메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 206, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 8-16

Working memory as a predictor of negative symptoms and functional outcome in first episode psychosis

Author keywords

Cognition; First episode psychosis; Follow up; Functional outcome; Negative symptoms; Working memory

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; BIPOLAR DISORDER; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COGNITION; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; FUNCTIONING ASSESSMENT SHORT TEST; HAMILTON SCALE; HUMAN; MALE; NEGATIVE SYNDROME; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SYNDROME SCALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOLOGIC TEST; SCORING SYSTEM; STROOP TEST; VERBAL FLUENCY TEST; WECHSLER INTELLIGENCE SCALE; WECHSLER MEMORY SCALE; WISCONSIN CARD SORTING TEST; WORKING MEMORY; YOUNG SCALE;

EID: 84875384062     PISSN: 01651781     EISSN: 18727123     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.08.025     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (61)

References (104)
  • 1
    • 0038740852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive functioning in first-episode psychosis: initial presentation
    • Addington J., Brooks B.L., Addington D. Cognitive functioning in first-episode psychosis: initial presentation. Schizophrenia Research 2003, 62:59-64.
    • (2003) Schizophrenia Research , vol.62 , pp. 59-64
    • Addington, J.1    Brooks, B.L.2    Addington, D.3
  • 2
    • 23944527335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The course of cognitive functioning in first episode psychosis: changes over time and impact on outcome
    • Addington J., Saeedi H., Addington D. The course of cognitive functioning in first episode psychosis: changes over time and impact on outcome. Schizophrenia Research 2005, 78:35-43.
    • (2005) Schizophrenia Research , vol.78 , pp. 35-43
    • Addington, J.1    Saeedi, H.2    Addington, D.3
  • 4
    • 78951487298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognition at illness onset as a predictor of later functional outcome in early psychosis: systematic review and methodological critique
    • Allott K., Liu P., Proffitt T.M., Killackey E. Cognition at illness onset as a predictor of later functional outcome in early psychosis: systematic review and methodological critique. Schizophrenia Research 2011, 125:221-235.
    • (2011) Schizophrenia Research , vol.125 , pp. 221-235
    • Allott, K.1    Liu, P.2    Proffitt, T.M.3    Killackey, E.4
  • 5
    • 1142285269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The deficit syndrome in schizophrenia: implications for the treatment of negative symptoms
    • Arango C., Buchanan R.W., Kirkpatrick B., Carpenter W.T. The deficit syndrome in schizophrenia: implications for the treatment of negative symptoms. European Psychiatry 2004, 19:21-26.
    • (2004) European Psychiatry , vol.19 , pp. 21-26
    • Arango, C.1    Buchanan, R.W.2    Kirkpatrick, B.3    Carpenter, W.T.4
  • 7
  • 12
    • 53949110784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive markers of short-term clinical outcome in first-episode psychosis
    • Bodnar M., Malla A., Joober R., Lepage M. Cognitive markers of short-term clinical outcome in first-episode psychosis. British Journal of Psychiatry 2008, 193:297-304.
    • (2008) British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.193 , pp. 297-304
    • Bodnar, M.1    Malla, A.2    Joober, R.3    Lepage, M.4
  • 13
    • 77957875154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocognition in schizophrenia: a 20-year multi-follow-up of the course of processing speed and stored knowledge
    • Bonner-Jackson A., Grossman L.S., Harrow M., Rosen C. Neurocognition in schizophrenia: a 20-year multi-follow-up of the course of processing speed and stored knowledge. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2010, 51:471-479.
    • (2010) Comprehensive Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 471-479
    • Bonner-Jackson, A.1    Grossman, L.S.2    Harrow, M.3    Rosen, C.4
  • 16
    • 13444278660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impairments of executive/attentional functions in schizophrenia with primary and secondary negative symptoms
    • Brazo P., Delamillieure P., Morello R., Halbecq L., Marié R.M., Dollfus S. Impairments of executive/attentional functions in schizophrenia with primary and secondary negative symptoms. Psychiatry Research 2005, 133:45-55.
    • (2005) Psychiatry Research , vol.133 , pp. 45-55
    • Brazo, P.1    Delamillieure, P.2    Morello, R.3    Halbecq, L.4    Marié, R.M.5    Dollfus, S.6
  • 17
  • 18
    • 0037329184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial and final work performance in schizophrenia: cognitive and symptom predictors
    • Bryson G.-, Bell M.D. Initial and final work performance in schizophrenia: cognitive and symptom predictors. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 2003, 191:87-92.
