Mapping the Global Emergence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, the Amphibian Chytrid Fungus

PLoS ONE

Volumn 8, Issue 2, 2013, Pages

  Olson, Deanna H ^a   Aanensen, David M ^b   Ronnenberg, Kathryn L ^a   Powell, Christopher I ^b   Walker, Susan F ^b   Bielby, Jon ^c   Garner, Trenton W J ^d   Weaver, George ^a   Fisher, Matthew C ^b  

^a PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION   (United States)

^b IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^d OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPHIBIA; ARTICLE; BATRACHOCHYTRIUM DENDROBATIDIS; BIODIVERSITY; BUFONIDAE; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; CLIMATE; ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE; FUNGAL DETECTION; FUNGUS TRANSMISSION; HOST RANGE; HYLIDAE; NONHUMAN; POPULATION BIOLOGY; POPULATION DECLINE; RANIDAE; SPECIES RICHNESS; UNITED STATES;

AMPHIBIANS; ANIMALS; BIODIVERSITY; CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA; COMMUNICABLE DISEASES, EMERGING; DATABASES, FACTUAL; DEMOGRAPHY; DERMATOMYCOSES; GEOGRAPHIC MAPPING; INTERNET; LOGISTIC MODELS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 84874546486     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056802     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Ferguson NM, Donnelly CA, Anderson RM, (2001) Transmission intensity and impact of control policies on the foot and mouth epidemic in Great Britain. Nature 413: 542-548.
2. Berger L, Speare R, Daszak P, Green DE, Cunningham AA, et al. (1998) Chytridiomycosis causes amphibian mortality associated with population declines in the rain forests of Australia and Central America. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95: 9031-9036.
3. Johnson PTJ, (2006) Amphibian diversity: Decimation by disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 3011-3012.
4. Gascon C (2007) Amphibian Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Amphibian Specialist Group, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
5. McCallum ML, (2007) Amphibian decline or extinction? Current declines dwarf background extinction rate. J Herpetol 41: 483-491.
6. Skerratt LF, Berger L, Speare R, Cashins S, McDonald KR, et al. (2007) Spread of chytridiomycosis has caused the rapid global decline and extinction of frogs. EcoHealth 4: 125-134.
7. Stuart SN, Chanson JS, Cox NA, Young BE, Rodrigues AS, et al. (2004) Status and trends of amphibian declines and extinctions worldwide. Science 306: 1783-1786.
8. Wake DB, Vredenburg VT, (2008) Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105: 11466-11473.
9. Colón-Gaud C, Whiles MR, Kilham SS, Lips KR, Pringle CM, et al. (2009) Assessing ecological responses to catastrophic amphibian declines: patterns of macroinvertebrate production and food web structure in upland Panamanian streams. imnol Oceanogr 54: 331-343.
10. Colón-Gaud C, Whiles MR, Kilham SS, Lips KR, Pringle CM, et al. (2010) Macroinvertebrate community responses to catastrophic amphibian declines in neotropical streams. J North Amer Benthol Soc 2: 1185-1198.
11. Connelly S, Pringle CM, Kilham S, Whiles MR, Lips KR, et al. (2011) Do tadpoles affect leaf decomposition in neotropical streams? Freshwater Biol 56: 1863-1875.
12. Fisher MC, Henk DA, Briggs C, Brownstein JS, Madoff L, et al. (2012) Emerging fungal threats to animal, plant and ecosystem health. Nature 484: 186-194.
13. Longcore JE, Pessier AP, Nichols DK, (1999) Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis gen et sp nov, a chytrid pathogenic to amphibians. Mycologia 91: 219-227.
14. Fisher MC, Garner T, Walker J, (2009) Global emergence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and amphibian chytridiomycosis in space, time and host. Ann Rev Microbiol 63: 291-310.
15. Garner TW, Walker S, Bosch J, Leech S, Rowcliffe M, et al. (2009) Life history trade-offs influence mortality associated with the amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Oikos 118: 783-791.
16. Farrer RA, Weinert LA, Bielby J, Garner TWJ, Balloux F, et al. (2011) Multiple emergences of genetically diverse amphibian-infecting chytrids include a globalized hypervirulent recombinant lineage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A doi:10.1073/pnas.1111915108.
