Estimation of the paleoflux of terrestrial-derived solids across ancient basin margins using the stratigraphic record

Bulletin of the Geological Society of America

Volumn 125, Issue 3-4, 2013, Pages 578-593

  Petter, Andrew L ^a,c   Steel, Ronald J ^a   Mohrig, David ^a   Kim, Wonsuck ^a   Carvajal, Cristian ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

^b CHEVRON ENERGY TECHNOLOGY COMPANY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE; CONTINENTAL MARGIN; GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE; LIMITED DATA SETS; PARTICULATE ORGANIC CARBON; STRATIGRAPHIC RECORDS; THEORETICAL MODELS; THREE-DIMENSIONAL VOLUME;

DEPOSITION; ESTIMATION; SEDIMENTOLOGY; STRATIGRAPHY;

SEDIMENTS;

ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; COASTAL SEDIMENT; CONTINENTAL MARGIN; DEPOSITION; ESTIMATION METHOD; FORWARD MODELING; PROGRADATION; SEA LEVEL CHANGE; SEDIMENT BUDGET; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SHELF DYNAMICS; SUBSIDENCE; THEORETICAL STUDY; THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING; TWO-DIMENSIONAL MODELING;

EID: 84875116780     PISSN: 00167606     EISSN: 19432674     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1130/B30603.1     Document Type: Article

References (119)

1. Adams, E.W., and Schlager, W., 2000, Basic types of submarine slope curvature: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 70, p. 814-828, doi:10.1306/2DC4093A-0E47-11D7 -8643000102C1865D.
2. Adams, E.W., Schlager, W., and Wattel, E., 1998, Submarine slopes with an exponential curvature: Sedimentary Geology, v. 117, p. 135-141, doi:10.1016/S0037 -0738(98)00044-X.
3. Angevine, C.L., Heller, P.L., and Paola, C., 1990, Quantitative Sedimentary Basin Modeling: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Continuing Education Course Note Series 32, 133 p.
4. Asquith, D.O., 1970, Depositional topography and major marine environments, Late Cretaceous, Wyoming: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 54, p. 1184-1224.
5. Berner, R.A., 1982, Burial of organic carbon and pyrite sulfur in the modern ocean: Its geochemical and environmental significance: American Journal of Science, v. 282, p. 451-473, doi:10.2475/ajs.282.4.451.
6. Berner, R.A., Lasaga, A.C., and Garrels, R.M., 1983, The carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle and its effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 100 million years: American Journal of Science, v. 283, p. 641- 683, doi:10.2475/ajs.283.7.641.
7. Boyd, R., Ruming, K., Goodwin, I., Sandstrom, M., and Schroder-Adams, C., 2008, Highstand transport of coastal sand to the deep ocean: A case study from Fraser Island, southeast Australia: Geology, v. 36, p. 15- 18, doi:10.1130/G24211A.1.
8. Broecker, W.S., Turekian, K.K., and Heezen, B.C., 1958, The relation of deep sea sedimentation rates to variations in climate: American Journal of Science, v. 256, p. 503-517, doi:10.2475/ajs.256.7.503.
9. Burbank, D.W., Derry, L.A., and France-Lanord, C., 1993, Reduced Himalayan sediment production 8 Myr ago despite an intensified monsoon: Nature, v. 364, p. 48- 50, doi:10.1038/364048a0.
10. Burchfiel, B.C., and Davis, G.A., 1972, Structural framework and evolution of the southern part of the Cordilleran orogen, Western United States: American Journal of Science, v. 272, p. 97-118, doi:10.2475/ajs.272.2.97.
11. Burgess, P.M., and Hovius, N., 1998, Rates of delta progradation during highstands: Consequences for timing of deposition in deep-marine systems: Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 155, p. 217-222, doi:10.1144/gsjgs.155.2.0217.
12. Burgess, P.M., Steel, R.J., and Granjeon, D., 2008, Stratigraphic forward modeling of basin-margin clinoform systems: Implications for controls on topset and shelf width and timing of formation of shelf-edge deltas, in Hampson, G.J., Steel, R.J., Burgess, P.M., and Dalrymple, R.W., eds., Recent Advances in Models of Siliciclastic Shallow-Marine Stratigraphy: Society for Sedimentary Geology Special Publication 90, p. 35-45.