    • (2003) Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , vol.191 , pp. 87-92
    • Bryson G.-1    Bell, M.D.2
  • 21
    • 33644758588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological functions predict 1- and 3-year outcome in first-episode psychosis
    • Carlsson R., Nyman H., Ganse G., Cullberg J. Neuropsychological functions predict 1- and 3-year outcome in first-episode psychosis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2006, 113:102-111.
    • (2006) Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , vol.113 , pp. 102-111
    • Carlsson, R.1    Nyman, H.2    Ganse, G.3    Cullberg, J.4
  • 22
    • 77955970618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing definitions of symptom remission in first-episode psychosis for prediction of functional outcome at 2 years
    • Cassidy C.M., Norman R., Manchanda R., Schmitz N., Malla A. Testing definitions of symptom remission in first-episode psychosis for prediction of functional outcome at 2 years. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2010, 36:1001-1008.
    • (2010) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.36 , pp. 1001-1008
    • Cassidy, C.M.1    Norman, R.2    Manchanda, R.3    Schmitz, N.4    Malla, A.5
  • 24
    • 33646565373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptomatic and functional outcome 12 months after a first episode of psychotic mania: barriers to recovery in a catchment area sample
    • Conus P., Cotton S., Abdel-Baki A., Lambert M., Berk M., McGorry P.D. Symptomatic and functional outcome 12 months after a first episode of psychotic mania: barriers to recovery in a catchment area sample. Bipolar Disorders 2006, 8:221-231.
    • (2006) Bipolar Disorders , vol.8 , pp. 221-231
    • Conus, P.1    Cotton, S.2    Abdel-Baki, A.3    Lambert, M.4    Berk, M.5    McGorry, P.D.6
  • 29
    • 0036641737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independence and overlap among neurocognitive correlates of community functioning in schizophrenia
    • Dickinson D., Coursey R.D. Independence and overlap among neurocognitive correlates of community functioning in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2002, 56:161-170.
    • (2002) Schizophrenia Research , vol.56 , pp. 161-170
    • Dickinson, D.1    Coursey, R.D.2
  • 30
    • 84862000184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive functions in first episode psycosis
    • Elsawy H., El-Hay M.A., Badawy A. Cognitive functions in first episode psycosis. Current Psychiatry 2010, 17:21-27.
    • (2010) Current Psychiatry , vol.17 , pp. 21-27
    • Elsawy, H.1    El-Hay, M.A.2    Badawy, A.3
  • 31
    • 0033758406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paired-associate learning and memory interference in schizophrenia
    • Elvevåg B., Egan M.F., Goldberg T.E. Paired-associate learning and memory interference in schizophrenia. Neuropsychologia 2000, 38:1565-1575.
    • (2000) Neuropsychologia , vol.38 , pp. 1565-1575
    • Elvevåg, B.1    Egan, M.F.2    Goldberg, T.E.3
  • 33
    • 33745379813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive deficits and levels of IQ in adolescent onset schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
    • Fagerlund B., Pagsberg A.K., Hemmingsen R.P. Cognitive deficits and levels of IQ in adolescent onset schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Schizophrenia Research 2006, 85:30-39.
    • (2006) Schizophrenia Research , vol.85 , pp. 30-39
    • Fagerlund, B.1    Pagsberg, A.K.2    Hemmingsen, R.P.3
  • 36
    • 70349567636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turning it upside down: areas of preserved cognitive function in schizophrenia
    • Gold J.M., Hahn B., Strauss G.P., Waltz J.A. Turning it upside down: areas of preserved cognitive function in schizophrenia. Neuropsychology Review 2009, 19:294-311.
    • (2009) Neuropsychology Review , vol.19 , pp. 294-311
    • Gold, J.M.1    Hahn, B.2    Strauss, G.P.3    Waltz, J.A.4
  • 37
    • 7544229805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive deficits as treatment targets in schizophrenia
    • Gold J.M. Cognitive deficits as treatment targets in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2004, 15:21-28.
    • (2004) Schizophrenia Research , vol.15 , pp. 21-28
    • Gold, J.M.1
  • 39
    • 0038706973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working memory dysfunction in schizophrenia
    • American Psychiatric Publishing, Washington, DC, S.P. Salloway, P.F. Malloy, J.D. Duffy (Eds.)
    • Goldman-Rakic P. Working memory dysfunction in schizophrenia. The Frontal Lobes and Neuropsychiatric Illness 2001, 71-82. American Psychiatric Publishing, Washington, DC. S.P. Salloway, P.F. Malloy, J.D. Duffy (Eds.).
