Childhood risk, offending trajectories, and psychopathy at age 48 years in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development

Psychology, Public Policy, and Law

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 577-598

  Piquero, Alex R ^a   Farrington, David P ^b   Fontaine, Nathalie M G ^c   Vincent, Gina ^d   Coid, Jeremy ^e,f   Ullrich, Simone ^e,f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^c INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^e QUEEN MARY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^f QUEEN MARY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Childhood risk; Longitudinal; Psychopathy; Trajectories

Indexed keywords

EID: 84874712942     PISSN: 10768971     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0027061     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Blonigen, D. M., Carlson, S. R., Krueger, R. F., & Patrick, C. J. (2003). A twin study of self-reported psychopathic personality traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 179-197. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00184-8.
2. Blonigen, D. M., Hicks, B. M., Krueger, R. F., Patrick, C. J., & Iacono, W. G. (2006). Continuity and change in psychopathic traits as measured via normal-range personality: A longitudinal-biometric study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115, 85-95. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.115.1.85.
3. Blumstein, A., Cohen, J., Roth, J. A., & Visher, C. A. (1986). Criminal careers and "career criminals." Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
4. Blumstein, A., Farrington, D. P., & Moitra, S. (1985). Delinquency careers: Innocents, desisters and persisters. In M. Tonry and N. Morris (Eds.), Crime and justice: An annual review of research (Vol. 6, pp. 187-219). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
5. Borum, R., Bartel, P., & Forth, A. (2006). Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY). Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
6. Caldwell, M., Skeem, J., Salekin, R., & van Rybroek, G. (2006). Treatment response of adolescent offenders with psychopathy features: A 2-year follow-up. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 33, 571-596. doi:10.1177/0093854806288176.
7. Cleckley, H. (1976). The Mask of Sanity: An attempt to clarify some issues about the so-called psychopathic personality (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
8. Cohen, M., Piquero, A. R., & Jennings, W. (2010). Studying the costs of crime across offender trajectories. Criminology & Public Policy, 9, 279-305. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9133.2010.00627.x.
9. Cooke, D. J., Michie, C., Hart, S. D., & Clark, D. A. (2004). Reconstructing psychopathy: Clarifying the significance of antisocial and socially deviant behavior in the diagnosis of psychopathic personality disorder. Journal of Personality Disorders, 18, 337-357. doi:10.1521/pedi.2004.18.4.337.
10. Cooke, D. J., Michie, C., Hart, S. D., & Clark, D. A. (2005). Assessing psychopathy in the UK: Concerns about cross-cultural generalisability. British Journal of Psychiatry, 186, 335-341. doi:10.1521/pedi.18.4.337.40347.
11. Cooke, D. J., Michie, C., Hart, S. D., & Hare, R. D. (1999). Evaluating the screening version of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL:SV): An item response theory analysis. Psychological Assessment, 11, 3-13. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.11.1.3.
12. Cornell, A. H., & Frick, P. J. (2007). The moderating effects of parenting styles in the association between behavioral inhibition and parent-reported guilt and empathy in preschool children. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36, 305-318. doi:10.1080/15374410701444181.
13. Dolan, M., & Doyle, M. (2000). Violence risk prediction: Clinical and actuarial measures and the role of the Psychopathy Checklist. British Journal of Psychiatry, 177, 303-311. doi:10.1192/bjp.177.4.303.
14. Farrington, D. P. (2003). Developmental and life-course criminology: Key theoretical and empirical issues-The 2002 Sutherland Award Address. Criminology, 41, 221-225. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2003.tb00987.x.
15. Farrington, D. P. (2005). The importance of child and adolescent psychopathy. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33, 489-497. doi:10.1007/s10802-005-5729-8.
16. Farrington, D. P. (2006). Family background and psychopathy. In C. J. Patrick (Ed.), Handbook of psychopathy (pp. 229-250). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
17. Farrington, D. P. (2007). Social origins of psychopathy. In A. Felthous & H. Sass (Eds.), The International Handbook of Psychopathic Disorders and the Law (pp. 319-334). New York, NY: Wiley.
18. Farrington, D. P., Coid, J. W., Harnett, L., Jolliffe, D., Soteriou, N., Turner, R., & West, D. J. (2006). Criminal careers up to Age 50 and life success up to age 48: New findings from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development. Research Study 299. London, England: Home Office.