13. Carvajal, C.R., and Steel, R.J., 2006, Thick turbidite successions from supply-dominated shelves during sea-level highstand: Geology, v. 34, p. 665-668, doi:10.1130/G22505.1.
14. Carvajal, C., and Steel, R., 2012, Source-to-sink sediment volumes within a tectono-stratigraphic model for a Laramide shelf-to-deep-water basin: Methods and results, in Busby, C., and Pérez, A.A., eds., Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins: Recent Advances: Chichester, UK, JognWiley & Sons, p. 131-151, doi: 10.1002/9781444347166.
15. Carvajal, C., Steel, R., and Petter, A., 2009, Sediment supply: The main driver of shelf-margin growth: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 96, p. 221-248, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.06.008.
16. Clift, P., 2006, Controls on the erosion of Cenozoic Asia and the flux of clastic sediment to the ocean: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 241, p. 571-580, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.028.
17. Clift, P., and Gaedicke, C., 2002, Accelerated mass flux to the Arabian Sea during the middle to late Miocene: Geology, v. 30, p. 207-210, doi:10.1 130/0091-7613(2002)030<0207:AMFTTA>2.0.CO;2.
18. Coakley, B.J., and Watts, A.B., 1991, Tectonic controls on the development of unconformities: The North Slope, Alaska: Tectonics, v. 10, p. 101-130, doi:10.1029/90TC01982.
19. Coney, P.J., Jones, D.L., and Monger, J.W.H., 1980, Cordilleran suspect terranes: Nature, v. 288, p. 329-333, doi:10.1038/288329a0.
20. Covault, J.A., Romans, B.W., Graham, S.A., Fildani, A., and Hilley, G.E., 2011, Terrestrial source to deep-sea sink sediment budgets at high and low sea levels: Insights from tectonically active Southern California: Geology, v. 39, p. 619-622, doi:10.1130/G31801.1.
21. Cross, T.A., and Lessenger, M.A., 1995, Sediment volume partitioning: Rationale for stratigraphic model evaluation and high-resolution stratigraphic correlation, in Gradstein, F.M., Sandvik, K.O., and Milton, N.J., eds., Sequence Stratigraphy-Concepts and Applications: Norwegian Petroleum Society (NPF) Special Publication 8, p. 171-195.
22. Curray, J.R., 1965, Late Quaternary history, continental shelves of the United States, in Wright Jr., H.E., and Frey, D.G., eds., The Quaternary of the United States; a Review Volume for the VII Congress of the International Association for Quaternary Research: Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University Press, p. 723-735.
23. DeCelles, P.G., 2004, Late Jurassic to Eocene evolution of the Cordilleran thrust belt and foreland basin system, western U.S.A.: American Journal of Science, v. 304, p. 105-168, doi:10.2475/ajs.304.2.105.
24. Deibert, J.E., Benda, T., Loseth, T., Schellpeper, M., and Steel, R.J., 2003, Eocene clinoform growth in front of a storm-wave-dominated shelf, Central Basin, Spitsbergen: No significant sand delivery to deepwater areas: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 73, p. 546-558, doi:10.1306/011703730546.
25. Dorsey, R.J., 2010, Sedimentation and crustal recycling along an active oblique-rift margin: Salton Trough and northern Gulf of California: Geology, v. 38, p. 443- 446, doi:10.1130/G30698.1.
26. Droz, L., and Mougenot, D., 1987, Mozambique upper fan: Origin of depositional units: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 71, p. 1355-1365.
27. Edgar, N.T., and Cecil, C.B., 2003, Influence of climate on deepwater clastic sedimentation: Application of a modern model, Peru-Chile Trough, to an ancient system, Ouachita Trough, in Cecil, C.B., and Edgar, N.T., eds., Climate Controls on Stratigraphy: Society for Sedimentary Geology Special Publication 77, p. 185-191.
28. Flemings, P.B., and Grotzinger, J.P., 1996, STRATA: Freeware for analyzing classic stratigraphic problems: GSA Today, v. 6, no. 12, p. 1-7.
29. Galloway, W.E., 1989, Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysis: I. Architecture and genesis of flooding-surface bounded depositional units: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 73, p. 125-142.
30. Galloway, W.E., 2001, Cenozoic evolution of sediment accumulation in deltaic and shore-zone depositional systems: Northern Gulf of Mexico Basin: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 18, p. 1031-1040.