    • (2001) The Frontal Lobes and Neuropsychiatric Illness , pp. 71-82
    • Goldman-Rakic, P.1
  • 44
    • 53149083344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder: neurodevelopment or neurodegeneration? An ECNP expert meeting report
    • Goodwin G.M., Martinez-Aran A., Glahn D.C., Vieta E. Cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder: neurodevelopment or neurodegeneration? An ECNP expert meeting report. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2008, 18:787-793.
    • (2008) European Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.18 , pp. 787-793
    • Goodwin, G.M.1    Martinez-Aran, A.2    Glahn, D.C.3    Vieta, E.4
  • 45
    • 77952672528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social functioning in urban, predominantly African American, socially disadvantaged patients with first episode nonaffective psychosis
    • Goulding S.M., Franz L., Bergner E., Compton M.T. Social functioning in urban, predominantly African American, socially disadvantaged patients with first episode nonaffective psychosis. Schizophrenia Research 2010, 119:95-100.
    • (2010) Schizophrenia Research , vol.119 , pp. 95-100
    • Goulding, S.M.1    Franz, L.2    Bergner, E.3    Compton, M.T.4
  • 47
    • 7544244277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal studies of cognition and functional outcome: implications for MATRICS
    • Green M.F., Kern R.S., Heaton R.K. Longitudinal studies of cognition and functional outcome: implications for MATRICS. Schizophrenia Research 2004, 72:41-51.
    • (2004) Schizophrenia Research , vol.72 , pp. 41-51
    • Green, M.F.1    Kern, R.S.2    Heaton, R.K.3
  • 48
    • 39049174296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairment and functional outcome in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
    • Green M.F. Cognitive impairment and functional outcome in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2006, 67:e12.
    • (2006) Journal of Clinical Psychiatry , vol.67
    • Green, M.F.1
  • 50
    • 17444362717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of cognitive impairment in early psychosis: a comparison of risperidone and haloperidol in a large long-term trial
    • Harvey P.D., Rabinowitz J., Eerdekens M., Davidson M. Treatment of cognitive impairment in early psychosis: a comparison of risperidone and haloperidol in a large long-term trial. American Journal of Psychiatry 2005, 162:1888-1895.
    • (2005) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.162 , pp. 1888-1895
    • Harvey, P.D.1    Rabinowitz, J.2    Eerdekens, M.3    Davidson, M.4
  • 51
    • 33746084128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dimensions of clinical and cognitive change in schizophrenia: evidence for independence of improvements
    • Harvey P.D., Green M.F., Bowie C., Loebel A. The dimensions of clinical and cognitive change in schizophrenia: evidence for independence of improvements. Psychopharmacology 2006, 187:356-363.
    • (2006) Psychopharmacology , vol.187 , pp. 356-363
    • Harvey, P.D.1    Green, M.F.2    Bowie, C.3    Loebel, A.4
  • 53
    • 0031903740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia: a quantitative review of the evidence
    • Heinrichs R.W., Zakzanis K.K. Neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia: a quantitative review of the evidence. Neuropsychology 1998, 12:426-445.
    • (1998) Neuropsychology , vol.12 , pp. 426-445
    • Heinrichs, R.W.1    Zakzanis, K.K.2
  • 56
    • 0034607598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verbal fluency and psychiatric symptoms in geriatric schizophrenia
    • Howanitz E., Cicalese C., Harvey P.D. Verbal fluency and psychiatric symptoms in geriatric schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2000, 42:167-169.
    • (2000) Schizophrenia Research , vol.42 , pp. 167-169
    • Howanitz, E.1    Cicalese, C.2    Harvey, P.D.3
  • 57
    • 40049102475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What happens after the first episode? A review of progressive brain changes in chronically ill patients with schizophrenia
    • Hulshoff Pol H.E., Kahn R.S. What happens after the first episode? A review of progressive brain changes in chronically ill patients with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2008, 34:354-366.
    • (2008) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.34 , pp. 354-366
    • Hulshoff Pol, H.E.1    Kahn, R.S.2
  • 58
    • 77949402031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Course of neurocognitive deficits in the prodrome and first episode of schizophrenia
    • Jahshan C., Heaton R.K., Golshan S., Cadenhead K.S. Course of neurocognitive deficits in the prodrome and first episode of schizophrenia. Neuropsychology 2010, 24:109-120.
    • (2010) Neuropsychology , vol.24 , pp. 109-120
    • Jahshan, C.1    Heaton, R.K.2    Golshan, S.3    Cadenhead, K.S.4
  • 59
    • 0023606101 scopus 로고
    • The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia
    • Kay S.R., Fiszbein A., Opler L.A. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 1987, 13:261-276.
