Salt Resistance of Crop Plants: Physiological Characterization of a Multigenic Trait

The Molecular and Physiological Basis of Nutrient Use Efficiency in Crops

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 443-455

  Schubert, Sven ^a  

^a JUSTUS LIEBIG UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Better understanding of processes of cell elongation, needed; Biphasic model of growth response of crop plants improving salt resistance in wheat; Osmotic resistance, in salt stress salinity, decreasing solute potential; Saline soils, and electrical conductivity 4dSm 1 in saturation extract; Salt resistance during reproductive stage; Salt resistance of crop plants physiological characterization of multigenic traits; Sodium exclusion strategies, second phase testing biphasic model of growth, salt stress; Soil salinity, and hazard increase in worldwide crop production; Soil salinity, hazard in arid and semi arid regions of the world; Two phase model of salt stress poor understanding, of why salt stress inhibits plant growth

Indexed keywords

EID: 84875778239     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470960707.ch19     Document Type: Chapter

References (89)

1. Amede , T. , Kittlitz , E.V. , & Schubert , S. ( 1999 ) Differential drought responses of faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) inbred lines . Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 183 , 35 - 45 .
2. Amtmann , A. , Bohnert , H.J. , & Bressan , R.A. ( 2005 ) Abiotic stress and plant genome evaluation. Search for new models . Plant Physiology 138 , 127 - 130 .
3. Anil, V.S. , Krishnamurthy , H. , & Methew , M.K. ( 2007) Limiting cytosolic Na + confers salt tolerance to rice cells in culture: a two photon microscopy study of SBFI - loaded cells . Physiologia Plantarum 129 , 607 - 621 .
4. Apse , M.P. , Aharon , G.S. , Snedden , W.A. , et al. ( 1999 ) Salt tolerance conferred by overexpression of a vacuolar Na + /H + antiport in Arabidopsis . Science 285 , 1256 - 1258 .
5. Arrese - Igor , C. , Royuela , M. , de Lorenzo , C. , et al. ( 1993 ) Effect of low rhizosphere oxygen on growth, nitrogen fi xation and nodule morphology in lucerne . Physiologia Plantarum 89 , 55 - 63 .
6. Aspinall , D. ( 1986 ) Metabolic effects of water and salinity stress in relation to expansion of the leaf surface. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 13 , 59 - 73 .
7. Balibrea , M.E. , Cuartero , J. , Bolarín , M.C. , et al. ( 2003 ) Sucrolytic activities during fruit development of Lycopersicon genotypes differing in tolerance to salinity . Physiologia Plantarum 118 , 38 - 46 .
8. Bano , A. , Dörffl ing , K. , Bettin , D. , et al. ( 1993 ) Abscisic acid and cytokinins as possible root - to - shoot signals in xylem sap of rice plants in drying soil . Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 20 , 109 - 115 .
9. Boyle , M.G. , Boyer , J.S. , & Morgan , P.W. ( 1991 ) Stem infusion of liquid culture medium prevents reproductive failure of maize at low water potentials . Crop Science 31 , 1246 - 1252 .
10. Chasen , O. & Neumann , P.M. ( 1994 ) Hydraulic signals from the roots and rapid cell wall hardening in growing maize ( Zea mays L.) leaves are primary responses to polyethylene glycol - induced water defi cits . Plant Physiology 104 , 1385 - 1392 .
11. Cramer , G.R. ( 1994 ) Response of maize ( Zea mays L.) to salinity . In: Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress (ed. M. Pessarakli ), pp. 449 - 459 .
12. Marcel Dekker , New York . Cramer , G.R. , Epstein , E. , & Läuchli , A. ( 1990 ) Effects of sodium, potassium and calcium on salt - stressed barley. I. Growth analysis . Physiologia Plantarum 80 , 83 - 88 .
13. Davenport , R. , James , R.A. , Zakrisson - Plogander , A. , et al. ( 2005 ) Control of sodium transport in durum wheat . Plant Physiology 137 , 807 - 818 .
14. Davies , W.J. & Zhang , J. ( 1991 ) Root signals and the regulation of growth and development of plants in drying soil . Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 42 , 55 - 76 .
