A meta-mood model of rumination and depression: Preliminary test in a non-clinical population

Scandinavian Journal of Psychology

Volumn 54, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 166-172

  Salguero, José M ^a   Extremera, Natalio ^a   Fernández Berrocal, Pablo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MÁLAGA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Depression; Emotion regulation; Rumination; Trait meta mood

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFFECT; AGED; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; DEPRESSION; EMOTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; THINKING; VERY ELDERLY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFFECT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ATTENTION; DEPRESSION; EMOTIONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; THINKING;

EID: 84875375029     PISSN: 00365564     EISSN: 14679450     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12026     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Alloy, L.B., Abramson, L.Y., Walshaw P.D. & Neerem, A.M. (2006). Cognitive vulnerability to unipolar and bipolar mood disorders. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25, 726-754.
2. Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F. & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. New York: Guilford.
3. Beck, A. T. & Steer, R. A. (1987). Manual for the Revised Beck Depression Inventory. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
4. Beck, A. T., Steer, R. & Garbin, M. (1988). Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: 25years of evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review, 8, 77-100.
5. Byrne, B. (1998). Structural equation modeling with Lisrel, Prelis and Simplis. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum.
6. Curran, P. J., West, S. G. & Finch, J. F. (1996). The robustness of test statistics to nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological Methods, 1, 16-29.
7. Davis, R.N. & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2000). Cognitive inflexibility among ruminators and nonruminators. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 24, 699-711.
8. Driscoll, K.A., Lopez, C.M. & Kistner, J.A. (2009). A diathesis-stress test of response styles in children. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 28, 1050-1070.
9. Extremera, N. & Fernández-Berrocal, P. (2006). Validity and reliability of the Spanish versions of the Ruminative Response Scale-Short Form and the Distraction Responses Scale in a sample of high school and college students. Psychological Reports, 98, 141-150.
10. Extremera, N., Fernández-Berrocal, P., Ruiz-Aranda, D. & Cabello, R. (2006). Emotional intelligence, response styles and depression. Ansiedad & Estrés, 12, 191-205.
11. Extremera, N., Salguero, J. M. & Fernández-Berrocal, P. (2011). Trait meta-mood and subjective happiness: A 7-week prospective study. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12, 509-517.
12. Fernández-Berrocal, P. & Extremera, N. (2006). Emotional intelligence and emotional reactivity and recovery in laboratory context. Psicothema, 18, 72-78.
13. Fernández-Berrocal, P. & Extremera, N. (2008). A review of trait meta-mood research. International Journal of Psychology Research, 2, 39-67.
14. Fernández-Berrocal, P., Extremera, N. & Ramos, N. (2004). Validity and reliability of the Spanish modified version of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Psychological Reports, 94, 47-59.
15. Finch, J. F. & West, S. G. (1997). The investigation of personality structure: Statistical models. Journal of Research in Personality, 31, 439-485.
16. Floyd, F. J. & Widaman, K. F. (1995). Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment, 7, 248-260.
17. Gohm, C.L. (2003). Mood regulation and emotional intelligence: Individual differences. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 84, 594-607.
18. Gohm, C.L. & Clore, G.L. (2002). Four latent traits of emotional experience and their involvement in attribution style, coping and well-being. Cognition & Emotion, 16, 495-518.
19. Hemenover, S.C., Augustine, A.A., Shulman, T., Tran, T.Q. & Barlett, C.P. (2008). Individual differences in negative affect repair. Emotion, 8, 468-478.
20. Hervás, G. & Vázquez, C. (2006). Exploring the emotional precursors of ruminative styles: The role of emotional complexity and emotional intelligence. Ansiedad & Estrés, 12, 279-292.
21. Hervás, G. & Vázquez, C. (2011). What else do you feel when you feel sad? Emotional overproduction, neuroticism and rumination. Emotion, 11, 881-895.
22. Jöreskog, K. G. & Sörbom, D. (1993). LISREL 8 user's reference guide. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International.
23. Kelloway, E. K. (1998). Using Lisrel for structural equation modeling: A researchers' guide. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International.
24. Kennedy, L.A., Cohen, T.R., Panter, A.T., Devellis, B.M., Yamanis, T.J., Jordan, J.M. & Devellis, R.F. (2010). Buffering against the emotional impact of pain: Mood clarity reduces depressive symptoms in older adults. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29, 975-987.
25. Lam, D., Smith, N., Checkley, S., Rijsdijk, F. & Sham, P. (2003). Effect of neuroticism, response style and information processing on depression severity in a clinically depressed sample. Psychological Medicine, 33, 469-479.
26. Lizeretti, N.P. & Extremera, N. (2011). Emotional intelligence and clinical symptoms in outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Psychiatric Quarterly, 82, 253-260.
27. Lyubomirsky, S., Kasri, F., Chang, O. & Chung, I. (2006). Ruminative response styles and delay of seeking diagnosis for breast cancer symptoms. Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology, 25, 276-304.
28. Lyubomirsky, S. & Tkach, C. (2004). The consequences of dysphoric rumination. In C. Papageorgiou & A. Wells (Eds.), Depressive rumination: Nature, theory, and treatment (pp. 21-42). New York: Wiley.