    • (1987) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.13 , pp. 261-276
    • Kay, S.R.1    Fiszbein, A.2    Opler, L.A.3
  • 61
    • 28244436240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a quantitative review
    • Krabbendam L., Arts B., van Os J., Aleman A. Cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a quantitative review. Schizophrenia Research 2005, 80:137-149.
    • (2005) Schizophrenia Research , vol.80 , pp. 137-149
    • Krabbendam, L.1    Arts, B.2    van Os, J.3    Aleman, A.4
  • 62
    • 0344059113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Maudsley early onset schizophrenia study: cognitive function in adolescents with recent onset schizophrenia
    • Kravariti E.-, Morris R.G., Rabe-Hesketh S., Murray R.M., Frangou S. The Maudsley early onset schizophrenia study: cognitive function in adolescents with recent onset schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2003, 61:137-148.
    • (2003) Schizophrenia Research , vol.61 , pp. 137-148
    • Kravariti E.-1    Morris, R.G.2    Rabe-Hesketh, S.3    Murray, R.M.4    Frangou, S.5
  • 63
    • 70249100595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analytic investigation of neurocognitive deficits in bipolar illness: profile and effects of clinical state
    • Kurtz M.M., Gerraty R.T. A meta-analytic investigation of neurocognitive deficits in bipolar illness: profile and effects of clinical state. Neuropsychology 2009, 23:551-562.
    • (2009) Neuropsychology , vol.23 , pp. 551-562
    • Kurtz, M.M.1    Gerraty, R.T.2
  • 64
    • 58149136847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IQ as a predictor of functional outcome in schizophrenia: a longitudinal, four-year study of first-episode psychosis
    • Leeson V.C., Barnes T.R.E., Hutton S.B., Ron M.A., Joyce E.M. IQ as a predictor of functional outcome in schizophrenia: a longitudinal, four-year study of first-episode psychosis. Schizophrenia Research 2009, 107:55-60.
    • (2009) Schizophrenia Research , vol.107 , pp. 55-60
    • Leeson, V.C.1    Barnes, T.R.E.2    Hutton, S.B.3    Ron, M.A.4    Joyce, E.M.5
  • 65
    • 79959722951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IQ trajectory, cognitive reserve, and clinical outcome following a first episode of psychosis: a 3-year longitudinal study
    • Leeson V.C., Sharma P., Harrison M., Ron M.A., Barnes T.R., Joyce E.M. IQ trajectory, cognitive reserve, and clinical outcome following a first episode of psychosis: a 3-year longitudinal study. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2011, 37:768-777.
    • (2011) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.37 , pp. 768-777
    • Leeson, V.C.1    Sharma, P.2    Harrison, M.3    Ron, M.A.4    Barnes, T.R.5    Joyce, E.M.6
  • 67
    • 0034735967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The quantity and quality of the social networks of young people with early psychosis compared with closely matched controls
    • Macdonald E.M., Hayes R.L., Baglioni A.J. The quantity and quality of the social networks of young people with early psychosis compared with closely matched controls. Schizophrenia Research 2000, 46:25-30.
    • (2000) Schizophrenia Research , vol.46 , pp. 25-30
    • Macdonald, E.M.1    Hayes, R.L.2    Baglioni, A.J.3
  • 69
    • 14844321950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive values of neurocognition and negative symptoms on functional outcome in schizophrenia: a longitudinal first-episode study with 7-year follow-up
    • Milev P. Predictive values of neurocognition and negative symptoms on functional outcome in schizophrenia: a longitudinal first-episode study with 7-year follow-up. American Journal of Psychiatry 2005, 162:495-506.
    • (2005) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.162 , pp. 495-506
    • Milev, P.1
  • 70
    • 77953011862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comorbid depressive symptoms in the developmental course of adolescent-onset psychosis
    • Myles-Worsley M., Weaver S., Blailes F. Comorbid depressive symptoms in the developmental course of adolescent-onset psychosis. Early Intervention in Psychiatry 2007, 1:183-190.
    • (2007) Early Intervention in Psychiatry , vol.1 , pp. 183-190
    • Myles-Worsley, M.1    Weaver, S.2    Blailes, F.3
  • 74
    • 34548819017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological impairments in schizophrenia: integration of performance-based and brain imaging findings
    • Reichenberg A., Harvey P.D. Neuropsychological impairments in schizophrenia: integration of performance-based and brain imaging findings. Psychological Bulletin 2007, 133:833-858.
    • (2007) Psychological Bulletin , vol.133 , pp. 833-858
    • Reichenberg, A.1    Harvey, P.D.2
  • 83
    • 34447258218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobehavioral deficits in young adult offspring with heightened risk for psychosis who developed schizophrenia-spectrum disorder
    • Schubert E.W., McNeil T.F. Neurobehavioral deficits in young adult offspring with heightened risk for psychosis who developed schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. Schizophrenia Research 2007, 94:107-113.