17. Reeder NMM, Pessier AP, Vredenburg VT, (2012) A reservoir species for the emerging amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis thrives in a landscape decimated by disease. PLoS ONE 7(3): e33567 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033567.
18. Daszak P, Strieby A, Cunningham AA, Longcore JE, Brown CC, et al. (2004) Experimental evidence that the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) is a potential carrier of chytridiomycosis, an emerging fungal disease of amphibians. Herpetol J 14: 201-207.
19. Garner TW, Perkins M, Govindarajulu P, Seglie D, Walker S, et al. (2006) The emerging amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis globally infects introduced populations of the North American bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana. Biol Lett 2: 455-459.
20. Fisher MC, Garner TWJ, (2007) The relationship between the introduction of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, the international trade in amphibians and introduced amphibian species. Fungal Biol Rev 21: 2-9.
21. Picco AM, Collins JP, (2008) Amphibian commerce as a likely source of pathogen pollution. Conserv Biol 22: 1582-1589.
22. Garmyn A, Van Rooij P, Pasmans F, Hellebuyck T, Van Den Broeck W, et al. (2012) Waterfowl: Potential environmental reservoirs of the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. PLoS ONE 7(4): e35038 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035038.
23. El Mouden EH, Slimani T, Donaire D, Fernández-Beaskoetxea S, Fisher MC, et al. (2011) First record of the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in North Africa. Herpetol Rev 42: 71-75.
24. Kirshtein JD, Anderson CW, Wood JS, Longcore JE, Voytek MA, (2007) Quantitative PCR detection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis DNA from sediments and water. Dis Aquat Org 77: 11-15.
25. OIE (2008) Report of the meeting of the OIE Aquatic animal health standards commission, Paris, 3-7 March 2008. 76th General Session.
26. Swei A, Rowley JJL, Rödder D, Diesmos MLL, Diesmos AC, et al. (2011) Is chytridiomycosis an emerging infectious disease in Asia? PLoS ONE 6(8): e23179 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023179.
27. Olson DH, Ronnenberg KL (2008) http://www.parcplace.org/bdmap2008update.html.
28. Aanensen DM (2009) The development and use of bioinformatic web applications for Infectious Disease Microbiology. Thesis. https://unicorn.lib.ic.ac.uk/uhtbin/ckey/825195.
29. Woodhams DC, Alford RA, (2005) Ecology of chytridiomycosis in rainforest stream frog assemblages of tropical Queensland. Conserv Biol 19: 1449-1459.
30. Berger L, Speare R, Hines H, Marantelli G, Hyatt AD, et al. (2004) Effect of season and temperature on mortality in amphibians due to chytridiomycosis. Aust Vet J 82: 31-36.
31. Ron S, (2005) Predicting the distribution of the amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in the New World. Biotropica 37: 209-221.
32. Bosch J, Carrascal LM, Duran L, Walker S, Fisher MC, (2007) Climate change and outbreaks of amphibian chytridiomycosis in a montane area of Central Spain; is there a link? Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] 274: 253-260.
33. Kriger KM, Hero JM, (2007) Large-scale seasonal variation in the prevalence and severity of chytridiomycosis. J Zool 271: 352-359.
34. Lips KR, Brem F, Brenes R, Reeve JD, Alford RA, et al. (2006) Emerging infectious disease and the loss of biodiversity in a Neotropical amphibian community. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 3165-3170.
35. Lips KR, Diffendorfer J, Mendelson JR III, Sears MW, (2008) Riding the wave: Reconciling the roles of disease and climate change in amphibian declines. PLoS Biol 6: 441-454.
36. Muths E, Pilliod DS, Livo LJ, (2008) Distribution and environmental limitations of an amphibian pathogen in the Rocky Mountains, USA. Biol Cons 141: 1484-1492.
37. Murray KA, Skerratt LF, Speare R, McCallum H, (2009) Impact and dynamics of disease in species threatened by the amphibian chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Conserv Biol 23: 1242-1252.
38. Aanensen DM, Huntley DM, Feil EJ, al-Own F, Spratt BG, (2009) EpiCollect: Linking smartphones to web applications for epidemiology, ecology and community data collection. PLos ONE 4(9): e6968 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006968.
