A statistical response-time analysis of real-time embedded systems

Proceedings - Real-Time Systems Symposium

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 351-362

  Lu, Yue ^a,c   Nolte, Thomas ^a   Bate, Iain ^a,b   Cucu Grosjean, Liliana ^c  

^a MÄLARDALEN UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b UNIVERSITY OF YORK   (United Kingdom)

^c INRIA   (France)

Author keywords

black box view; statistical response time analysis; task execution and temporal dependencies; timing traces

Indexed keywords

BLACK-BOX VIEWS; DEPENDABLE SYSTEMS; ESTIMATES OF PARAMETERS; REAL SYSTEMS; REAL-TIME EMBEDDED SYSTEMS; RESPONSE-TIME ANALYSIS; TASK DEPENDENCIES; TASK EXECUTIONS; TIMING TRACES; VALIDATION AND VERIFICATION; WORST CASE RESPONSE TIME; WORST-CASE EXECUTION TIME;

REAL TIME SYSTEMS;

RESPONSE TIME (COMPUTER SYSTEMS);

EID: 84874326391     PISSN: 10528725     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1109/RTSS.2012.85     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (40)

1. S. H. Son, I. Lee, and J. Y.-T. Leung, Handbook of Real-Time and Embedded Systems. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2007.
2. I. Bate and A. Burns, "An Integrated Approach to Scheduling in Safety-Critical Embedded Control Systems," Real-Time Systems, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 5-37, 2003.
3. J. Kraft, Y. Lu, C. Norstrom, and A. Wall, "A Metaheuristic Approach for Best Effort Timing Analysis Targeting Complex Legacy Real-Time Systems," in 14th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS'08), April 2008, pp. 258-269.
4. Y. Lu, "Pragmatic approaches for timing analysis of real-time embedded systems," Ph.D. dissertation, Malardalen University Press Dissertations, June 2012.
5. R. Wilhelm, J. Engblom, A. Ermedahl, N. Holsti, S. Thesing, D. Whalley, G. Bernat, C. Ferdinand, R. Heckmann, T. Mitra, F. Mueller, I. Puaut, P. Puschner, J. Staschulat, and P. Stenstrom, "The worst-case execution-time problem-overview of methods and survey of tools," ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS), vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1-53, April 2008.
6. A. Burns, G. Bernat, and I. Broster, "A Probabilistic Framework for Schedulability Analysis," in 3rd International Conference on Embedded Software (EMSOFT'03), October 2003, pp. 1-15.
7. J. Maki-Turja and M. Nolin, "Efficient implementation of tight responsetimes for tasks with offsets," Real-Time Systems, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 77-116, October 2008.
8. J. Maki-Turja and M. Sjodin, "Response-Time Analysis for Transactions with Execution-Time Dependencies," in 19th International Conference on Real-Time and Network Systems (RTNS'11), September 2011, pp. 139-145.
9. R. O. Baldwin, N. J. Davis IV, J. E. Kobza, and S. F. Midkiff, "Realtime queueing theory: A tutorial presentation with an admission control application," Queueing Systems: Theory and Applications, vol. 35, no. 1-4, pp. 1-21, 2000.
10. A. K. Atlas and A. Bestavros, "Statistical rate monotonic scheduling," in 19th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS'98), December 1998, pp. 123-132.
11. CENELEC, IEC 61508 Functional Safety of Electrical/Electronic/ Programmable Electronic Safety-Related Systems, 2nd ed., 2010.
12. "Guidelines and methods for conducting the safety assessment process on civil airborne systems and equipment, ARP4761, 2001."
13. L. Cucu-Grosjean, "Probabilistic real-time schedulability analysis: from uniprocessor to multiprocessor when the execution times are uncertain," RR-INRIA, Tech. Rep., May 2009.
14. J. M. Lopez, J. L. Daz, J. Entrialgo, and D. Garca, "Stochastic analysis of real-time systems under preemptive priority-driven scheduling," Real-Time Systems, pp. 180-207, November 2008.
15. T. Nolte, A. Moller, and M. Nolin, "Using components to facilitate stochastic schedulability analysis," in Work-In-Progress (WIP) Session of the 24th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS'03), December 2003, pp. 7-10.