15. De Costa , W. , Zörb , C. , Hartung , W. , et al. ( 2007 ) Salt resistance is determined by osmotic adjustment and abscisic acid in newly developed maize hybrids in the fi rst phase of salt stress . Physiologia Plantarum 131 , 311 - 321 .
16. Drew , M.C. & Läuchli , A. ( 1985 ) Oxygen - dependent exclusion of sodium ions from shoots by roots of Zea mays (cv. Pioneer 3906) in relation to salinity damage . Plant Physiology 79 , 171 - 176 .
17. Ehret , D.L. , Redmannn , R.E. , Harvey , B.L. , et al. ( 1990 ) Salinity - induced calcium defi ciencies in wheat and barley . Plant and Soil 128 , 143 - 151 .
18. Epstein , E. , Norlyn , J.D. , Rush , D.W. , et al. ( 1980 ) Saline culture of crops: a genetic approach . Science 210 , 399 - 404 .
19. Evlagon , D. , Ravina , I. , & Neumann , P.M. ( 1992 ) Effects of salinity stress and calcium on hydraulic conductivity and growth in maize seedling roots . Journal of Plant Nutrition 15 , 795 - 803 .
20. Felle , H. & Hanstein , S. ( 2002 ) The apoplastic pH of the substomatal cavity of Vicia faba leaves and its regulation responding to different stress factors . Journal of Experimental Botany 53 , 73 - 82 .
21. Fortmeier , R. & Schubert , S. ( 1995 ) Salt tolerance of maize ( Zea mays L.): the role of sodium exclusion . Plant, Cell & Environment 18 , 1041 - 1047 .
22. Fukushima , E. , Arata , Y. , Endo , T. , et al. ( 2001 ) Improved salt tolerance of transgenic tobacco expressing apoplastic yeast - derived invertase . Plant Cell Physiology 42 , 245 - 249 .
23. Gorham , J. , Wyn Jones , R.G. , & Bristol , A. ( 1990 ) Partial characterization of the trait for enhanced K + - Na + discrimination in the D genome of wheat . Planta 180 , 590 - 597 .
24. Guo , K. - M. , Babourina , O. , & Rengel , Z. ( 2009 ) Na + / H+ antiporter activity of the SOS1 gene: lifetime imaging analysis and electrophysiological studies on Arabidopsis seedlings . Physiologia Plantarum 137 , 155 - 165 .
25. Hager , A. ( 2003 ) Role of the plasma membrane H + - ATPase in auxin - induced elongation growth: historical and new aspects . Journal of Plant Research 116 , 483 - 505 .
26. Hatzig , S. , Hanstein , S. , & Schubert , S. ( 2010a ) Apoplast acidifi cation is not a necessary determinant for the resistance of maize in the fi rst phase of salt stress . Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 173 , 559 - 562 .
27. Hatzig , S. , Kumar , A. , Neubert , A. , et al. ( 2010b ) PEP - carboxylase activity: a comparison of its role in a C4 and a C3 species under salt stress . Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 196 , 185 - 192 .
28. He , T. & Cramer , G.R. ( 1992) Growth and mineral nutrition of six rapid - cycling Brassica species in response to seawater salinity . Plant and Soil 139 , 285 - 294.
29. Hecht - Buchholz , C. , Pflüger , R. , & Marschner , H. ( 1971) Einfl uss von Natriumchlorid auf die Mitochondrienzahl und Atmung von Maiswurzelspitzen . Zeitschrift für Pfl anzenphysiologie 65 , 410 - 417 .
30. Hu , Y. & Schmidhalter , U. ( 2005 ) Drought and salinity: a comparison of their effects on mineral nutrition of plants . Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 168 , 541 - 549 .
31. Jia , W. & Davies , W.J. ( 2007 ) Modifi cation of leaf apoplastic pH in relation to stomatal sensitivity to root - sourced abscisic acid signals . Plant Physiology 143 , 68 - 77 .
32. Kuznetsov , V.V. & Shevyakova , N.I. ( 1997 ) Stress responses of tobacco cells to high temperature and salinity. Proline accumulation and phosphorylation of polypeptides . Physiologia Plantarum 100 , 320 - 326 .