19. Farrington, D. P., Coid, J. W., & West, D. J. (2009). The development of offending from age 8 to age 50: Recent results from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development. Monatsschrift fur Kriminologie und Strafrechtsreform [Journal of Criminology and Penal Reform], 92, 160-173.
20. Farrington, D. P., Ullrich, S., & Salekin, R. T. (2010). Environmental influences on child and adolescent psychopathy. In R. T. Salekin & D. R. Lynam (Eds.), Handbook of child and adolescent psychopathy (pp. 202-230). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
21. Fontaine, N. M. G., McCrory, E. J. P., Boivin, M., Moffitt, T. E., & Viding, E. (2011). Predictors and outcomes of joint trajectories of callous-unemotional traits and conduct problems in childhood. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 120, 730-742. doi: 10.1037/a0022620.
22. Fontaine, N. M. G., Rijsdijk, F. V., McCrory, E. J. P., & Viding, E. (2010). Etiology of different developmental trajectories of callous-unemotional traits. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 49, 656-664. doi:10.1016/ j.jaac.2010.03.014.
23. Forsman, M., Lichtenstein, P., Andershed, H., & Larsson, H. (2010). A longitudinal twin study of the direction of effects between psychopathic personality and antisocial behaviour. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51, 39-47. doi:10.1111/ j.1469-7610.2009.02141.x.
24. Forth, A. E., Kosson, D. S., & Hare, R. D. (2003). Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems.
25. Freidenfelt, J., & af Klinteberg, B. (2003). Are negative social and psychological childhood characteristics of significant importance in the development of psychological dysfunctioning? International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 2, 181-193.
26. Frick, P. J. (2009). Extending the construct of psychopathy to youths: Implications for understanding, diagnosing, and treating antisocial children and adolescents. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 12, 803-812.
27. Frick, P. J., Kimonis, E. R., Dandreaux, D. M., & Farell, J. M. (2003). The 4 year stability of psychopathic traits in non-referred youth. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 21, 713-736. doi:10.1002/bsl.568.
28. Hare, R. D. (1991). The Hare Psychopathy Checklist revised. Toronto, ON: MultiHealth Systems.
29. Hare, R. D. (2003). The Hare Psychopathy Checklist - revised (2nd ed.). Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems.
30. Hare, R. D., & Neumann, C. S. (2006). The PCL-R assessment of psychopathy: Devel- opment, structural properties, and new direction. In C. J. Patrick (Ed.), Handbook of Psychopathy (pp. 58-88). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
31. Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., & Lalumière, M. (2001). Criminal violence: The roles of psychopathy, neurodevelopmental insults, and antisocial parenting. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 28, 402-426. doi:10.1177/009385480102800402.
32. Hart, S. D. (1998). The role of psychopathy in assessing risk for violence: Conceptual and methodological issues. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 3, 121-137. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8333.1998.tb00354.x.
33. Hart, S. D., Cox, D. N., & Hare, R. D. (1995). The Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Screening version. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems.
34. Hart, S. D., & Dempster, R. J. (1997). Impulsivity and psychopathy. In C. D. Webster and M. A. Jackson (Eds.), Impulsivity: Theory, assessment, and treatment (pp. 212-232). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
35. Hart, S. D., & Hare, R. D. (1997). Psychopathy: Assessment and association with criminal conduct. In D. M. Stoff, J. Breiling, & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Handbook of antisocial behavior (pp. 22-35). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
36. Hart, S. D., Watt, K. A., & Vincent, G. M. (2002). Commentary on Seagrave and Grisso: Impressions of the state of the art. Law and Human Behavior, 26, 241-245. doi: 0147-7307/02/0400-0241/1.
37. Hill, C. D., Neumann, C. S., & Rogers, R. (2004). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Psychopathy checklist: Screening Version in offenders with axis I disorders. Psychological Assessment, 16, 90-95. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.16.1.90.
38. Koenigs, M., Baskin-Sommers, A., Zeier, J., & Newman, J. P. (2011). Investigating the neural correlates of psychopathy: A critical review. Molecular Psychiatry, 16, 792-799. doi:10.1038/mp.2010.124.
39. Lang, S., af Klinteberg, B., & Alm, P.-O. (2002). Adult psychopathy and violent behavior in males with early neglect and abuse. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 106, 93-100. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.106.s412.20.x.