31. Galloway, W.E., and Williams, T.A., 1991, Sediment accumulation rates in time and space: Paleogene genetic stratigraphic sequences in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico basin: Geology, v. 19, p. 986-989, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0986:SARITA>2.3.CO;2.
32. Galloway, W.E., Dingus, W.F., and Paige, R.E., 1991, Seismic and depositional facies of Paleocene-Eocene Wilcox Group submarine canyon fills, northwest Gulf Coast, U.S.A., in Weimer, P., and Link, M.H., eds., Seismic Facies and Sedimentary Processes of Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems: New York, Springer-Verlag, p. 247-271.
33. Goodbred, S.L., and Kuehl, S.A., 2000, Enormous Ganges-Brahmaputra sediment discharge during strengthened early Holocene monsoon: Geology, v. 28, p. 1083-1086, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<1083:EGSDDS>2.0.CO;2.
34. Guillocheau, F., Rouby, D., Robin, C., Helm, C., Rolland, N., Le Carlier de Veslud, C., and Braun, J., 2011, Quantifi-cation and causes of the terrigenous sediment budget at the scale of a continental margin: A new method applied to the Namibia-South Africa margin: Basin Research, v. 24, p. 3-30, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2117.2011.00511.x.
35. Hay, W.W., Sloan, J.L., and Wold, C.N., 1988, Mass/age distribution and composition of sediments on the ocean floor and the global rate of sediment subduction: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 93, p. 14,933-14,940, doi:10.1029/JB093iB12p14933.
36. Hedges, J.I., and Mann, D.C., 1979, The lignin geochemistry of marine sediments from the southern Washington coast: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 43, p. 1809-1818, doi:10.1016/0016-7037(79)90029-2.
37. Hedges, J.I., and Parker, P.L., 1976, Land-derived organic matter in surface sediments from the Gulf of Mexico: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 40, p. 1019- 1029, doi:10.1016/0016-7037(76)90044-2.
38. Hovius, N., 1998, Controls on sediment supply by large rivers, in Shanley, K.W., and McCabe, P.J., eds., Relative Role of Eustasy, Climate, and Tectonism in Continental Rocks: Society for Sedimentary Petrology Special Publication 59, p. 3-16.
39. Hovius, N., and Leeder, M., 1998, Clastic sediment supply to basins: Basin Research, v. 10, p. 1-5, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2117.1998.00061.x.
40. Imran, J., and Syvitski, J.P.M., 2000, Impact of extreme river events on the coastal ocean: Oceanography (Washington, D.C.), v. 13, p. 85-92, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2000.17.
41. Jerolmack, D.J., and Sadler, P., 2007, Transience and persistence in the depositional record of continental margins: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 112, F03S13, doi:10.1029/2006JF000555.
42. Jervey, M.T., 1988, Quantitative geological modeling of siliciclastic rock sequences and their seismic expression, in Wilgus, C.K., Hastings, B.S., Posamentier, H., Van Wagoner, J., Ross, C.A., and Kendall, C.G.St.C., eds., Sea-Level Changes: An Integrated Approach: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication 42, p. 48-69.
43. Judson, S., and Ritter, D.F., 1964, Rates of regional denudation in the U.S.: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 69, p. 3395-3401, doi:10.1029/JZ069i016p03395.
44. Kaba, C., 2004, Reconstructing Long-Term Sediment Flux from the Brooks Range, Alaska, Using Shelf Edge Clinoforms [M.S. thesis]: Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 75 p.
45. Kertznus, V., and Kneller, B., 2009, Clinoform quantification for assessing the effects of external forcing on continental margin development: Basin Research, v. 21, p. 738-758, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2117.2009.00411.x.
46. Kim, W., Paola, C., Voller, V.R., and Swenson, J.B., 2006, Experimental measurement of the relative importance of controls on shoreline migration: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 76, p. 270-283, doi:10.2110/jsr.2006.019.
47. Kolla, V., Kostecki, J.A., Henderson, L., and Hess, L., 1980, Morphology and Quaternary sedimentation of the Mozambique Fan and environs, southwestern Indian Ocean: Sedimentology, v. 27, p. 357-378, doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1980.tb01188.x.
48. Kuehl, S.A., DeMaster, D.J., and Nittrouer, C.A., 1986, Nature of sediment accumulation on the Amazon continental shelf: Continental Shelf Research, v. 6, p. 209- 225, doi:10.1016/0278-4343(86)90061-0.
