Risk prediction of very early recurrence, death and progression after acute ischaemic stroke

European Journal of Neurology

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 599-604

  Maier, I L ^a   Bauerle, M ^b   Kermer, P ^a,c   Helms, H J ^a   Buettner, T ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GÖTTINGEN   (Germany)

^b Klinikum Emden   (Germany)

^c Nordwest Krankenhaus Sanderbusch   (Germany)

Author keywords

ABCD2; Early recurrence; Essen Stroke Risk Score; Ischaemic stroke; RRE 90

Indexed keywords

ABCD 2 SCORE; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEATH; DISEASE COURSE; ESSEN STROKE RISK SCORE; FEMALE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; RECURRENCE RISK ESTIMATOR AT 90; RECURRENT DISEASE; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCORING SYSTEM;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AMNESIA, TRANSIENT GLOBAL; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; DATA INTERPRETATION, STATISTICAL; DISEASE PROGRESSION; ENDPOINT DETERMINATION; FEMALE; GERMANY; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROGNOSIS; RECURRENCE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK ASSESSMENT; ROC CURVE; STROKE; THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY;

EID: 84875056014     PISSN: 13515101     EISSN: 14681331     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ene.12037     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Rothwell PM, Coull AJ, Silver LE, et al. Population-based study of event-rate, incidence, case fatality, and mortality for all acute vascular events in all arterial territories (Oxford Vascular Study). Lancet 2005; 366: 1773-1783.
2. Wolf PA, D'Agostino RB, O'Neal MA, et al. Secular trends in stroke incidence and mortality. The Framingham Study. Stroke 1992; 23: 1551-1555.
3. American Heart Association. Heart and Stroke Facts Statistics. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association, 1997.
4. Saka O, McGuire A, Wolfe C. Cost of stroke in the United Kingdom. Age Ageing 2009; 38: 27-32.
5. Stroke Units Trialists' Collaboration. Organized inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007:CD 000197.
6. Sacco RL, Foulkes MA, Mohr JP, Wolf PA, Hier DB, Price TR. Determinants of Early Recurrence of Cerebral Infarction. The Stroke Data Bank. Stroke. 1989; 20: 983-989.
7. Moroney JT, Bagiella E, Paik MC, Sacco RL, Desmond DW. Risk factors for early recurrence after ischemic stroke: the role of stroke syndrome and subtype. Stroke 1998; 29: 2118-2124.
8. Pendlebury ST, Rothwell PM. Prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with pre-stroke and post-stroke dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol 2009; 8: 1006-1018.
9. CAPRIE Steering Committee A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE). Lancet 1996; 348: 1329-1339.
10. Diener HC, Ringleb PA, Savi P. Clopidogrel for the secondary prevention of stroke. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2005; 6: 755-764.
11. Fitzek S, Leistritz L, Witte OW, Heuschmann PU, Fitzek C. The Essen Stroke Risk Score in one-year follow-up acute ischemic stroke patients. Cerebrovasc Dis 2011; 31: 400-407.
12. Rothwell PM, Giles MF, Flossmann E, et al. A simple score (ABCD) to identify individuals at high early risk of stroke after transient ischaemic attack. Lancet 2005; 366: 29-36.
13. Chandratheva A, Geraghty OC, Rothwell PM. Poor performance of current prognostic scores for early risk of recurrence after minor stroke. Stroke 2011; 42: 632-637.
14. Chandratheva A, Geraghty OC, Luengo-Fernandez R, Rothwell PM. Oxford Vascular Study. ABCD2 score predicts severity rather than risk of early recurrent events after transient ischemic attack. Stroke 2010; 41: 851-856.
15. Ferrari J, Knoflach M, Kiechl S, et al. Early clinical worsening in patients with TIA or minor stroke: the Austrian Stroke Unit Registry. Neurology 2010; 74: 136-141.
