The prevalence of fa'afafine relatives among Samoan gynephilic men and fa'afafine

Archives of Sexual Behavior

Volumn 42, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 353-359

  Vanderlaan, Doug P ^a   Forrester, Deanna L ^a   Petterson, Lanna J ^a   Vasey, Paul L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LETHBRIDGE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Androphilia; Fa'afafine; Familiality; Samoa; Sexual orientation

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ETHNOLOGY; FAMILY; FEMALE; GENDER IDENTITY; HUMAN; MALE; MALE HOMOSEXUALITY; PREVALENCE; SAMOA; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; STATISTICS;

ADULT; FAMILY; FEMALE; GENDER IDENTITY; HOMOSEXUALITY, MALE; HUMANS; MALE; PREVALENCE; SAMOA; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR;

EID: 84876293645     PISSN: 00040002     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10508-012-0015-7     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. ACSF Investigators. (1992). AIDS and sexual behavior in France. Nature, 360, 407-409.
2. Alanko, K., Santtila, P., Harlaar, N., Witting, K., Varjoen, M., Jern, P., et al. (2010). Common genetic effects of gender atypical behavior in childhood and sexual orientation in adulthood: A study of Finnish twins. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 81-92.
3. Bailey, J. M., Dunne, M. P., & Martin, N. G. (2000). Genetic and environmental influences on sexual orientation and its correlates in an Australian twin sample. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 524-536.
4. Bailey, J. M., Pillard, R. C., Dawood, K., Miller, M. B., Farrer, L. A., Trivedi, S., et al. (1999). A family history study of male sexual orientation using three independent samples. Behavior Genetics, 29, 79-86.
5. Bailey, J. M., & Zucker, K. J. (1995). Childhood sex-typed behavior and sexual orientation: A conceptual analysis and quantitative review. Developmental Psychology, 31, 43-55.
6. Bartlett, N. H., & Vasey, P. L. (2006). A retrospective study of childhood gender-atypical behavior in Samoan fa'afafine. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 35, 559-566.
7. Blanchard, R. (2004). Quantitative and theoretical analyses of the relation between older brothers and homosexuality in men. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 230, 173-187.
8. Blanchard, R., & Lippa, R. A. (2007). Birth order, sibling sex ratio, handedness, and sexual orientation of male and female participants in a BBC Internet research project. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 36, 163-176.
9. Bocklandt, S., Horvath, S., Vilain, E., & Hamer, D. H. (2006). Extreme skewing of X chromosome inactivation in mothers of homosexual men. Human Genetics, 118, 691-694.
10. Bogaert, A. F., & Skorska, M. (2011). Sexual orientation, fraternal birth order, and the maternal immune hypothesis: A review. Frontiers in Neuroendrocrinology, 32, 247-254.
11. Camperio Ciani, A., Corna, F., & Capiluppi, C. (2004). Evidence for maternally inherited factors favoring male homosexuality and promoting female fecundity. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 271, 2217-2221.
12. Central Intelligence Agency. (2011). The world factbook. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2127rank. html.
13. Hamer, D. H., Hu, S., Magnunson, V. L., Hu, N., & Pattattucci, A. M. (1993). A linkage between DNA markers on the X-chromosome and male sexual orientation. Science, 261, 321-327.
14. Hu, S., Pattatuci, A., Patterson, C., Li, L., Fulker, D. W., Cherny, S., et al. (1995). Linkage between sexual orientation and chromosome Xq28 in males but not in females. Nature Genetics, 11, 248-256.
15. Kendler, K. S., Thornton, L. M., Gilman, S. E., & Kessler, R. C. (2000). Sexual orientation in a U. S. national sample of twin and nontwin sibling pairs. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1843-1846.
16. Långström, N., Rahman, Q., Carlström, E., & Lichtenstein, P. (2010). Genetic and environmental effects on same-sex sexual behavior: A population study of twins in Sweden. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 75-80.
17. Laumann, E. O., Gagnon, J. H., Michael, R. T., & Michaels, S. (1994). The social organization of sexuality: Sexual practices in the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