33. Läuchli , A. & Schubert , S. ( 1989 ) The role of calcium in the regulation of membrane and cellular growth processes under salt stress . In: Environmental Stress in Plants. Biochemical and Physiological Mechanisms (ed. J.H. Cherry ), pp. 131 - 138 .
34. Springer , Berlin . Lauter , D.J. & Munns , D.N. ( 1986 ) Salt resistance of chickpea genotypes in solutions salinized with NaCl or Na 2 SO 4 . Plant and Soil 95 , 271 - 279 .
35. Lessani , H. & Marschner , H. ( 1978 ) Relation between salt tolerance and long - distance transport of sodium and chloride in various crop species . Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 5 , 27 - 37 .
36. Levitt , J. ( 1980 ) Responses of Plants to Environmental Stresses. Vol. I. Chilling, Freezing, and High Temperature Stresses (ed. T.T. Kozlowski ) Academic Press , Orlando, FL .
37. Lockhart , J.A. ( 1965 ) Cell extension . In: Plant Biochemsitry (eds. J. Bonner & J.E. Varner ), pp. 826 - 849 . Academic Press , New York .
38. Luo , Q. , Yu , B. , & Liu , Y. ( 2005 ) Differential sensitivity to chloride and sodium ions in seedlings of Glycine max and G. soja under NaCl stress . Journal of Plant Physiology 162 , 1003 - 1012 .
39. Lynch , J. & Läuchli , A. ( 1985 ) Salt stress disturbs the calcium nutrition of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) . New Phytologist 99 , 345 - 354 .
40. Marschner , H. & Mix , G. ( 1973 ) Einfl uss von Natriumchlorid und Mycostatin auf den Mineralstoffgehalt im Blattgewebe und die Feinstruktur der Chloroplasten. Zeitschrift für Pfl anzenernährung und Bodenkunde 136 , 203 - 219.
41. Martínez Barrosos , M.C. & Alvarez , C.E. ( 1997 ) Toxicity symptoms and tolerance of strawberry to salinity in the irrigation water . Scientia Horticulturae 71 , 177 - 188 .
42. Matínez - Atienza , J. , Jiang , X. , Garciadeblas , B. , et al. ( 2007 ) Conservation of the salt overly sensitive pathway in rice . Plant Physiology 143 , 1001 - 1012.
43. Mizrahi , Y. & Pasternak , D. ( 1985 ) Effect of salinity on quality of various agricultural crops . Plant and Soil 89 , 301 - 307 .
44. Montero , E. , Cabot , C. , Barceló, J. , et al. ( 1997 ) Endogenous abscisic acid levels are linked to decreased growth of bush bean plants treated with NaCl . Physiologia Plantarum 101 , 17 - 22 .
45. Munns , R. ( 1988 ) Why measure osmotic adjustment? Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 15 , 717 - 726 .
46. Munns , R. ( 1993 ) Physiological processes limiting plant growth in saline soils: some dogmas and hypotheses . P lant, Cell & Environment 16 , 15 - 24 .
47. Munns , R. ( 2002 ) Comparative physiology of salt and water stress . Plant, Cell & Environment 25 , 239 - 250 .
48. Munns , R. & Tester , M. ( 2008 ) Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology 59 , 651 - 681 .
49. Munns , R. , James , R.A. , & Läuchli , A. ( 2006 ) Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of wheat and other cereals . Journal of Experimental Botany 57 , 1025 - 1043 .
50. Neves - Piestun , B.G. & Bernstein , N. ( 2001 ) Salinity - induced inhibition of leaf elongation in maize is not mediated by changes in cell wall acidifi cation capacity . Plant Physiology 125 , 1419 - 1428 .
51. Pitann , B. , Schubert , S. , & Mühling , K.H. ( 2009 ) Decline in leaf growth under salt stress is due to an inhibition of H + - pumping activity and increase in apoplastic pH of maize leaves . Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 172 , 535 - 543 .
52. Qadir , M. & Schubert , S. ( 2002 ) Degradation processes and nutrient constraints in sodic soils . Land Degradation & Development 13 , 275 - 294 .
