Characterization of disinfection by-product precursors based on hydrophobicity and molecular size

AWWA 124th Annual Conference and Exposition: The World's Water Event, ACE 2005

Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages

  Hua, Guanghui ^a   Reckhow, David A ^a  

^a University of Massachusetts   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACID YIELDS; CHLORAMINATION; DBP PRECURSORS; DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT PRECURSORS; DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS; HIGH PH; MOLECULAR SIZE; NATURAL ORGANIC MATTERS; SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES; TOTAL ORGANIC HALOGENS; TRIHALOMETHANES; ULTRA-FILTRATION MEMBRANES; WATER SOURCE; XAD RESIN;

BROMINE; CHLORINATION; DISINFECTION; HYDROPHILICITY; IODINE; ULTRAFILTRATION; WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS; WATER POLLUTION CONTROL;

HYDROPHOBICITY;

EID: 84874318171     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (39)

1. Aiken, G. R.; McKnight, D. M.; Thorn, K. A.; Thurman, E. M. Isolation of hydrophilic organic acids from water using nonionic macroporous resins. Org. Geochem. 1992; 18, 567-573.
2. APAH, AWWA, WEF; Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th ed., APHA, AWWA, and WEF: Washington, DC, 1998.
3. Boyce, S.; Horing, J. F. Reaction pathways of trihalomethane formation from the halogenation of dihydroxyaromatic model compounds for humic acid. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1983; 17, 202-211.
4. Bichsel, Y.; von Gunten, U. Oxidation of iodide and hypoiodous acid in the disinfection of natural waters. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1999; 33, 4040-4045.
5. Bichsel, Y; von Gunten, U. Formation of iodo-trihalomethanes during disinfection and oxidation of iodide-containing waters. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2000; 34, 2784-2791.
6. Chadik, P. A.; Amy, G. L. Molecular weight effects on THM control by coagulation and adsorption. J. Environ. Eng. 1987; 113, 1234-1248.
7. Chang, E. E.; Chiang, P.; Ko, Y.; Lan, W. Characteristics of organic precursors and their relationship with disinfection by-products. Chemosphere 2001; 44, 1231-1236.
8. Collins M. R.; Amy, G. L.; Steelink, C. Molecular weight distribution, carboxylic acidity, and humic substances content of aquatic organic matter: implication for removal during water treatment. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1986; 20, 1028-1032.
9. Cowman, G. A.; Singer, P.C. Effect of bromide ion on haloacetic acid speciation resulting from chlorination and chloramination of aquatic humic substances. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1996; 30, 16-24.
10. Croue, J. P.; Violleau, D.; Laboutrie, L. Disinfection by-product formation potentials of hydrophobic and hydrophilic natural organic matter fractions: a comparison between a low- and a high-humic water. In Natural organic matter and disinfection by-products: characterization and control in drinking water; Barrett, S. E., Krasner, S. W., Amy, G. L., Eds,; ACS Symposium Series 761, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2000; pp 139-153.
11. Diehl, A. C.; Speitel, G. E. Jr; Symons, J. M.; Krasner, S. W.; Hwang C. J.; Barrett, S. E. DBP formation during chloramination. J.-Am. Water Works Assoc. 2000; 92, 76-90.
12. Hua, G.; Reckhow, D. A. Determination of TOCl, TOBr and TOI in drinking water by pyrolysis and offline ion chromatography. In Proc. of Water Quality Technology Conference, AWWA: San Antonio, TX, 2004.
13. Hua, G.; Reckhow, D. A.; Kim, J. Effect of bromide and iodide ions on the formation and speciation of DBPs during chlorination. In Proc. of Water Quality Technology Conference, AWWA: San Antonio, TX, 2004.
14. Huang, W.; Yeh, H. The effect of organic characteristics and bromide on disinfection byproducts formation by chlorination. J. Environ. Sci. Health, A. 1997; 32, 2311-2336.
15. Hwang, C. J.; Sclimenti, M. J.; Krasner, S. W. Disinfection by-product formation reactivities of natural organic matter fractions of a low-humic water. In Natural organic matter and disinfection by-products: characterization and control in drinking water; Barrett, S. E., Krasner, S. W., Amy, G. L., Eds,; ACS Symposium Series 761, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2000; pp 173-187.
16. Hanna, J. V.; Johnson, W. D.; Quezada, R. A.; Wilson, M. A.; Lu, X. Characterization of aqueous humic substances before and after chlorination. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1991; 25, 1160-1164.