18. LeVay, S. (2011). Gay, straight, and the reason why: The science of sexual orientation. New York: Oxford University Press.
19. Mustanski, B. S., Dupree, M. G., Nievergelt, C. M., Bocklandt, S., Schork, N. J., & Hamer, D. H. (2005). A genomewide scan of male sexual orientation. Human Genetics, 116, 272-278.
20. Poasa, K. (1992). The Samoan fa'afafine: One case study and a discussion of transsexualism. Journal of Psychology and Human Sexuality, 5, 39-51.
21. Rahman, Q., Collins, A., Morrison, M., Orrells, J. C., Cadinouche, K., Greenfield, S., et al. (2008). Maternal inheritance and familial fecundity factors in male homosexuality. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 37, 962-969.
22. Rice, G., Anderson, C., Risch, N., & Ebers, G. (1999). Male homosexuality: Absence of linkage to microsatellite markers at Xq28. Science, 284, 665-667.
23. Schmidt, J. (2003). Paradise lost? Social change and fa'afafine in Samoa. Current Sociology, 51, 417-432.
24. Schwartz, G., Kim, R. M., Kolundziji, A. B., Rieger, G., & Sanders, A. R. (2010). Biodemographic and physical correlates of sexual orientation in men. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 93-109.
25. Shore, B. (1981). Sexuality and gender in Samoa: Conceptions and missed conceptions in sexual meaning. In S. B. Ortner & H. Whitehead (Eds.), The cultural construction of gender and sexuality (pp. 192-215). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
26. Smith, A. M., Rissel, C. E., Richters, J., Grulich, A. E., & de Visser, R. O. (2003). Sex in Australia: Sexual identity, sexual attraction, and sexual experience among a representative sample of adults. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 27, 138-145.
27. Sundet, J. M., Kvalem, I. L., Magnus, P., & Bakketeig, L. S. (1988). Prevalence of risk-prone behavior in the central population of Norway. In A. F. Fleming, M. Carballo, & D. F. Fitzsimons (Eds.), The global impact of AIDS (pp. 53-63). London: Alan R. Liss.
28. VanderLaan, D. P., Forrester, D. L., Petterson, L. J., & Vasey, P. L. (2012). Offspring production among the extended relatives of Samoan men and fa'afafine. PLoS ONE, e36088.
29. VanderLaan, D. P., Gothreau, L. M., Bartlett, N. H., & Vasey, P. L. (2011). Recalled separation anxiety and gender atypicality in childhood: A study of Canadian heterosexual and homosexual men and women. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40, 1233-1240.
30. VanderLaan, D. P., & Vasey, P. L. (2011). Male sexual orientation in Independent Samoa: Evidence for fraternal birth order and maternal fecundity effects. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40, 495-503.
31. VanderLaan, D. P., Vokey, J. R., & Vasey, P. L. (in press). Is transgendered male androphilia familial in non-Western populations? The case of a Samoan village. Archives of Sexual Behavior.
32. Vasey, P. L., Pocock, D. S., & VanderLaan, D. P. (2007). Kin selection and male androphilia in Samoan fa'afafine. Evolution and Human Behavior, 28, 159-167.
33. Vasey, P. L., & VanderLaan, D. P. (2007). Birth order and male androphilia in Samoan fa'afafine. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 274, 1432-1437.
34. Vasey, P. L., & VanderLaan, D. P. (2010). Avuncular tendencies and the evolution of male androphilia in Samoan fa'afafine. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 821-830.
35. Vasey, P. L., VanderLaan, D. P., Gothreau, L. M., & Bartlett, N. H. (2011). Traits of separation anxiety in childhood: A retrospective study of Samoan men, women, and fa'afafine. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40, 511-517.
36. Wellings, K., Field, J., Johnson, A. M., & Wadsworth, J. (1994). Sexual behaviour in Britain: The National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles. New York: Penguin Books.
37. Whitam, F. L. (1983). Culturally invariable properties of male homosexuality: Tentative conclusions from cross-cultural research. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 12, 207-226.
38. Wilson, G., & Rahman, Q. (2005). Born gay: The psychobiology of sex orientation. London: Peter Owen Publishers.
39. Zucker, K. J., Blanchard, R., Kim, T.-S., Pae, C.-U., & Lee, C. (2007). Birth order and sibling sex ratio in homosexual transsexual South Korean males: Effects of the male-preference stopping rule. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 61, 529-533.