Cervical motor dysfunction and its predictive value for long-term recovery in patients with acute whiplashassociated disorders: A systematic review

Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 113-122

  Daenen, Liesbeth ^a,b,c   Nijs, Jo ^c,d   Raadsen, Bonny ^c   Roussel, Nathalie ^a,c,d   Cras, Patrick ^a,b   Dankaerts, Wim ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ANTWERP   (Belgium)

^b ANTWERP UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Belgium)

^c VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL   (Belgium)

^d University College Antwerp   (Belgium)

^e UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Acute whiplash; Cervical motor dysfunctions; Course; Predictive value

Indexed keywords

HUMAN; JOINT CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONS; KINESTHESIA; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE; NECK; NECK MUSCLE; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; WHIPLASH INJURY;

HUMANS; KINESTHESIS; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES; NECK; NECK MUSCLES; NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; PROGNOSIS; RANGE OF MOTION, ARTICULAR; WHIPLASH INJURIES;

MLCS; MLOWN;

EID: 84875970405     PISSN: 16501977     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2340/16501977-1091     Document Type: Review

References (59)

1. Spitzer W, Skovron M, Salmi L, Cassidy J, Duranceau J, Suissa S, et al. Scientific monograph of Quebec Task Force on whiplash associated disorders: redefining 'Whiplash' and its management. Spine 1995; 20: 1-73.
2. Carroll LJ, Holm LW, Hogg-Johnson S, Cote P, Cassidy JD, Haldeman S, et al. Course and prognostic factors for neck pain in whiplash-associated disorders (WAD): results of the Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders. Spine 2008; 33 Suppl 4: S83-S92.
3. Kamper S, Rebbeck T, Maher C, McAuley J, Sterling M. Course and prognostic factors of whiplash: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Pain 2008; 138: 617-629.
4. Hendriks EJ, Scholten-Peeters GG, van der Windt DA, Neelemanvan der Steen CW, Oostendorp RA, Verhagen AP. Prognostic factors for poor recovery in acute whiplash patients. Pain 2005; 114: 408-416.
5. Sterling M, Jull G, Vicenzino B, Kenardy J, Darnell R. Development of motor system dysfunction following whiplash injury. Pain 2003; 103: 65-73.
6. Kristjansson E, Dall'Alba P, Jull G. A study of five cervicocephalic relocation tests in three different subject groups. Clin Rehabil 2003; 17: 768-774.
7. Kristjansson E, Hardardottir L, Asmundardottir M, Gudmundsson K. A new clinical test for cervicocephalic kinesthetic sensibility: "the fly". Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2004; 85: 490-495.
8. Nederhand MJ, Hermens HJ, IJzerman MJ, Turk DC, Zilvold G. Cervical muscle dysfunction in chronic whiplash-associated disorder grade 2: the relevance of the trauma. Spine 2002; 27: 1056-1061.
9. Nederhand MJ, IJzerman MJ, Hermens HJ, Baten CT, Zilvold G. Cervical muscle dysfunction in the chronic whiplash associated disorder grade II (WAD-II). Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2000; 25: 1938-1943.
10. Feipel V, Salvia P, Klein H, Rooze M. Head repositioning accuracy in patients with whiplash-associated disorders. Spine 2006; 31: E51-E58.
11. Falla D, Bilenkij G, Jull G. Patients with chronic neck pain demonstrate altered patterns of muscle activation during performance of a functional upper limb task. Spine 2004; 29: 1436-1440.
12. Sjolander P, Michaelson P, Jaric S, Djupsjobacka M. Sensorimotor disturbances in chronic neck pain-range of motion, peak velocity, smoothness of movement, and repositioning acuity. Manual Ther 2008; 13: 122-131.
13. Woodhouse A, Vasseljen O. Altered motor control patterns in whiplash and chronic neck pain. BMC Musculoskel Dis 2008; 9: 90.
14. Loudon JK, Ruhl M, Field E. Ability to reproduce head position after whiplash injury. Spine 1997; 22: 865-868.
15. Walton D, Pretty J, Macdermid J, Teasell R. Risk factors for persistent problems following whiplash injury: results of a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2009; 39: 344-350.
