Patients with testicular cancer undergoing CT surveillance demonstrate a pitfall of radiation-induced cancer risk estimates: The timing paradox

Radiology

Volumn 266, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 896-904

  Pandharipande, Pari V ^a,b   Eisenberg, Jonathan D ^a   Lee, Richard J ^a   Gilmore, Michael E ^a   Turan, Ekin A ^a   Singh, Sarabjeet ^a,b   Kalra, Mannudeep K ^a,b   Liu, Bob ^a,b   Kong, Chung Yin ^a,b   Gazelle, G Scott ^a,b  

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CANCER MORTALITY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; FOLLOW UP; HIDDEN MARKOV MODEL; HUMAN; LIFE EXPECTANCY; MALE; MONTE CARLO METHOD; NON SEMINOMATOUS GERMINOMA; ORCHIECTOMY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION DOSE REDUCTION; RADIATION HAZARD; RADIATION INDUCED NEOPLASM; SEMINOMA; TESTIS CANCER;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BOSTON; COMORBIDITY; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; LIFE EXPECTANCY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASMS, RADIATION-INDUCED; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; RISK FACTORS; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; SURVIVAL RATE; TESTICULAR NEOPLASMS; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED;

EID: 84874291508     PISSN: 00338419     EISSN: 15271315     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1148/radiol.12121015     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Brenner DJ, Hall EJ. Computed tomography: an increasing source of radiation exposure. N Engl J Med 2007;357(22): 2277-2284.
2. Semelka RC, Armao DM, Elias J Jr, Picano E. The information imperative: is it time for an informed consent process explaining the risks of medical radiation? Radiology 2012;262(1): 15-18.
3. Smith-Bindman R. Is computed tomography safe? N Engl J Med 2010;363(1): 1-4.
4. Smith-Bindman R, Lipson J, Marcus R, et al. Radiation dose associated with common computed tomography examinations and the associated lifetime attributable risk of cancer. Arch Intern Med 2009;169(22): 2078-2086.
5. The Joint Commission. Radiation risks of diagnostic imaging. The Joint Commission Sentinel Event Alert. http://www .jointcommission.org/assets/1/18/ SEA-471. PDF. Published August 24, 2011. Accessed September 23, 2011.
6. National Research Council (U.S.). Advisory Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation. Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation, BEIR VII phase Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences, 2006.
7. Buyyounouski MK. Surveillance for stage I seminoma: better the devil you know than the devil you don't? Oncology (Williston Park) 2009;23(9): 762, 764.
8. Warde P, Gospodarowicz M. Evolving concepts in stage I seminoma. BJU Int 2009; 104(9 Pt B): 1357-1361.
9. Travis LB, Beard C, Allan JM, et al. Testicular cancer survivorship: research strategies and recommendations. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010; 102(15): 1114-1130.
10. Bosl GJ, Patil S. Carboplatin in clinical stage I seminoma: too much and too little at the same time. J Clin Oncol 2011;29(8): 949-952.
11. Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, et al, eds. SEER cancer statistics review, 1975-2008. National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD. http://seer.cancer. gov/ csr/1975-2008/. Based on November 2010 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER Web site, 2011. Accessed June 30, 2011.
12. Centers for Disease Control. National Center for Health Statistics. United States life tables, 2000, volume 51(3). http://www.cdc. gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr51/nvsr51-03.pdf. Accessed August 10, 2010.
13. Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program. SEER*Stat Database: Incidence - SEER 17 Regs Research Data + Hurricane Katrina Impacted Louisiana Cases, Nov 2010 Sub (1973-2008 varying) - Linked To County Attributes - Total U.S., 1969-2009 Counties, National Cancer Institute, DC CPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, released April 2011. www.seer.cancer.gov. Based on the November 2010 submission.
14. Beck JR, Kassirer JP, Pauker SG. A convenient approximation of life expectancy (the "DEALE"). I. Validation of the method. Am J Med 1982;73(6): 883-888.
15. Beck JR, Pauker SG, Gottlieb JE, Klein K, Kassirer JP. A convenient approximation of life expectancy (the "DEALE"). II. Use in medical decision-making. Am J Med 1982;73(6): 889-897.
16. Berrington de González A, Mahesh M, Kim KP, et al. Projected cancer risks from computed tomographic scans performed in the United States in 2007. Arch Intern Med 2009; 169(22): 2071-2077.