49. Kuehl, S.A., Hariu, T.M., and Moore, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges-Brahmaputra river system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132-1135, doi:10.1130/0091 -7613(1989)017<1132:SSOTGB>2.3.CO;2.
50. Langbein, W.B., and Schumm, S.A., 1958, Yield of sediment in relation to mean annual precipitation: Eos (Transactions, American Geophysical Union), v. 39, p. 1076-1084.
51. Leeder, M.R., Harris, T., and Kirkby, M.J., 1998, Sediment supply and climate change: Implications for basin stratigraphy: Basin Research, v. 10, p. 7-18, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2117.1998.00054.x.
52. Litchfield, N., Berryman, K., Brackley, H., Carter, L., Marden, M., Page, M., and Trustrum, N., 2008, The Waipaoa Sedimentary System: Research review and future directions, in Schmidt, J., Cochrane, T., Phillips, C., Elliott, S., Davies, T., and Basher, L., eds., Sediment Dynamics in Changing Environments: International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) Publication 325, p. 408-416.
53. Liu, X., and Galloway, W.E., 1997, Quantitative determination of Tertiary sediment supply to the North Sea basin: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 81, p. 1482-1509.
54. McCave, I.N., and Swift, S.A., 1976, A physical model for the rate of deposition of fine-grained sediments in the deep sea: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 87, p. 541-546, doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<541: APMFTR>2.0.CO;2.
55. McMillen, K.J., 1991, Seismic stratigraphy of Lower Cretaceous foreland basin submarine fans in the North Slope, Alaska, in Weimer, P., and Link, M.H., eds., Seismic Facies and Sedimentary Processes of Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems: New York, Springer-Verlag, p. 289-302.
56. Métivier, F., 2002, On the use of sedimentation rates in deciphering global change: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 29, doi:10.1029/2002GL015261.
57. Métivier, F., Gaudemer, Y., Tapponnier, P., and Klein, M., 1999, Mass accumulation rates in Asia during the Cenozoic: Geophysical Journal International, v. 137, p. 280-318, doi:10.1046/j.1365-246X.1999.00802.x.
58. Milliman, J.D., and Meade, R.H., 1983, World-wide delivery of river sediment to the oceans: The Journal of Geology, v. 91, p. 1-21, doi:10.1086/628741.
59. Milliman, J.D., and Syvitski, J.P.M., 1992, Geomorphic/ tectonic control of sediment discharge to the ocean: The importance of small mountainous rivers: The Journal of Geology, v. 100, p. 525-544, doi:10.1086/629606.
60. Molnar, P., 2004, Late Cenozoic increase in accumulation rates of terrestrial sediment: How might climate change have affected erosion rates?: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 32, p. 67-89, doi:10.1146/ annurev.earth.32.091003.143456.
61. Muto, T., and Steel, R.J., 2000, The accommodation concept in sequence stratigraphy: Some dimensional problems and possible redefinition: Sedimentary Geology, v. 130, p. 1-10, doi:10.1016/S0037-0738(99)00107-4.
62. Muto, T., and Steel, R.J., 2002, In defense of shelf-edge delta development during falling and lowstand of relative sea level: The Journal of Geology, v. 110, p. 421- 436, doi:10.1086/340631.
63. Muto, T., Steel, R.J., and Swenson, J.B., 2007, Autostratigraphy: A framework norm for genetic stratigraphy: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 77, p. 2-12, doi:10.2110/jsr.2007.005.
64. Nelson, P.H., and Kibler, J.E., 2003, A Catalog of Porosity and Permeability from Core Plugs in Siliciclastic Rocks: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-420, 7 p.
65. Niedoroda, A.W., Reed, C.W., Swift, D.J.P., Arato, H., and Hoyanagi, K., 1995, Modeling shore-normal largescale coastal evolution: Marine Geology, v. 126, p. 181-199, doi:10.1016/0025-3227(95)98961-7.
66. Nittrouer, C.A., 1999, STRATAFORM: Overview of its design and synthesis of its results: Marine Geology, v. 154, p. 3-12, doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00128-5.
67. Olariu, C., and Steel, R.J., 2009, Influence of point-source sediment-supply on modern shelf-slope morphology: Implications for interpretation of ancient shelf margins: Basin Research, v. 21, p. 484-501, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2117.2009.00420.x.