16. Williams M, Williamson E, Gates S, Lamb S, Cooke M. A systematic literature review of physical prognostic factors for the development of Late Whiplash Syndrome. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2007; 32: E764-780.
17. Carroll L, Holm L, Hogg-Johnson S, Côté P, Cassidy J, Haldeman S, et al. Course and prognostic factors for neck pain in whiplashassociated disorders (WAD): results of the Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2008; 33 (4 Suppl): S83-S92.
18. Sterling M. Does knowledge of predictors of recovery and nonrecovery assist outcomes after whiplash injury? Spine 2011; 36 (25 Suppl): S257-S62.
19. Williamson E, Williams M, Gates S, Lamb SE. A systematic literature review of psychological factors and the development of late whiplash syndrome Pain 2008; 135: 20-30.
20. Kasch H, Bach FW, Jensen TS. Handicap after acute whiplash injury: a 1-year prospective study of risk factors. Neurology 2001; 56: 1637-1643.
21. Kasch H, Qerama E, Kongsted A, Bendix T, Jensen TS, Bach FW. Clinical assessment of prognostic factors for long-term pain and handicap after whiplash injury: a 1-year prospective study. Eur J Neurol 2008; 15: 1222-1230.
22. Kasch H, Stengaard-Pedersen K, Arendt-Nielsen L, Staehelin Jensen T. Headache, neck pain, and neck mobility after acute whiplash injury: a prospective study. Spine 2001; 26: 1246-1251.
23. Nederhand MJ, Hermens HJ, Ijzerman MJ, Groothuis KG, Turk DC. The effect of fear of movement on muscle activation in posttraumatic neck pain disability. Clin J Pain 2006; 22: 19-25.
24. Nederhand MJ, Hermens HJ, Ijzerman MJ, Turk DC, Zilvold G. Chronic neck pain disability due to an acute whiplash injury. Pain 2003; 102: 63-71.
25. Oddsdottir GL, Kristjansson E. Two different courses of impaired cervical kinaesthesia following a whiplash injury. A one-year prospective study. Manual Ther 2012; 17: 60-65.
26. Sterling M, Jull G, Kenardy J. Physical and psychological factors maintain long-term predictive capacity post-whiplash injury. Pain 2006; 122: 102-108.
27. Sterling M, Jull G, Vicenzino B, Kenardy J. Characterization of acute whiplash-associated disorders. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2004; 29: 182-188.
28. Sterling M, Jull G, Vicenzino B, Kenardy J, Darnell R. Physical and psychological factors predict outcome following whiplash injury. Pain 2005; 114: 141-148.
29. Vernon, H and Mior, S. The neck disability index: a study of reliability and validity. J Manip Physiol Ther 1991; 14: 409-415.
30. Tousignant M, Smeesters C, Breton AM, Breton E, Corriveau H. Criterion validity study of the cervical range of motion (CROM) device for rotational range of motion on healthy adults. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2006; 36: 242-248.
31. Audette I, Dumas JP, Cote JN, De SerresSJ. Validity and betweenday reliability of the cervical range of motion (CROM) device. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010; 40: 318-323.
32. Fletcher JP, Bandy WD. Intrarater reliability of CROM measurement of cervical spine active range of motion in persons with and without neck pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2008; 38: 640-645.
33. Hole DE, Cook JM, Bolton JE. Reliability and concurrent validity of two instruments for measuring cervical range of motion: effects of age and gender. Manual Ther 1995; 1: 36-42.
34. Youdas JW, Carey JR, Garrett TR. Reliability of measurements of cervical spine range of motion-comparison of three methods. Phys Ther 1991; 71: 98-104; discussion 105-106.
35. Capuano-Pucci D, Rheault W, Aukai J, Bracke M, Day R, Pastrick M. Intratester and intertester reliability of the cervical range of motion device. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1991; 72: 338-340.
36. Rheault W, Albright B, Beyers C, Franta M, Johnson A, Skowronek M, et al. Intertester reliability of the cervical range of motion device. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1992; 15: 147-150.
37. Youdas JW, Garrett TR, Suman VJ, Bogard CL, Hallman HO, Carey Jr. Normal range of motion of the cervical spine: an initial goniometric study. Phys Ther 1992; 72: 770-780.
