19004941)
3. Lee DC, Sui X, Ortega FB, et al. Comparisons of leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness as predictors of all-cause mortality in men and women. Br J Sports Med. 2011; 45(6):504-510.
4. Pickering TG, Hall JE, Appel LJ, et al. Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals, part 1: blood pressure measurement in humans: a statement for professionals from the Subcommittee of Professional and Public Education of the American Heart Association Council on High Blood Pressure Research. Circulation. 2005; 111(5):697-716. (Pubitemid 40216499)
5. Blair SN, Kohl HW III, Paffenbarger RS Jr., Clark DG, Cooper KH, Gibbons LW. Physical fitness and all-cause mortality: a prospective study of healthy men and women. JAMA. 1989;262(17):2395-2401. (Pubitemid 19261810)
6. Pollock ML, Bohannon RL, Cooper KH, et al. A comparative analysis of four protocols for maximal treadmill stress testing. Am Heart J. 1976;92(1):39-46.
7. Pollock ML, Foster C, Schmidt D, Hellman C, Linnerud AC, Ward A. Comparative analysis of physiologic responses to three different maximal graded exercise test protocols in healthy women. Am Heart J. 1982;103(3):363-373. (Pubitemid 12178719)
8. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's Guidelines For Exercise Testing And Prescription. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.
9. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002;106(25):3143-3421.
10. Clausen JO, Borch-Johnsen K, Ibsen H, et al. Insulin sensitivity index, acute insulin response, and glucose effectiveness in a population-based sample of 380 young healthy Caucasians: analysis of the impact of gender, body fat, physical fitness, and life-style factors. J Clin Invest. 1996;98(5):1195-1209. (Pubitemid 26299933)
11. Carroll S, Dudfield M. What is the relationship between exercise and metabolic abnormalities? a review of the metabolic syndrome. Sports Med. 2004;34(6):371-418. (Pubitemid 38803100)
12. LaMonte MJ, Barlow CE, Jurca R, Kampert JB, Church TS, Blair SN. Cardiorespiratory fitness is inversely associated with the incidence of metabolic syndrome: a prospective study of men and women. Circulation. 2005;112(4):505-512. (Pubitemid 41060790)
13. Wareham NJ, Hennings SJ, Byrne CD, Hales CN, Prentice AM, Day NE. A quantitative analysis of the relationship between habitual energy expenditure, fitness and the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome. Br J Nutr. 1998;80(3):235-241. (Pubitemid 28477094)
14. Lakka TA, Laaksonen DE, Lakka HM, et al. Sedentary lifestyle, poor cardiorespiratory fitness, and the metabolic syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1279-1286. (Pubitemid 36936144)
15. Franks PW, Ekelund U, Brage S, Wong MY, Wareham NJ. Does the association of habitual physical activity with the metabolic syndrome differ by level of cardiorespiratory fitness? Diabetes Care. 2004;27(5):1187-1193. (Pubitemid 38579788)
16. Laaksonen DE, Lakka HM, Salonen JT, Niskanen LK, Rauramaa R, Lakka TA. Low levels of leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness predict development of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care. 2002;25(9):1612-1618. (Pubitemid 41071120)
17. Blair SN, Kohl HW III, Barlow CE, Paffenbarger RS Jr., Gibbons LW, Macera CA. Changes in physical fitness and allcause mortality: a prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men. JAMA. 1995;273(14):1093-1098.
18. Kodama S, Saito K, Tanaka S, et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness as a quantitative predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in healthy men and women: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2009; 301(19):2024-2035.
19. Church TS, Earnest CP, Skinner JS, Blair SN. Effects of different doses of physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness among sedentary, overweight or obese postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2007;297(19):2081-2091. (Pubitemid 46798166)
20. Slentz CA, Aiken LB, Houmard JA, et al. Inactivity, exercise, and visceral fat: STRRIDE: a randomized, controlled study of exercise intensity and amount. J Appl Physiol. 2005;99(4): 1613-1618. (Pubitemid 43014374)
21. Lee DC, Sui X, Church TS, Lavie CJ, Jackson AS, Blair SN. Changes in fitness and fatness on the development of cardiovascular disease risk factors hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and hypercholesterolemia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(7):665-672.
22. McBride PE, Einerson JA, Grant H, et al. Putting the Diabetes Prevention Program into practice: a program for weight loss and cardiovascular risk reduction for patients with metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Nutr Health Aging. 2008;12(10):745S-749S.
23. Torjesen PA, Birkeland KI, Anderssen SA, Hjermann I, Holme I, Urdal P. Lifestyle changes may reverse development of the insulin resistance syndrome: The Oslo Diet and Exercise Study: a randomized trial. Diabetes Care. 1997;20(1):26-31. (Pubitemid 27020037)
24. Katzmarzyk PT, Leon AS, Wilmore JH, et al. Targeting the metabolic syndrome with exercise: evidence from the HERITAGE Family Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(10):1703-1709. (Pubitemid 37221901)
25. Stewart KJ, Bacher AC, Turner K, et al. Exercise and risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome in older adults. Am J Prev Med. 2005;28(1):9-18. (Pubitemid 40051320)
26. Watkins LL, Sherwood A, Feinglos M, et al. Effects of exercise and weight loss on cardiac risk factors associated with syndrome X. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(16):1889-1895. (Pubitemid 37082700)
27. Johnson JL, Slentz CA, Houmard JA, et al. Exercise training amount and intensity effects on metabolic syndrome (from Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention through Defined Exercise). Am J Cardiol. 2007;100(12):1759-1766. (Pubitemid 350234795)
28. Earnest CP, Lupo M, Thibodeaux J, et al. Interval training in men at risk for insulin resistance. Int J Sports Med. In press. http://dx. doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1311594.
29. Tjonna AE, Lee SJ, Rognmo O, et al. Aerobic interval training versus continuous moderate exercise as a treatment for the metabolic syndrome: a pilot study. Circulation. 2008;118(4): 346-354.
30. Park YW, Zhu S, Palaniappan L, Heshka S, Carnethon MR, Heymsfield SB. The metabolic syndrome: prevalence and associated risk factor findings in the US population from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(4):427-436. (Pubitemid 36241019)
31. Despres JP, Lemieux I. Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nature. 2006;444(7121):881-887. (Pubitemid 46024995)
32. Ross R, Freeman JA, Janssen I. Exercise alone is an effective strategy for reducing obesity and related comorbidities. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2000;28(4):165-170.