    • (2007) Schizophrenia Research , vol.94 , pp. 107-113
    • Schubert, E.W.1    McNeil, T.F.2
  • 85
    • 84863988677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there evidence for late cognitive decline in chronic schizophrenia?
    • Shah J.N., Qureshi S.U., Jawaid A., Schulz P.E. Is there evidence for late cognitive decline in chronic schizophrenia?. Psychiatry Quarterly 2012, 83:127-144.
    • (2012) Psychiatry Quarterly , vol.83 , pp. 127-144
    • Shah, J.N.1    Qureshi, S.U.2    Jawaid, A.3    Schulz, P.E.4
  • 86
    • 0642340753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working memory deficit as a core neuropsychological dysfunction in schizophrenia
    • Silver H., Feldman P., Bilker W., Gur R.C. Working memory deficit as a core neuropsychological dysfunction in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry 2003, 160:1809-1816.
    • (2003) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.160 , pp. 1809-1816
    • Silver, H.1    Feldman, P.2    Bilker, W.3    Gur, R.C.4
  • 89
    • 0242551251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocognitive function and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia: a 10-year follow-up of an epidemiological cohort
    • Stirling J., White C., Lewis S., Hopkins R., Tantam D., Huddy A., Montague L. Neurocognitive function and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia: a 10-year follow-up of an epidemiological cohort. Schizophrenia Research 2003, 65:75-86.
    • (2003) Schizophrenia Research , vol.65 , pp. 75-86
    • Stirling, J.1    White, C.2    Lewis, S.3    Hopkins, R.4    Tantam, D.5    Huddy, A.6    Montague, L.7
  • 94
    • 80051677664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remission after first-episode schizophrenia: results of a long-term follow-up
    • Ucok A., Serbest S., Kandemir P.E. Remission after first-episode schizophrenia: results of a long-term follow-up. Psychiatry Research 2011, 189:33-37.
    • (2011) Psychiatry Research , vol.189 , pp. 33-37
    • Ucok, A.1    Serbest, S.2    Kandemir, P.E.3
  • 95
    • 34447536574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between cognition and functional outcome in first-episode patients with schizophrenia: mystery resolved
    • van Winkel R., Myin-Germeys I., DeHert M., Delespaul P., Peuskens J., vanOs J. The association between cognition and functional outcome in first-episode patients with schizophrenia: mystery resolved. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2007, 116:119-124.
    • (2007) Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , vol.116 , pp. 119-124
    • van Winkel, R.1    Myin-Germeys, I.2    DeHert, M.3    Delespaul, P.4    Peuskens, J.5    Vanos, J.6
  • 96
    • 68049147258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptoms as mediators of the relationship between neurocognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: a metaanalysis
    • Ventura J., Hellemann G.S., Thames A.D., Koellner V., Nuechterlein K.H. Symptoms as mediators of the relationship between neurocognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: a metaanalysis. Schizophrenia Research 2009, 113:189-199.
    • (2009) Schizophrenia Research , vol.113 , pp. 189-199
    • Ventura, J.1    Hellemann, G.S.2    Thames, A.D.3    Koellner, V.4    Nuechterlein, K.H.5
  • 97
    • 1642472904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX, USA, (Administration and Scoring Manual)
    • Wechsler D. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 1997, The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX, USA, (Administration and Scoring Manual). third ed.
    • (1997) Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
    • Wechsler, D.1
  • 98
    • 0003441705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX, USA, (Technical Manual)
    • Wechsler D. Wechsler Memory Scale 1997, The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX, USA, (Technical Manual). third ed.
    • (1997) Wechsler Memory Scale
    • Wechsler, D.1
  • 99
    • 33746773629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive grey matter atrophy over the first 2-3 years of illness in first-episode schizophrenia: a tensor-based morphometry study
    • Whitford T.J., Grieve S.M., Farrow T.F.D., Gomes L., Brennan J., Harris A.W.F., Gordon E., Williamsm L.M., et al. Progressive grey matter atrophy over the first 2-3 years of illness in first-episode schizophrenia: a tensor-based morphometry study. NeuroImage 2006, 32:511-519.
    • (2006) NeuroImage , vol.32 , pp. 511-519
    • Whitford, T.J.1    Grieve, S.M.2    Farrow, T.F.D.3    Gomes, L.4    Brennan, J.5    Harris, A.W.F.6    Gordon, E.7    Williamsm, L.M.8


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.