68. Paola, C., 2000, Quantitative models of sedimentary basin filling: Sedimentology, v. 47, supplement 1, p. 121- 178, doi:10.1046/j.1365-3091.2000.00006.x.
69. Paola, C., and Voller, V.R., 2005, A generalized Exner equation for sediment mass balance: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 110, F04014, doi:10.1029/2004JF000274.
70. Pazzaglia, F.J., and Brandon, M.T., 1996, Macrogeomorphic evolution of the post-Triassic Appalachian Mountains determined by deconvolution of the offshore basin sedimentary record: Basin Research, v. 8, p. 255-278, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2117.1996.00274.x.
71. Pinet, P., and Souriau, M., 1988, Continental erosion and large-scale relief: Tectonics, v. 7, p. 563-582, doi:10.1029/TC007i003p00563.
72. Pirmez, C., Pratson, L.F., and Steckler, M.S., 1998, Clinoform development by advection-diffusion of suspended sediment: Modeling and comparison to natural systems: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 103, no.B10, p. 24,141-24157, doi:10.1029/98JB01516.
73. Pitman, W.C., 1978, Relationship between eustasy and stratigraphic sequences of passive margins: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 89, p. 1389-1403, doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89<1389:RBEASS>2.0.CO;2.
74. Plint, A.G., Tyagi, A., Hay, M.J., Vargan, B.L., Zhang, H., and Roca, X., 2009, Clinoforms, paleobathymetry, and mud dispersal across the Western Canada Cretaceous foreland basin: Evidence from the Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation and contiguous strata: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 79, p. 144-161, doi:10.2110/ jsr.2009.020.
75. Poag, C.W., and Sevon, W.D., 1989, A record of Appalachian denudation in postrift Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary deposits of the U.S. Middle Atlantic continental margin: Geomorphology, v. 2, p. 119-157, doi:10.1016/0169-555X(89)90009-3.
76. Pore{ogonek}bski, S.J., and Steel, R.J., 2003, Shelf-margin deltas: Their stratigraphic significance and relation to deepwater sands: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 62, p. 283-326, doi:10.1016/S0012-8252(02)00161-7.
77. Prather, B.E., 2000, Calibration and visualization of depositional process models for above-grade slopes: A case study from the Gulf of Mexico: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 17, p. 619-638, doi:10.1016/ S0264-8172(00)00015-5.
78. Prather, B.E., 2003, Controls on reservoir distribution, architecture and stratigraphic trapping in slope settings: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 20, p. 529-545, doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2003.03.009.
79. Pyles, D., and Slatt, R., 2000, A high-frequency sequence stratigraphic framework for shallow through deep-water deposits of the Lewis Shale and Fox Hills Sandstone, Great Divide and Washakie Basins, in, Weimer, P., Slatt, R.M., Coleman, J., Rosen, N.C., Bouma, H.C., Styzen, M.J., and Lawrence, D.T., eds., Deep-Water Reservoirs of the World (CD-ROM): Houston, Texas, Gulf Coast Section Society for Sedimentary Geology (GCSSEPM) 20th Annual Research Conference, p. 836-861.
80. Rea, D.K., 1992, Delivery of Himalayan sediment to northern Indian Ocean and its relation to global climate, sea level, uplift and seawater strontium, in Duncan, R.A., Rea, D.K., Kidd, R.B., von Rad, U., and Weissel, J.K., eds., Synthesis of Results from Scientific Drilling in the Indian Ocean: American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 70, p. 387-402.
81. Reynolds, D.J., Steckler, M.S., and Coakley, B.J., 1991, The role of sediment load in sequence stratigraphy: The influence of flexural isostasy and compaction: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, p. 6931-6949, doi:10.1029/90JB01914.
82. Rich, J.L., 1951, Three critical environments of deposition and criteria for recognition of rocks deposited in each of them: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 62, p. 1-20, doi:10.1130/0016-t7606(1951)62[1:TCEODA]2.0.CO;2.
83. Robinson, R.A.J., and Slingerland, R.L., 1998, Grain-size trends, basin subsidence and sediment supply in the Campanian Castlegate Sandstone and equivalent conglomerates of central Utah: Basin Research, v. 10, p. 109-127, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2117.1998.00062.x.
84. Romans, B.W., Normark, W.R., McGann, M.M., Covault, J.A., and Graham, S.A., 2009, Coarse-grained sediment delivery and distribution in the Holocene Santa Monica Basin, California: Implications for evaluating source-to-sink flux at millennial timescales: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 121, p. 1394-1408, doi:10.1130/B26393.1.