40. Larsson, H., Andershed, H., & Lichtenstein, P. (2006). A genetic factor explains most of the variation in the psychopathic personality. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115, 221-230. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.115.2.221.
41. Le Blanc, M., & Loeber, R. (1998). Developmental criminology. In M. Tonry (Ed.), Crime and justice: A review of research (Vol. 23, pp. 115-198). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
42. Lee, Z. E., Klaver, J. R., Hart, S. D., Moretti, M. M., & Douglas, K. S. (2009). Short-term stability of psychopathic traits in adolescent offenders. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 38, 595-605. doi:10.1080/15374410903103536.
43. Loeber, R., & Le Blanc, M. (1990). Toward a developmental criminology. In M. Tonry and N. Morris (Eds.), Crime and Justice: A Review of Research (Vol. 12, pp. 1-98). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
44. Lynam, D. R. (1998). Early identification of the fledgling psychopath: Locating the psychopathic child in the current nomenclature. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 566-575. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.107.4.566.
45. Lynam, D. R., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2007). Longitudinal evidence that psychopathy scores in early adolescence predict adult psychopathy. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 116, 155-165. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.116.1.155.
46. Lynam, D. R., & Gudonis, L. (2005). The development of psychopathy. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1, 381-407. doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.144019.
47. Lynam, D. R., Whiteside, S., & Jones, S. (1999). Self-reported psychopathy: A validation study. Journal of Personality Assessment, 73, 110-132. doi:10.1207/ S15327752JPA730108.
48. Marshall, L. A., & Cooke, D. J. (1999). The childhood experiences of psychopaths: A retrospective study of familial and societal factors. Journal of Personality Disorders, 13, 211-225. doi:10.1521/pedi.1999.13.3.211.
49. Moffitt, T. E. (1993). "Adolescence-limited" and "life-course-persistent" antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100, 674-701. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.100.4.674.
50. Moffitt, T. E. (2006). Life-course persistent versus adolescence-limited antisocial behavior. In D. Cicchetti and D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental Psychopathology (pp. 570-598). New York, NY: Wiley.
51. Motzkin, J. C., Newman, J. P., Kiehl, K. A., & Koenigs, M. (2011). Reduced prefrontal connectivity in psychopathy. The Journal of Neuroscience, 31, 17348-17357. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4215-11.2011.
52. Murrie, D. C., Marcus, D. K., Douglas, K. S., Salekin, R. S., Lee, Z., & Vincent, G. (2007). Youth with psychopathy features are not a discrete class: A taxometric analysis. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48, 714-723. doi:10.1111/ j.1469-7610.2007.01734.x.
53. Nagin, D. S. (2005). Group-based modeling of development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
54. Nagin, D. S., & Land, K. C. (1993). Age, criminal careers, and population heterogeneity: Specification and estimation of a nonparametric, mixed Poisson model. Criminology, 31, 327-362. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1993.tb01133.x.
55. Nagin, D. S., & Piquero, A. R. (2010). Using group-based trajectory models to study crime over the life course. Journal of Criminal Justice Education, 21, 105-116. doi:10.1080/10511251003693637.
56. Neumann, C., Wampler, M., Taylor, J., Blonigen, D. M., & Iacono, W. G. (2011). Stability and invariance of psychopathic traits from late adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Research in Personality, 45, 145-152. doi:10.1016/ j.jrp.2010.12.003.
57. Obradovic, J., Pardini, D. A., Long, J. D., & Loeber, R. (2007). Measuring interpersonal callousness in boys from childhood to adolescence. An examination of longitudinal invariance and temporal stability. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36, 276-292. doi:10.1080/15374410701441633.
58. Odgers, C. L., Caspi, A., Broadbent, J. M., Dickson, N., Hancox, R. J., Harrington, H. L., Moffitt, T. E. (2007). Prediction of differential adult health burden by conduct problem subtypes in males. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64, 476-484. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.64.4.476.
59. Patrick, C. J., Zempolich, K. A., & Levenston, G. K. (1997). Emotionality and violent behavior in psychopaths: A biosocial analysis. In A. Raine, P. A. Brennan, D. P. Farrington, & S. A. Mednick (Eds.), Biosocial bases of violence (pp. 145-161). New York, NY: Plenum Press.
