Taming disorderly people one ticket at a time: The penalization of homelessness in Ontario and British Columbia

Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice

Volumn 55, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 161-185

  Chesnay, Catherine T ^a   Bellot, Céline ^b   Sylvestre, Marie Ève ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

Homelessness; Penalization; Safe Streets Act

Indexed keywords

EID: 84876440623     PISSN: 17077753     EISSN: 19110219     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3138/cjccj.2011-E-46     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Atkinson, Rowland (2003). Domestication by cappuccino or a revenge on urban space? Control and empowerment in management of public spaces. Urban Studies 40 (9): 1829-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0042098032000106627.
2. Beckett, Katherine and Steve Herbert (2010). Banished: The New Social Control in Urban America. New York: Oxford University Press.
3. Bellot, Céline, Catherine Chesnay, and Marie-Noële Royer (2007). La judiciarisation des populations itinérantes à Montréal, 2004-2006 (Phase II). Unpublished. (Available from Céline Bellot, Université de Montréal, École de service social).
4. Bellot, Céline, Isabelle Raffestin, Marie-Noële Royer, and Véronique Noël (2005). La judiciarisation des populations itinérantes à Montréal, 1994-2004. Unpublished. (Available from Céline Bellot, Université de Montréal, École de service social).
5. Berti, Mario and Jeff Sommers (2010). The streets belong to people that pay for them: The spatial regulation of street poverty in Vancouver, British Columbia. In Poverty, Regulation and Social Justice: Readings on the Criminalization of Poverty, ed. Diane Crocker and Val Marie Johnson. Halifax, NS: Fernwood.
6. Berti, Mario (2010). Handcuffed access: Homelessness and the justice system. Urban Geography 31 (6): 825-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.31.6.825.
7. Bernier, Dominique, Céline Bellot, Marie-Éve Sylvestre, and Catherine Chesnay (2011). The Criminalization and Prosecution of Homeless People in Quebec: A Socio-Legal Analysis of the Phenomenon. Toronto: Canadian Homelessess Research Network.
8. Blomley, Nicholas (2010). The right to pass freely: Circulation, begging, and the bounded self. Social and Legal Studies 19 (3): 331-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0964663910372183.
9. Blomley, Nicholas (2007). Civil rights meet civil engineering: Urban public space and traffic logic. Canadian Journal of Law and Society 22: 55-72.
10. Commission des droits de la personne et des droits de la jeunesse [Quebec Commission of Human and Youth Rights] (2009). La judiciarisation des personnes itinérantes à Montréal: un profilage social. Montreal: Commission des droits de la personne et des droits de la jeunesse.
11. DeVerteuil, Geoffrey, Jon May, and Jürgen Von Mahs (2009). Complexity not collapse: Recasting the geographies of homelessness in a 'punitive' age. Progress in Human Geography 33 (5): 646-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309132508104995.
12. Doherty, Joe, Volker Busch-Geertsema, Vita Karpuskiene, Jukka Korhonen, Eoin O'Sullivan, Ingrid Sahlin, Antonio Tosi, Agostino Petrillo, and Julia Wygnanska (2008). Homelessness and exclusion: Regulating public space in European Cities. Surveillance and Society 5 (3): 290-314.
13. Douglas, J. (2011). The criminalization of poverty: Montreal's policy of ticketing homeless youth for municipal and transportation bylaw infractions. Appeal 16 (1): 49-65.
14. Esmonde, Jackie (2002). Criminalizing poverty: The criminal law power and the Safe Streets Act. Journal of Law and Social Policy 17: 63-86.
15. Gaetz, Stephen and Bill O'Grady (2006). The Missing Link: Discharge Planning, Incarceration and Homelessness. Toronto: John Howard Society.
16. Gordon, Todd (2010). Understanding the role of law-and order-policies in Canadian cities. In Poverty, Regulation and Social Justice: Readings on the Criminalization of Poverty, ed. Diane Crocker and Val Marie Johnson. Halifax, NS: Fernwood.
17. Harcourt, Bernard E (2001). Illusion of Order: The False Promise of Broken-Window Policing. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
18. Hermer, Joe and Janet Mosher (2002). Disorderly People: Law and the Politics of Exclusion in Ontario. Halifax, NS: Fernwood.
19. Hulchanski, David J., Philippa Campsie, Shirley B.Y. Chau, Stephen W. Hwang, and Emily Paradis (2009). Homelessness: What's in a word? In Finding Home: Policy Options for Addressing Homelessness in Canada, ed. J. David Hulchanski, Philippa Campsie, Shirley B.Y. Chau, Stephen W. Hwang, and Emily Paradis. Toronto: Cities Centres.