85. Ross, W.C., Halliwell, B.A., May, J.A., Watts, D.E., and Syvitski, J.P.M., 1994, Slope readjustment: A new model for the development of submarine fans and aprons: Geology, v. 22, p. 511-514, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0511:SR ANMF>2.3.CO;2.
86. Sadler, P.M., 1981, Sediment accumulation rates and the completeness of stratigraphic sections: The Journal of Geology, v. 89, p. 569-584, doi:10.1086/628623.
87. Salman, G., and Abdula, I., 1995, Development of the Mozambique and Ruvuma sedimentary basins, offshore Mozambique: Sedimentary Geology, v. 96, p. 7-41, doi:10.1016/0037-0738(95)00125-R.
88. Sarmiento, J.L., and Sundquist, E.T., 1992, Revised budget for the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide: Nature, v. 356, p. 589-593, doi:10.1038/356589a0.
89. Schlager, W., 1993, Accommodation and supply-A dual control on stratigraphic sequences: Sedimentary Geology, v. 86, p. 111-136, doi:10.1016/0037-0738(93)90136-S.
90. Scholl, D.W., Vallier, T.L., and Stevenson, A.J., 1986, Terrane accretion, production, and continental growth: A perspective based on the origin and tectonic fate of the Aleutian- Bering Sea region: Geology, v. 14, p. 43-47, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1986)14<43:TAPACG>2.0.CO;2.
91. Schumm, S.A., and Hadley, R.F., 1961, Progress in the Application of Landform Analysis in Studies of Semiarid Erosion: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 437, 14 p.
92. Sclater, J.G., and Christie, P.A.F., 1980, Continental stretching: An explanation of the post-Mid-Cretaceous subsidence of the central North Sea Basin: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 85, no. B7, p. 3711-3739, doi:10.1029/JB085iB07p03711.
93. Simons, D.B., Richardson, E.V., and Nordin, C.F., 1965, Bedload Equation for Ripples and Dunes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 462-H, 9 p.
94. Sloss, L.L., 1962, Stratigraphic models in exploration: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 32, p. 415-422.
95. Sømme, T.O., Helland-Hansen, W., and Granjeon, D., 2009a, Impact of eustatic amplitude variations on shelf morphology, sediment dispersal, and sequence stratigraphic interpretation: Icehouse versus greenhouse systems: Geology, v. 37, p. 587-590, doi:10.1130/G25511A.1.
96. Sømme, T.O., Helland-Hansen, W., Martinsen, O.J., and Thurmond, J.B., 2009b, Relationships between morphological and sedimentological parameters in source-to-sink systems: A basis for predicting semi-quantitative characteristics in subsurface systems: Basin Research, v. 21, p. 361-387, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2117.2009.00397.x.
97. Sømme, T.O., Piper, D.J.W., Deptuck, M.E., and Helland-Hansen, W., 2011, Linking onshore-offshore sediment dispersal in the Golo source-to-sink system (Corsica, France) during the late Quaternary: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 81, p. 118-137.
98. Steckler, M.S., Mountain, G.S., Miller, K.G., and Christie-Blick, N., 1999, Reconstruction of Tertiary progradation and clinoform development on the New Jersey passive margin by 2-D backstripping: Marine Geology, v. 154, p. 399-420.
99. Steel, R.J., and Olsen, T., 2002, Clinoforms, clinoform trajectories and deepwater sands, in Armentrout, J.M., and Rosen, N.C., eds., Sequence Stratigraphic Models for Exploration and Production: Evolving Methodology, Emerging Models and Application Histories: Proceedings of the Gulf Coast Section Society for Sedimentary Geology (GCSSEPM) 22nd Research Conference: Society for Sedimentary Geology, Houston, Texas, p. 367-381.
100. Steel, R.J., Carvajal, C., Petter, A., and Uroza, C., 2008, Shelf and shelf-margin growth in scenarios of rising and falling sea level, in Hampson, G.J., Steel, R.J., Burgess, P.M., and Dalrymple, R.W., eds., Recent Advances in Models of Siliciclastic Shallow-Marine Stratigraphy: Society for Sedimentary Geology Special Publication 90, p. 47-71.