60. Piquero, A. R. (2008). Taking stock of developmental trajectories of criminal activity over the life course. In A. Liberman (Ed.), The long view of crime: A synthesis of longitudinal research (pp. 23-78). New York, NY: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-71165-2_2.
61. Piquero, A. R., Daigle, L. E., Gibson, C., Piquero, N. L., & Tibbetts, S. G. (2007). Are life-course-persistent offenders at risk for adverse health outcomes? Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 44, 185-207. doi:10.1177/0022427806297739.
62. Piquero, A. R., Farrington, D. P., & Blumstein, A. (2003). The criminal career paradigm. In M. Tonry (Ed.), Crime and justice: A review of research (Vol. 30, pp. 359-506). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
63. Piquero, A. R., Farrington, D. P., & Blumstein, A. (2007). Key issues in criminal career research: New analyses from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511499494.
64. Piquero, A. R., Farrington, D. P., Nagin, D. S., & Moffitt, T. E. (2010). Trajectories of offending and their relation to life failure in late middle age: Findings from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 47, 151-173. doi:10.1177/0022427809357713.
65. Piquero, A. R., & Moffitt, T. E. (2005). Explaining the facts of crime: How development taxonomy replies to Farrington's invitation. In D. P. Farrington (Ed.), Integrated developmental and life-course theories of offending: Advances in criminological theory (pp. 51-72). New Brunswick, NJ: Transactions Press.
66. Piquero, A. R., Shepherd, I., Shepherd, J., & Farrington, D. P. (2011). Impact of offender trajectories on health: Disability, hospitalization, and death by middle age in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 21, 189-201. doi:10.1002/cbm.810.
67. Raine, A., Lee, L., Yang, Y., & Colletti, P. (2010). Neurodevelopmental marker for limbic maldevelopment in antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy. British Journal of Psychiatry, 197, 186-192. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.110.078485.
68. Salekin, R. T., Worley, C., & Grimes, R. D. (2010). Treatment of psychopathy: A review and brief introduction of the mental model approach for psychopathy. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 28, 235-266. doi:10.1002/bsl.928.
69. Saltaris, C. (2002). Psychopathy in juvenile offenders: Can temperament and attachment be considered as robust developmental precursors? Clinical Psychology Review, 22, 729-752. doi:10.1016/S0272-7358(01)00122-2.
70. Seagrave, D., & Grisso, T. (2002). Adolescent development and the measurement of juvenile psychopathy. Law and Human Behavior, 26, 219-239. doi:0147-7307/02/ 0400-0219/1.
71. Viding, E., Blair, R. J. R., Moffitt, T. E., & Plomin, R. (2005). Evidence for substantial genetic risk for psychopathy in 7-year-olds. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 592-597. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00393.x.
72. Vincent, G. M. (2006). Psychopathy and violence risk assessment in youth. Child Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 15, 407-428. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2005.12.001.
73. Vincent, G. M., & Hart, S. D. (2002). Psychopathy in childhood and adolescence: Implications for the assessment and management of multi-problem youths. In R. R. Corrado, R. Roesch, S. D. Hart, & J. K. Gierowski (Eds.), Multi-problem violent youth: A foundation for comparative research on needs, intervention, and outcomes (pp. 150-163). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: IOS Press.
74. Vincent, G. M., Vitacco, M. J., Grisso, T., & Corrado, R. R. (2003). Subtypes of adolescent offenders: Affective traits and antisocial behavior patterns. Juvenile Psychopathy. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 21, 695-712. doi:10.1002/bsl.556.
75. Vitacco, M. J., Neumann, C. S., & Wodushek, T. (2008). Differential relationships between the dimensions of psychopathy and intelligence: Replication with adult jail inmates. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 35, 48-55. doi:10.1177/0093854807309806.
76. Weiler, B. L., & Widom, C. S. (1996). Psychopathy and violent behavior in abused and neglected young adults. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 6, 253-271. doi: 10.1002/cbm.99.
77. Wolfgang, M. E., Figlio, R. M., & Sellin, T. (1972). Delinquency in a birth cohort. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
78. Wootton, J. M., Frick, P. J., Shelton, K. K., & Silverthorn, P. (1997). Ineffective parenting and childhood conduct problems: The moderating role of callous-unemotional traits. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 301-308. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.65.2.292.b.