17. Hansson, R. C; Henderson, M. J; Jack, P.; Taylor, R. D. Iodoform taste complaints in chloramination. Water Res. 1987; 21, 1265-1271.
18. Heller-Grossman, L.; Manka, J.; Limoni-Relis, B.; Rebhun, M. Formation and distribution of haloacetic acids and TOX in chlorination of bromide-rich lake water. Water Res. 1993, 27, 1323-1331.
19. Johnson, J. D.; Jensen, J. N. THM and TOX formation: routes, rates, and precursors. J.- Am. Water Works Assoc. 1986; 78, 156-162.
20. Kitis, M.; Karanfil, T.; Wigton, A.; Kilduff, J. E. Probing reactivity of dissolved organic matter for disinfection by-product formation using XAD-8 resin adsorption and ultrafiltration fractionation. Water Res. 2002, 36, 3834-3848.
21. Krasner, S. W.; Croue, J. P.; Buffle, J.; Perdue, E. M. Three approaches for characterizing NOM. J.-Am. Water Works Assoc. 1996; 88, 66-79.
22. Liang, L.; Singer, P. C. Factors influencing the formation and relative distribution of haloacetic acids and trihalomethanes in drinking water. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003; 37, 2920-2928.
23. Lee, S.; Cho, J.; Shin, H.; Son, B.; Chae, S. Investigation of NOM size, structure and functionality (SSF): impact on water process with respect to disinfection byproduct formation. J. Water Supply: Res. and Tech.-AQUA 2003; 52, 555-64.
24. Leeneer, J. A. Comprehensive approach to preparative isolation and fractionation of dissolved organic carbon from natural waters and wastewater. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1981; 57, 578-587.
25. Leeneer, J. A.; Croue, J. P. Charactering aquatic organic matter. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003; 37, 19A-26A.
26. Logan, B. E.; Jiang, Q. Molecular size distribution of dissolved organic matter. J. Environ. Eng. 1990; 116, 1046-1062.
27. Malcolm, R. L.; MacCarthy, P. Quantitative evaluation of XAD-8 and XAD-4 resins used in tandem for removing organic solutes from water. Environ. International 1992; 18, 597-607.
28. Owen, D. M.; Amy, G. L.; Chowdhury, Z. K.; Paode, R.; McCoy, G.; Viscosil, K. NOM characterization and treatability. J.-Am. Water Works Assoc. 1995, 87, 46-63.
29. Reckhow, D. A.; Singer, P. C. The removal of organic halide precursors by preozonation and alum coagulation. J.-Am. Water Works Assoc. 1984; 76, 151-157.
30. Reckhow, D. A.; Singer, P. C. Mechanisms of organic halide formation during fulvic acid chlorination and implications with respect to preozonation. In Water chlorination: environmental impact and health effect; Jolley, R. L., Brungs, W. A., Cotruvo, J. A., Cumming, R. B., Mattice, J. S., Jacobs, V. A., Eds,; Lewis Publishers: Chelsea, MI, 1985; Vol. 5, pp 1229-1257.
31. Reckhow, D. A.; Singer, P. C.; Malcolm, R. L. Chlorination of humic materials: Byproduct formation and chemical interpretations. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1990; 24, 1655-1664.
32. Richardson, S. D. Disinfection by-products and other emerging contaminants in drinking water. Trends in Anal. Chem. 2003; 22, 666-684.
33. Schnoor, J. L.; Nitzschke, J. L.; Lucas, R. D.; Veenstra, J. N. Trihalomethane yields as a function of precursor molecular weight. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1979; 13, 1134-1138.
34. Shukairy, H. M.; Koechling, M.; Summers, R. S. Fractionated organic matter DBP formation: kinetics, reactivity and speciation. In Proc. of AWWA Annual Conference, AWWA: New York, 1994.
35. Singer, P. C.; Liang, L. Coagulation of natural organic material: effects on speciation of halogenated disinfection by-products. Water Sci Technol. 2004; 4, 245-250.
36. Symons, J. M.; Krasner, S. W.; Simms, L. A.; Sclimenti, M. Measurement of THM and precursor concentrations revisited: the effect of bromide ion. J.-Am. Water Works Assoc. 1993; 85, 51-62.
37. Weishaar, J. L.; Aiken, G. R.; Bergamaschi, B. A.; Farm, M. S.; Fujii, R.; Mopper, K. Evaluation of specific ultraviolet absorbance as an indicator of the chemical composition and reactivity of dissolved organic matter. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003; 37, 4702-4708.
38. Westerhoff, P.; Chao, P.; Mash, H. Reactivity of natural organic matter with aqueous chlorine and bromine. Water Res. 2004, 38, 1502-1513.
39. Zhang, X.; Minear, R. A. Characterization of high molecular weight disinfection byproducts resulting from chlorination of aquatic humic matter. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002; 36, 4033-4038.