20. Johnson, Val Marie (2010). Reading the criminalization of poverty. In Poverty, Regulation and Social Justice: Readings on the Criminalization of Poverty, ed. Diane Crocker and Val Marie Johnson. Halifax: Fernwood.
21. Karabanow, Jeff, Jean Hughes, and Sean Kidd (2010). Travailler pour survivre: exploration du travail des jeunes de la rue. Criminologie 43 (1): 7-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/044049ar.
22. Kennelly, Jacqueline (2011). Policing young people as citizens-in-waiting: Legitimacy, spatiality and governance. British Journal of Criminology 51 (2): 336-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azr017.
23. May, Jeff (2006). Exile on Yonge Street: Public Space and homelessness in Toronto. Master's thesis, University of Toronto.
24. Mitchell, Don (1997). The annihilation of space by law: The roots and implications of antihomeless laws in the United States. Antipode 29 (3): 303-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8330.00048.
25. Mitchell, Don (2003). The Right to the City: Social Justice and Fight for Public Space. New York: Guilford.
26. Morin, Richard, Michel Parazelli, and Kenza Benali (2008). Conflits d'appropriation d'espaces urbains centraux: prendre en compte les modes de relation des groupes d'acteurs. Nouvelles Pratiques Sociales 20 (2): 142-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/018453ar. Ontario, Legislative Assembly, Official Reports of Debates (Hansard), 37th Parl, 1st Sess, No 11A (15 November 1999) at 423.
27. National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty [NLCHP] (2011). Criminalizing Crisis: The Criminalization of Homelessness in U.S. cities. Washington, DC: National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty.
28. Novac, Sylvia, Joe Hermer, Emily Paradis, and Amber Kellen (2007). A Revolving Door? Homeless People and the Justice System in Toronto. Research bulletin #36. Toronto: Centre for Urban and Community Studies, University of Toronto.
29. O'Grady, Bill, Stephen Gaetz, and Kristy Buccieri (2011). Can I See Your ID? The Policing of Youth Homelessness in Toronto. Toronto: JFCY/Homeless Hub.
30. O'Grady, Bill and Robert Bright (2002). Squeezed to the point of exclusion: The case of Toronto squeegee cleaners. In Disorderly people: Law and the Politics of Exclusion in Ontario, ed. Joe Hermer and Janet Mosher. Halifax, NS: Fernwood.
31. Parnaby, Patrick (2003). Disaster through dirty windshields: Law, order and Toronto's squeegee kids. Canadian Journal of Sociology 28 (3): 281-307. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3341925.
32. Parazelli, Michel (2009). Existe-t-il une « morale globale » de la régulation de la rue? Réflexions autour de l'hypothèse d'un imaginaire écosanitaire. Géographie et Cultures 71: 91-111.
33. Raffestin, Isabelle (2009). Une injustice programmée? Le point de vue des personnes itinérantes sur leur judiciarisation et leur incarceration. Mémoire de maîtrise, Montréal, Université de Montréal.
34. Roy, Shirley and Roch Hurtubise (2007). L'itinérance en Questions. Quebec: University of Quebec.
35. Smith, Neil (1996). The New Urban Frontier: Gentrification and the Revanchist City. London: Routledge.
36. Sylvestre, Marie-Ève, Bellot, Céline, Couture-Ménard, Philippe Antoine, et Alexandra Tremblay (2011). Le droit est aussi une question de visibilité: occupation des espaces publics et parcours judiciaires des personnes itinérantes à Montréal et à Ottawa. Revue Canadienne de Droit et Société 26 (3): 531-61.
37. Sylvestre, Marie-Ève (2010). Disorder and public spaces in Montreal: repression (and resistance) through law, politics, and police discretion. Urban Geography 31 (6): 803-824. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.31.6.803.
38. Sylvestre, Marie-Ève (2009). Quand le problème, c'est aussi la solution: les gangs de rue et la multiplicité des systèmes normatifs de prise en charge pénale. Revue Generale de Droit 40: 179-97.
39. Tait, Christopher (2004). The British Columbia Safe Streets Act and the Law on Vagrancy: Similarities and Differences. Master's thesis, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC.
40. Toronto Police Services (2009). Statistics of the Safe Streets Act 2004-2009. Toronto: Toronto Police Service.
41. Wilson, George and James Q. Kelling (1982). Broken windows. Atlantic Monthly: 29-38.
42. Young, Jock (1999). The Exclusive Society: Social Exclusion, Crime and Difference in Late Modernity. London, UK: Sage.