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1
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84874691725
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Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA
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A. H. Munnell, A. Webb, F. N. Golub-Sass, The national retirement risk index: An update (Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 2012).
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(2012)
The National Retirement Risk Index: An Update
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Munnell, A.H.1
Webb, A.2
Golub-Sass, F.N.3
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2
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84874739890
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Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA
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A. H. Munnell, R. C. Fraenkel, J. Hurwitz, The pension coverage problem in the private sector: An update (Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 2012).
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(2012)
The Pension Coverage Problem in the Private Sector: An Update
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Munnell, A.H.1
Fraenkel, R.C.2
Hurwitz, J.3
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3
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84903035283
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Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, CT
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R. H. Thaler, C. R. Sunstein, Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness (Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, CT, 2008).
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(2008)
Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness
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Thaler, R.H.1
Sunstein, C.R.2
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7
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84874735488
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Vanguard Group, Vanguard, Valley Forge, PA
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Vanguard Group, How America Saves (Vanguard, Valley Forge, PA, 2012).
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(2012)
How America Saves
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10
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84874721485
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note
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Data provided by Aon Hewitt, which tends to focus on larger plans that are generally more innovative, so the numbers could be biased upward. By comparison, the Plan Sponsor Council of America reports in their 54th Annual Survey (19) that 46% of plans had automatic enrollment in 2011. Owing to confidentiality concerns, Aon Hewitt analyzed data on authors' behalf and only provided summary statistics displayed in the chart.
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11
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84922702857
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Pensions and Investments (2012); www.pionline.com/specialreports/dc- record-keepers/20120402.
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(2012)
Pensions and Investments
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12
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84874686061
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note
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According to 2010 Department of Labor data (20), the pensions and investments universe of plan providers covers more than 90% of all plan participants in the United States.
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13
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84874742866
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note
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Firms shared data on condition of anonymity, so data are stripped of identifying information.
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14
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84922692388
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Plan Sponsor Council of America, 55th Annual Survey, 2012; www.psca.org/55th-survey.
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(2012)
55th Annual Survey
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15
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84874754951
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note
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At the authors' request, a large-plan administrator calculated a median income of $62K and average income of $93K for 1.8 million contributing participants in its plans, which suggests that our calculation may be conservative.
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16
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84877108476
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Active vs. passive decisions and crowd-out in retirement savings accounts: Evidence from Denmark
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National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA
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R. Chetty et al., Active vs. passive decisions and crowd-out in retirement savings accounts: Evidence from Denmark (NBER Working Paper No. 18565, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA, 2012).
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(2012)
NBER Working Paper No. 18565
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Chetty, R.1
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17
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57449113601
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K. G. Volpp et al., JAMA 300, 2631 (2008).
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(2008)
JAMA
, vol.300
, pp. 2631
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Volpp, K.G.1
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19
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84922760184
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Plan Sponsor Council of America, 54th Annual Survey, 2011; www.psca.org/54th-annual-survey.
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(2011)
54th Annual Survey
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20
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84922696355
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U.S. Department of Labor, www.dol.gov/ebsa/PDF/2010pensionplanbulletin. PDF.
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