16. J. Hansen, S. Hissam, and G. Moreno, "Statistical-Based WCET Estimation and Validation," in 9th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET'09), June 2009, pp. 123-133.
17. L. Cucu-Grosjean, L. Santinelli, M. Houston, C. Lo, T. Vardanega, L. Kosmidis, J. Abella, E. Mezzetti, E. Quinones, and F. J. Cazorla, "Measurement-based probabilistic timing analysis for multipath programs," in 24th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS'12), July 2012, pp. 91-101.
18. G. A. Kaczynski, L. Lo Bello, and T. Nolte, "Deriving Exact Stochastic Response Times of Periodic Tasks in Hybrid Priority-driven Soft Realtime Systems," in 12th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA'07), September 2007, pp. 101-110.
19. K. Refaat and P.-E. Hladik, "Efficient stochastic analysis of real-time systems via random sampling," in 22nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS'10), July 2010, pp. 175-183.
20. Y. Lu, T. Nolte, J. Kraft, and C. Norstrom, "A Statistical Approach to Response-Time Analysis of Complex Embedded Real-Time Systems," in 16th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA'10), August 2010, pp. 153-160.
21. D. S. Moore, G. P. McCabe, and B. A. Craig, Introduction to the practice of statistics, 6th ed. New York, NY 10010: W. H. Freeman and Company, 2009.
22. P. Friederichs, "An Introduction to Extreme Value Theory," COPS Summer School, July/August, 2007.
23. K. Kim, J. L. Diaz, L. Lo Bello, J. M. Lopez, C.-G. Lee, and S. L. Min, "An Exact Stochastic Analysis of Priority-Driven Periodic Real-Time Systems and Its Approximations," IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 1460-1466, 2005.
24. M. Garrido and J. Diebolt, "The ET test, a goodness-of-fit test for the distribution tail," in 2nd International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Reliability (MMR'00)-Methodology and Practice, July 2000, pp. 427-430.
25. "Chi-squared test, www.enviroliteracy.org/pdf/materials/1210.pdf, 2012."
26. S. Edgar and A. Burns, "Statistical Analysis of WCET for Scheduling," in 22nd IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS'01), December 2001, pp. 215-224.
27. D. Griffin and A. Burns, "Realism in Statistical Analysis of Worst Case Execution Times," in 10th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET'10), July 2010, pp. 49-57.
28. J. Kraft, "Enabling timing analysis of complex embedded software systems," Ph.D. dissertation, Malardalen University Press, August 2010.
29. S. Zwillinger and D. Kokoska, CRC Standard Probability and Statistics Tables and Formulae. CRC Press, 2000.
30. "Website of sampling theory," http://stattrek.com/Lesson3/ SamplingTheory.aspx.
31. "How to Determine a Sample Size," http://extension.psu.edu/ evaluation/pdf/TS60.pdf.
32. M. Bohlin, Y. Lu, J. Kraft, P. Kreuger, and T. Nolte, "Simulation-Based Timing Analysis of Complex Real-Time Systems," in 15th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA'09), August 2009, pp. 321-328.
33. T. Cormen, C. Leiserson, R. Rivest, and C. Stein, Introduction to Algorithms, 2nd ed. The MIT Press, Sep. 2001.
34. S. Stigler, "Fisher and the 5% Level," Journal of CHANCE, vol. 21, no. 4, p. 12, 2008.
35. A. M. Law and D. M. Kelton, Simulation Modeling and Analysis. McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 1999.
36. "Resampling Stats Add-in for Excel User's Guide, Version 4," Resampling Stats, 2012.
37. Y. Lu, "An Evaluation Framework for Complex Industrial Real-Time Embedded Systems," Malardalen University, Technical Report, February 2012.
38. J. Kraft, "RTSSim-A Simulation Framework for Complex Embedded Systems," Malardalen University, Technical Report, March 2009.
39. Y. Lu, T. Nolte, L. Cucu-Grosjean, and I. Bate, "RapidRT: A Tool For Statistical Response-Time Analysis of Complex Industrial Real-Time Embedded Systems," in Real-Time Systems@Work, the Open Demo Session of Real-Time Techniques and Technologies of the 32nd IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS'11), November 2011.
40. "Metropolis, Monte Carlo, and the MANIAC," http://library.lanl. gov/cgibin/getfile00326886.pdf.