101. Strong, N., Sheets, B., Hickson, T., and Paola, C., 2005, A mass-balance framework for quantifying downstream changes in fluvial architecture, in Blum, M.D., Marriott, S.B., and Leclair, S.F., eds., Fluvial Sedimentology VII: International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication 35, p. 243-253.
102. Summerfield, M.A., and Hulton, N.J., 1994, Natural controls of fluvial denudation rates in major world drainage basins: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 99, p. 13,871-13,883, doi:10.1029/94JB00715.
103. Sundquist, E.T., and Visser, K., 2004, The geologic history of the carbon cycle, in Schlesinger, W.H., ed., Biogeochemistry, Volume 8, Treatise on Geochemistry (Holland, H.D., and Turekian, K.K., eds.): Oxford, U.K., Elsevier-Pergamon, p. 425-472.
104. Swift, D.J.P., and Thorne, J.A., 1991, Sedimentation on continental margins: I. A general model for shelf sedimentation, in Swift, D.J.P., Oertel, G.F., Tillman, R.W., and Thorne, J.A., eds., Shelf Sand and Sandstone Bodies: International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication 14, p. 3-31.
105. Syvitski, J.P.M., Peckham, S.D., Hilberman, R., and Mulder, T., 2003, Predicting the terrestrial flux of sediment to the global ocean: A planetary perspective: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 5-24, doi:10.1016/ S0037-0738(03)00232-X.
106. Syvitski, J.P.M., Weaver, P.P.E., Berné, S., Nittrouer, C.A., Trincardi, F., and Canals, M., 2004, Introduction to this special issue on strata formation on European margins: A tribute to EU-NA cooperation in marine geology: Oceanography (Washington, D.C.), v. 17, p. 14-15, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2004.18.
107. Tucker, G.E., and Slingerland, R., 1996, Predicting sediment flux from fold and thrust belts: Basin Research, v. 8, p. 329-349, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2117.1996.00238.x.
108. Urey, H.C., 1952, The Planets-Their Origins and Development: New Haven, Connecticut, Yale University Press, 245 p.
109. Vail, P.R., 1987, Seismic stratigraphy interpretation using sequence stratigraphy: Part 1: Seismic stratigraphy interpretation procedure, in Bally, A.W., ed., Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy, Volume 1: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Studies in Geology 27, p. 1-10.
110. Van Hinte, J.E., 1978, Geohistory analysis-Application to micropaleontology in exploration geology: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 62, p. 201-222.
111. Walford, H.L., White, N.J., and Sydow, J.C., 2005, Solid sediment load history of the Zambezi Delta: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 238, p. 49-63, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.07.014.
112. Walsh, J.P., and Nittrouer, C.A., 2003, Contrasting styles of off-shelf sediment accumulation in New Guinea: Marine Geology, v. 196, p. 105-125, doi:10.1016/ S0025-3227(03)00069-0.
113. Weimer, P., and Link, M.H., 1991, Global petroleum occurrences in submarine fans and turbidite systems, in Weimer, P., and Link, M.H., eds., Seismic Facies and Sedimentary Processes of Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems: New York, Springer-Verlag, p. 9-70.
114. Weltje, G.J., Meijer, X.D., and de Boer, P.L., 1998, Stratigraphic inversion of siliciclastic basin fills: A note on the distinction between supply signals resulting from tectonic and climatic forcing: Basin Research, v. 10, p. 129-153, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2117.1998.00057.x.
115. Wetzel, A., 1993, The transfer of river load to deep-sea fans: A quantitative approach: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 77, p. 1679-1692.
116. Wilson, L., 1973, Variations in mean annual sediment yield as a function of mean annual precipitation: American Journal of Science, v. 273, p. 335-349, doi:10.2475/ajs.273.4.335.
117. Wold, C.N., and Hay, W.W., 1990, Estimating ancient sediment fluxes: American Journal of Science, v. 290, p. 1069-1089, doi:10.2475/ajs.290.9.1069.
118. Wolinsky, M.A., Swenson, J.B., Litchfield, N., and Mc-Ninch, J.E., 2010, Coastal progradation and sediment partitioning in the Holocene Waipaoa sedimentary system, New Zealand: Marine Geology, v. 270, p. 94-107, doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2009.10.021.
119. Xie, X., and Heller, P.L., 2009, Plate tectonics and basin subsidence history: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 121, p. 55-64 doi:10.1130/B26398.1.