53. Qadir , M. , Schubert , S. , Ghafoor , A. , et al. ( 2001 ) Amelioration strategies for sodic soils: a review . Land Degradation & Development 12 , 357 - 386 .
54. Qadir , M. , Noble , A.D. , Schubert , S. , et al. ( 2006 ) Sodicity induced land degradation and its sustainable management: problems and prospects . Land Degradation & Development 17 , 661 - 676 .
55. Qadir , M. , Oster , J.D. , Schubert , S. , et al. ( 2007 ) Phytoremediation of sodic and saline - sodic soils . Advances in Agronomy 96 , 197 - 247 .
56. Qiu , Q. - S. , Barkla , B.J. , Vera - Estrella , J. - K. , et al. ( 2003 ) Na + /H + exchange activity in the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis . Plant Physiology 132 , 1041 - 1052 .
57. Queirós , F. , Fontes , N. , Silva , P. , et al. ( 2009 ) Activity of tonoplast proton pumps and Na + /H + exchange in potato cell cultures is modulated by salt . Journal of Experimental Botany 60 , 1363 - 1374 .
58. Roitsch , T. & González , M. - C. ( 2004 ) Function and regulation of plant invertases: sweet sensations . Trends in Plant Science 9 , 606 - 613 .
59. Rozema , J. & Flowers , T.J. ( 2008 ) Crops for a salinized world . Science 322 , 1478 - 1480 .
60. Saneoka , S. , Nagasaka , C. , Hahn , D.T. , et al. ( 1995 ) Salt tolerance of glycinebetaine - defi cient and - containing maize lines . Plant Physiology 107 , 631 - 638 .
61. Saqib , M. , Zörb , C. , Rengel , Z. , et al. ( 2005 ) The expression of the endogenous vacuolar Na + /H + antiporters in roots and shoots correlates positively with the salt resistance of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) . Plant Science 169 , 959 - 965 .
62. Schachtman , D.P. & Munns , R. ( 1992 ) Sodium accumulation in leaves of Tritcum species that differ in salt tolerance . Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 19 , 331 - 340 .
63. Schubert , S. ( 2009 ) Advances in alleviating growth limitations of maize under salt stress . Proceedings of the XVI International Plant Nutrition Colloquium , Sacramento, USA. Available at: http://escholarship. org/uc/item/891457b8?query=Schubert#page - 1 (accessed May 3, 2011).
64. Schubert , S. & Läuchli , A. ( 1986 ) Na + exclusion, H + release, and growth of two different maize cultivars under NaCl salinity . Journal of Plant Physiology 126 , 145 - 154 .
65. Schubert , S. & Läuchli , A. ( 1988 ) Metabolic dependence of Na + effl ux from roots of intact maize seedlings . Journal of Plant Physiology 133 , 193 - 198 .
66. Schubert , S. & Läuchli , A. ( 1990 ) Sodium exclusion mechanisms at the root surface of two maize cultivars . Plant and Soil 123 , 205 - 209 .
67. Schubert , S. , Neubert , A. , Schierholt , A. , et al. ( 2009 ) Development of salt - resistant maize hybrids: the combination of physiological strategies using conventional breeding methods . Plant Science 177 , 196 - 202 .
68. Setter , T.L. , Flannigan , B.A. , & Melkonian , J. ( 2001 ) Crop Science 41 , 1530 - 1540 .
69. Slabu , C. , Zörb , C. , Steffens , D. , et al. ( 2009 ) Is salt stress of faba been ( Vicia faba L.) caused by Na + or Cl - toxicity. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 172 , 644 - 650 .
70. Sümer , A. , Zörb , C. , Yan , F. , et al. ( 2004 ) Evidence of sodium toxicity for the vegetative growth of maize (Zea mays L.) during the fi rst phase of salt stress . Journal of Applied Botany 78 , 135 - 139 .
71. Szabolcs , I. ( 1994 ) Soils and salinization . In: Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress (ed. M. Pessarakli ), pp. 3 - 17 . Marcell Dekker , New York .