38. Pearcy M, Hindle R. New method for the non-invasive threedimensional measurement of human back movement. Clin Biomech 1989; 4: 73-79.
39. Trott PH, Pearcy MJ, Ruston SA, Fulton I, Brien C. Threedimensional analysis of active cervical motion: the effect of age and gender. Clin Biomech 1996; 11: 201-206.
40. Amiri M, Jull G, Bullock-Saxton J. Measuring range of active cervical rotation in a position of full head flexion using the 3D Fastrak measurement system: an intra-tester reliability study. Manual Ther 2003; 8: 176-179.
41. Jordan K, Dziedzic K, Jones PW, Ong BN, Dawes PT. The reliability of the three-dimensional FASTRAK measurement system in measuring cervical spine and shoulder range of motion in healthy subjects. Rheumatology 2000; 39: 382-388.
42. Revel M, Minguet M, Gregoy P, Vaillant J, Manuel JL. Changes in cervicocephalic kinesthesia after a proprioceptive rehabilitation program in patients with neck pain: a randomized controlled study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1994; 75: 895-899.
43. Kristjansson E, Dall'Alba P, Jull G. Cervicocephalic kinaesthesia: reliability of a new test approach. Physiother Res Int 2001; 6: 224-235.
44. Kristjansson E, Oddsdottir GL. "The Fly": a new clinical assessment and treatment method for deficits of movement control in the cervical spine: reliability and validity. Spine 2010; 35: E1298-E1305.
45. Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Disselhorst-Klug C, Rau G. Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures. J Electromyography Kinesiol 2000; 10: 361-374.
46. Hermens H, Freriks B, editors. European recommendations for surface electromyography. results of the SENIAM (surface EMG for non-invasive assessment of muscles) project. Roessingh: Research and Development Ltd; 1999.
47. Jull GA, O'Leary SP, Falla DL. Clinical assessment of the deep cervical flexor muscles: the craniocervical flexion test. J Manipul Physiol Ther 2008; 31: 525-533.
48. Falla D, Jull G, Dall'Alba P, Rainoldi A, Merletti R. An electromyographic analysis of the deep cervical flexor muscles in performance of craniocervical flexion. Physical Ther 2003; 83: 899-906.
49. Falla DL, Campbell CD, Fagan AE, Thompson DC, Jull GA. Relationship between cranio-cervical flexion range of motion and pressure change during the cranio-cervical flexion test. Manual Ther 2003; 8: 92-96.
50. Falla DL, Jull GA, Hodges PW. Patients with neck pain demonstrate reduced electromyographic activity of the deep cervical flexor muscles during performance of the craniocervical flexion test. Spine 2004; 29: 2108-2114.
51. Jull G, Kristjansson E, Dall'Alba P. Impairment in the cervical flexors: a comparison of whiplash and insidious onset neck pain patients. Manual Ther 2004; 9: 89-94.
52. Nederhand M, IJzerman M, Hermens H, Turk D, Zilvold G. Predictive value of fear avoidance in developing chronic neck disability: consequences for clinical decision making. Arch Phys Med Rehab 2004; 85: 496-501.
53. Nijs J, Inghelbrecht E, Daenen L, Hachimi-Idrissi S, Hens L, Willems B, et al. Long-term functioning following whiplash injury: the role of social support and personality traits. Clinical Rheumatol 2011; 30: 927-935.
54. Banic B, Petersen-Felix S, Andersen O, Radanov B, Villiger P, Arendt-Nielsen L, et al. Evidence for spinal cord hypersensitivity in chronic pain after whiplash injury and in fibromyalgia. Pain 2004; 107: 7-15.
55. Sterling M, Jull G, Vicenzino B, Kenardy J. Sensory hypersensitivity occurs soon after whiplash injury and is associated with poor recovery. Pain 2003; 104: 509-517.
56. Sterling M, Treleaven J, Edwards S, Jull G. Pressure pain thresholds of upper limb peripheral nerve trunks in asymptomatic subjects. Physiother Res Int 2000; 5: 220-229.
57. Sterling M. A proposed new classification system for whiplash associated disorders-implications for assessment and management. Manual Ther 2004; 9: 60-70.
58. Kasch H, Qerama E, Kongsted A, Bach FW, Bendix T, Jensen TS. The risk assessment score in acute whiplash injury predicts outcome and reflects biopsychosocial factors. spine 2011; 36 Suppl 25: S263-S267.
59. Kamper SJ, Hancock MJ, Maher CG. Optimal designs for prediction studies of whiplash. Spine 2011; 36 (Suppl 25): S268-S274.