16. Ay H, Gungor L, Arsava EM, et al. A score to predict early risk of recurrence after ischemic stroke. Neurology 2010; 74: 128-135.
17. Adams HP Jr, Bendixen BH, Kappelle LJ, et al. Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment. Stroke 1993; 24: 35-41.
18. Weimar C, Diener HC, Alberts MJ, et al. The Essen stroke risk score predicts recurrent cardiovascular events: a validation within the REduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) registry. Stroke 2009; 40: 350-354.
19. Weimar C, Goertler M, Röther J, et al. Predictive value of the Essen Stroke Risk Score and Ankle Brachial Index in acute ischaemic stroke patients from 85 German stroke units. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79: 1339-1343.
20. Weimar C, Goertler M, Röther J, et al. Systemic risk score evaluation in ischemic stroke patients (SCALA): a prospective cross sectional study in 85 German stroke units. J Neurol 2007; 254: 1562-1568.
21. Johnston SC, Rothwell PM, Nguyen-Huynh MN, et al. Validation and refinement of scores to predict very early stroke risk after transient ischaemic attack. Lancet 2007; 369: 283-292.
22. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Management of Patients with Stroke: assessment, investigation, immediate and secondary prevention (SIGN 108). Edinburgh, Scotland: The Network 2008; www.sign.ac.uk/pdf/sign108.pdf. (accessed 10/07/2012).
23. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. TIA and stroke guidelines. 2008. www.nice.org.uk. (accessed 10/07/2012).
24. Koennecke HC, Belz W, Berfelde D, et al. Factors influencing in-hospital mortality and morbidity in patients treated on a stroke unit. Neurology 2011; 77: 965-972.
25. Weimar C, Benemann J, Michalski D, et al. Prediction of recurrent stroke and vascular death in patients with transient ischemic attack or nondisabling stroke: a prospective comparison of validated prognostic scores. Stroke 2010; 41: 487-493.
26. Coutts SB, Hill MD, Campos CR, et al. Recurrent events in transient ischemic attack and minor stroke: what events are happening and to which patients? Stroke 2008; 39: 2461-2466.
27. Weimar C, Benemann J, Huber R, et al. Long-term mortality and risk of stroke after transient ischemic attack: a hospital-based cohort study. J Neurol 2009; 256: 639-644.
28. Burn J, Dennis M, Bamford J, Sandercock P, Wade D, Warlow C. Long-term risk of recurrent stroke after a first-ever stroke. The Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project. Stroke 1994; 25: 333-337.
29. Petty GW, Brown RD Jr, Whisnant JP, Sicks JD, O'Fallon WM, Wiebers DO. Survival and recurrence after first cerebral infarction: a population-based study in Rochester, Minnesota, 1975 through 1989. Neurology 1998; 50: 208-216.
30. Sacco RL, Shi T, Zamanillo MC, Kargman DE. Predictors of mortality and recurrence after hospitalized cerebral infarction in an urban community: the Northern Manhattan Stroke Study. Neurology 1994; 44: 626-634.
31. Hillen T, Coshall C, Tilling K, et al. Cause of stroke recurrence is multifactorial: patterns, risk factors, and outcomes of stroke recurrence in the South London Stroke Register. Stroke 2003; 34: 1457-1463.
32. Hankey GJ, Jamrozik K, Broadhurst RJ, et al. Long-term risk of first recurrent stroke in the Perth Community Stroke Study. Stroke 1998; 29: 2491-2500.
33. Jørgensen HS, Nakayama H, Reith J, Raaschou HO, Olsen TS. Stroke recurrence: predictors, severity, and prognosis. The Copenhagen Stroke Study. Neurology 1997; 48: 891-895.
34. Giles MF, Albers GW, Amarenco P, et al. Early stroke risk and ABCD2 score performance in tissue- vs time-defined TIA: a multicenter study. Neurology 2011; 77: 1222-1228.
35. Johnston SC, Sidney S, Bernstein AL, Gress DR. A comparison of risk factors for recurrent TIA and stroke in patients diagnosed with TIA. Neurology 2003; 60: 280-285.