72. Teakle , N.L. , Amtmann , A. , Real , D. , et al. ( 2010 ) Lotus tenuis tolerates combined salinity and waterlogging: maintaining O 2 transport to roots and expression of an NHX1 - like gene contribute to regulation of Na + transport . P hysiologia Plantarum 139 , 358 - 374 .
73. Termaat , A. , Passioura , J.B. , & Munns , R. ( 1985 ) Shoot turgor does not limit shoot growth of NaCl - affected wheat and barley . Plant Physiology 77 , 869 - 872 .
74. Tester , M. & Davenport , R. ( 2003 ) Na + tolerance and Na+ transport in higher plants . Annals of Botany 91 , 503 - 527 .
75. Thiel , G. , Lynch , J. , & Läuchli , A. ( 1988 ) Short - term effects of salinity stress on the turgor and elongation of growing barley leaves . Journal of Plant Physiology 132 , 38 - 44 .
76. Thomas , J.C. , McElwain , E.F. , & Bohnert , H.J. ( 1992 ) Convergent induction of osmotic stress - responses. Abscisic acid, cytokinin, and the effects of NaCl . Plant Physiology 100 , 416 - 423 .
77. Van Volkenburgh , E. & Boyer , J.S. ( 1985 ) Inhibitory effects of water defi cit on maize leaf elongation . Plant Physiology 77 , 190 - 194 .
78. Wakeel , A. , Abd - El - Motadally , F. , Steffens , D. , et al. ( 2009 ) Sodium - induced calcium defi ciency in sugar beet during substitution of potassium by sodium . Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 172 , 254 - 260 .
79. Wakeel , A. , Hanstein , S. , Pitann , B. , et al. ( 2010 ) Hydrolytic and pumping activity of H + - ATPase from leaves of sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) as affected by salt stress . Journal of Plant Physiology 167 , 725 - 731 .
80. White , P.J. & Broadley , M.R. ( 2001 ) Chloride in soils and its uptake and movement within the plant: a review . Annals of Botany 88 , 967 - 988 .
81. Wilkinson , S. & Davies , W.J. ( 2002 ) ABA - based chemical signalling: the co - ordination of responses to stress in plants . Plant, Cell & Environment 25 , 195 - 210 .
82. Xuan , Y. , Horie , T. , Xue , S. , et al. ( 2010 ) Differential sodium and potassium transport selectivities of the rice OsHKT2;1 and OsHKT2;2 transporters in plant cells . Plant Physiology 152 , 341 - 355 .
83. Xue , Z. - Y. , Zhi , D. - Y. , Xue , G. - P. , et al. ( 2004 ) Enhanced salt tolerance of transgenic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) expressing a vacuolar Na + H + antiporter gene with improved grain yield in saline soils in the fi eld and a reduced level of Na + . Plant Science 167 , 849 - 859 .
84. Yeo , A.R. , Caporn , S.J.M. , & Flowers , T.J. ( 1985 ) The effect of salinity upon photosynthesis in rice (Orzyza sativa L.): gas exchange by individual leaves in relation to their salt content . Journal of Experimental Botany 36 , 1240 - 1248 .
85. Zhang , H.X. & Blumwald , E. ( 2001 ) Transgenic salt - tolerant tomato plants accumulate salt in foliage but not in fruit . Nature Biotechnology 19 , 765 - 768.
86. Zinselmeier , C. , Westgate , M.E. , & Schussler , J.R. ( 1995 ) Low water potential disrupts carbohydrate metabolism in maize ( Zea mays L.) ovaries . Plant Physiology 107 , 385 - 391 .
87. Zinselmeier , C. , Yeong , B. - R. , & Boyer , J.S. ( 1999 ) Starch and the control of kernel number in maize at low water potentials . Plant Physiology 121 , 25 - 35.
88. Zörb , C. , Stracke , B. , Tramnitz , B. , et al. ( 2005 ) Does H+ pumping by plasmalemma ATPase limit leaf growth of maize ( Zea mays ) during the fi rst phase of salt stress? Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 168 , 550 - 557 .
89. Zörb , C. , Herbst , R. , Forreiter , C. , et al. ( 2009 ) Short - term effects of salt exposure on the maize chloroplast pattern: a proteomic study . Proteomics 9 , 4209 - 4220 .