29. Martin, L. L. & Tesser, A. (1996). Some ruminative thoughts. In R.S. Wyer Jr. (Ed.), Ruminative thoughts (pp. 1-47). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
30. Martínez-Pons, M. (1997). The relation of emotional intelligence with selected areas of personal functioning. Imagination, Cognition & Personality, 17, 3-13.
31. Mayer, J. D. & Gaschke, Y. N. (1988). The experience and meta-experience of mood. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 55, 102-111.
32. Mayer, J. D. & Stevens, A. (1994). An emerging understanding of the reflective (meta) experience of mood. Journal of Research in Personality, 28, 351-373.
33. Mor, N. & Winquist, J. (2002). Self-focused attention and negative affect: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 638-662.
34. Nolan, S.A., Roberts, J. E. & Gotlib, I. H. (1998). Neuroticism and ruminative response style as predictors of change in depressive symptomatology. Cognitive Therapy & Research, 22, 445-455.
35. Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1991). Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 569-582.
36. Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1998). Ruminative coping with depression. In J. Heckhausen & C. S. Dweck (Eds.), Motivation and self-regulation across the life span (pp. 237-256). New York: Cambridge University Press.
37. Nolen-Hoeksema, S. & Davis, C .G. (1999). "Thanks for sharing that": Ruminators and their social support networks. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 77, 801-814.
38. Nolen-Hoeksema, S. & Harrell, Z. A. (2002). Rumination, depression, and alcohol use: Tests of gender differences. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 16, 391-403.
39. Nolen-Hoeksema, S. & Morrow, J. (1991). A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster: The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 61, 115-121.
40. Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Parker, L. & Larson, J. (1994). Ruminative coping with depressed mood following loss. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 92-104.
41. Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B.E. & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5, 400-424.
42. Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wolfson, A., Mumme, D. & Guskin, K. (1995). Helplessness in children of depressed and nondepressed mothers. Developmental Psychology, 31, 377-387.
43. Palmer, B., Gignac, G., Bates, T. & Stough, C. (2003). Examining the structure of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Australian Journal of Psychology, 55, 154-159.
44. Papageorgiou, C. & Wells, A. (2003). An empirical test of a clinical metacognitive model of rumination and depression. Cognitive Therapy & Research, 27, 261-273.
45. Ramos, N., Fernández-Berrocal, P. & Extremera, N. (2007). Perceived emotional intelligence facilitates cognitive-emotional processes of adaptation to an acute stressor. Cognition & Emotion, 21, 758-772.
46. Robinson, L.A. & Alloy, L.B. (2003). Negative cognitive styles and stress-reactive rumination interact to predict depression: A prospective study. Cognitive Therapy & Research, 27, 275-292.
47. Salguero, J.M., Fernández-Berrocal, P., Balluerka, N. & Aritzeta, A. (2010). Measuring perceived emotional intelligence in the adolescent population: Psychometric properties of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Social Behavior and Personality, 38, 1197-1210.
48. Salguero, J.M. & Iruarrizaga, I. (2006). Relationship between perceived emotional intelligence and negative emotionality: Anxiety, anger and sadness/depression. Ansiedad & Estrés, 12, 207-221.
49. Salguero, J.M., Palomera, R. & Fernández-Berrocal, P. (2011). Perceived emotional intelligence as predictor of psychological adjustment in adolescents: A 1-year prospective study. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 27, 21-34.
50. Salguero, J.M., Ruíz, D., Fernández-Berrocal, P. & González-Ordi, H. (2008). Emotional intelligence and suggestibility: Effects on anxiety in female undergraduates. Ansiedad & Estrés, 14, 143-158.
51. Salovey, P., Bedell, B.T., Detweiler, J.B. & Mayer, J.D. (1999). Coping intelligently: Emotional intelligence and the coping process. In C. R. Snyder (ed.), Coping: The psychology of what works (pp. 141-164). New York: Oxford University Press.
52. Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., Goldman, S. L., Turvey, C. & Palfai, T. P. (1995). Emotional attention, clarity, and repair: Exploring emotional intelligence using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. In J. W. Pennebaker (Ed.), Emotion, disclosure, and health (pp. 125-154). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
53. Salovey, P., Stroud, L.R., Woolery, A. & Epel, E. P. (2002). Perceived emotional intelligence, stress reactivity, and symptoms reports: Further explorations using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Psychology & Health, 17, 611-627.
54. Sanz, J. & Vazquez, C. (1998). Reliability, validity, and normative data of the Beck Depression Inventory. Psicothema, 10, 303-318.
55. Smith, J. M. & Alloy, L. B. (2009). A roadmap to rumination: A review of the definition, assessment, and conceptualization of this multifaceted construct. Clinical Psychology Review, 29, 116-128.
56. Spasojevic, J. & Alloy, L.B. (2001). Rumination as a common mechanism relating depressive risk to depression. Emotion, 1, 25-37.
57. Swinkels, A. & Giuliano, T. A. (1995). The measurement and conceptualization of mood awareness: Monitoring and labeling one's mood states. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, 934-949.
58. Teasdale, J. D. (1988). Cognitive vulnerability to persistent depression. Cognition & Emotion, 2, 247-274.
59. Thayer, J. F., Rossy, L. A., Ruiz-Padial, E. & Johnsen, B. H. (2003). Gender differences in the relationship between emotional regulation and depressive symptoms. Cognitive Therapy & Research, 27, 349-364.
60. Wells, A. (2009). Metacognitive therapy for anxiety and depression. New York: Guilford Press.