39. Skerratt LF, Berger L, Hines HB, McDonald KR, Mendez D, et al. (2008) Survey protocol for detecting chytridiomycosis in all Australian frog populations. Dis Aquat Org 80: 85-94.
40. Bielby J, Cooper N, Cunningham AA, Garner TW, Purvis A, (2008) Predicting susceptibility to future declines in the world's frogs. Conserv Lett 1: 82-90.
41. Piotrowski JS, Annis SL, Longcore JE, (2004) Physiology of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a chytrid pathogen of amphibians. Mycologia 96: 9-15.
42. Retallick RWR, McCallum H, Speare R, (2004) Endemic infection of the amphibian chytrid fungus in a frog community post-decline. PloS Biol 2: 1965-1971.
43. Forrest MJ, Schlaepfer MA, (2011) Nothing a hot bath won't cure: Infection rates of amphibian chytrid fungus correlate negatively with water temperature under natural field settings. PLoS ONE 6(2): e28444 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028444.
44. Murray KA, Retallick RWR, Puschendorf R, Skerratt LF, Rosauer D, et al. (2011) Assessing spatial patterns of disease risk to biodiversity: implications for the management of the amphibian pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. J Anim Ecol 48: 163-173.
45. Pounds AJ, Bustamante MR, Coloma LA, Consuegra JA, Fogden MPL, et al. (2006) Widespread amphibian extinctions from epidemic disease driven by global warming. Nature 439: 161-167.
46. Lovich R, Ryan MJ, Pessier A, Claypool B, (2008) Infection with the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in a non-native Lithobates berlandieri below sea level in the Coachella Valley, California, USA. Herpetol Rev 39.
47. Fenton A, Pedersen AB, (2005) Community epidemiology framework for classifying disease threats. Emerg Infect Dis 11: 1815-1821.
48. de Castro F, Bolker B, (2005) Mechanisms of disease-induced extinction. Ecol Lett 8: 117-126.
49. Vredenburg VT, Knapp R, Tunstall T, Briggs CJ, (2010) Dynamics of an emerging disease drive large-scale amphibian population extinctions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107: 9689-9694.
50. Kinney VC, Heemeyer JL, Pessier AP, Lannoo MJ, (2011) Seasonal pattern of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection and mortality in Lithobates areolatus: Affirmation of Vredenburg's '10,000 Zoospore Rule'. PLoS ONE 6: e16708.
51. Woodhams DC, Ardipradja K, Alford RA, Marantelli G, Reinert LK, et al. (2007) Resistance to chytridiomycosis varies among amphibian species and is correlated with skin peptide defenses. Anim Conserv 10: 409-417.
52. Briggs CJ, Vredenburg VT, Knapp RA, Rachowicz LJ, (2005) Investigating the population-level effects of chytridiomycosis: An emerging infectious disease of amphibians. Ecology 86: 3149-3159.
53. Mitchell KM, Churcher TS, Garner TWG, Fisher MC, (2008) Persistence of the emerging pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis outside the amphibian host greatly increases the probability of host extinction. Proc R Soc [Biol] 275: 329-334.
54. Lubick N (2010) Emergency medicine for frogs. Nature 465, 680-681.
55. Bancroft B, Han B, Searle C, Michael L, Olson DH, et al. (2011) Environmental and biological correlates of species susceptibility to Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in amphibians. Biol Conserv 20: 1911-1920.
56. James TY, Litvintseva A, Vilgalys R, Morgan JA, Taylor JW, et al. (2009) Rapid global expansion of the fungal disease chytridiomycosis into declining and healthy amphibian populations. PLoS Pathogens 5: e1000458 doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000458.
57. Duffus A, Olson D, (2011) The establishment of a global Ranavirus reporting system. Froglog 96: 37.
58. Marschang RE, Miller D, (2011) 2011 International Ranavirus symposium. J Herpetol Med Surgery 21: 1-2.
59. R Development Core Team (2009) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria ISBN 3-900051-07-0, URL http://www.R-project.org.
60. USGS [United States Geological Survey] (2006) Global digital elevation model GTOPO30. [US Geological Survey] global digital elevation model GTOPO30(accessed 28 October 2008).
61. Olson DM, (2001) BioScience pp. 933-938 http://www.worldwildlife.org/science/data/item1875.html(accessed 28 October 2008).
62. Mitchell TD (2004) Tyndall Centre Working Paper No. 55.(Accessed 4 November 2008).