17. Horner MJ, Ries LAG, Krapcho M, et al (eds). SEER cancer statistics review, 1975-2006. National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD. http://seer.cancer. gov/ csr/1975-2006/. Based on November 2008 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, 2009. Accessed May 17, 2010.
18. Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program. SEER*Stat Database: Incidence - SEER 17 Regs Research Data + Hurricane Katrina Impacted Louisiana Cases, Nov 2009 Sub (2000-2007), Katrina/Rita Population Adjustment. - Linked To County Attributes - Total U.S., 1969-2007 Counties, National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, released April 2010. www.seer. cancer.gov. Based on the November 2009 submission.
19. Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program. SEER*Stat Database: Mortality - All COD, Aggregated With State, Total U.S. (1969-2006), Katrina/Rita Population Adjustment., National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, released May 2009. www.seer.cancer.gov. Underlying mortality data provided by NCHS, www.cdc.gov/ nchs.
20. Office of Radiation and Indoor Air. Modifying EPA radiation risk models based on BEIR VII, draft white paper: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2006. http:// www.epa.gov/rpdweb00/docs/assessment/ white-paper8106.pdf. Accessed May 3, 2010.
21. Motzer RJ, Agarwal N, Beard C, et al. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: testicular cancer. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2009;7(6): 672-693.
22. Shrimpton PC, Hillier MC, Lewis MA, Dunn M. NRPB-W67 doses from computed tomog- raphy (CT) examinations in the UK, 2003 review. Health Protection Agency. http:// www.hpa.org.uk/Publications/Radiation /NPRBArchive/NRPBWSeriesReports /2005nrpbw067/. Published March 2005. Accessed November 5, 2010.
23. International Commission on Radiological Protection. 1990 recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection: user's edition. Oxford, England: Published for the International Commission on Radiological Protection by Pergamon Press, 1992.
24. Jones DG, Shrimpton PC. NRPB-SR250: Normalized organ doses for x-ray computed tomography calculated using Monte Carlo techniques. Health Protection Agency, UK. http://www.hpa.org.uk/Publications/Radiation/ NPRBArchive/ NRPBSoftware/. Accessed October 27, 2012.
25. Tarin TV, Sonn G, Shinghal R. Estimating the risk of cancer associated with imaging related radiation during surveillance for stage I testicular cancer using computerized tomography. J Urol 2009;181(2): 627-632; discussion 632-633.
26. Spall J. Introduction to stochastic search and optimization. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Interscience, 2003.
27. Sodickson A, Baeyens PF, Andriole KP, et al. Recurrent CT, cumulative radiation exposure, and associated radiation-induced cancer risks from CT of adults. Radiology 2009;251(1): 175-184.
28. Brenner DJ, Shuryak I, Einstein AJ. Impact of reduced patient life expectancy on potential cancer risks from radiologic imaging. Radiology 2011;261(1): 193-198.
29. Brink JA, Goske MJ, Patti JA. Informed consent for radiologic procedures. JAMA 2011;305(9): 888-889; author reply 889-890.
30. Brink JA, Goske MJ, Patti JA. Informed decision making trumps informed consent for medical imaging with ionizing radiation. Radiology 2012;262(1): 11-14.
31. Durand DJ. A rational approach to the clinical use of cumulative effective dose estimates. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2011;197(1): 160-162.
32. Eisenberg JD, Harvey HB, Moore DA, Gazelle GS, Pandharipande PV. Falling prey to the sunk cost bias: a potential harm of patient radiation dose histories. Radiology 2012;263(3): 626-628.
33. Armitage JO. Early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med 2010;363(7): 653-662.
34. Hoppe RT, Advani RH, Ai WZ, et al. Hodgkin lymphoma, version 2.2012 featured updates to the NCCN guidelines. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2012;10(5): 589-597.
35. Meyer RM, Gospodarowicz MK, Connors JM, et al. ABVD alone versus radiation-based therapy in limited-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med 2012;366(5): 399-408.
36. Cheson BD. Role of functional imaging in the management of lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2011;29(14): 1844-1854.
37. Bø SH, Davidsen EM, Gulbrandsen P, Dietrichs E. Acute headache: a prospective diagnostic work-up of patients admitted to a general hospital. Eur J Neurol 2008;15(12): 1293-1299.
38. Raja AS, Wright C, Sodickson AD, et al. Negative appendectomy rate in the era of CT: an 18-year perspective. Radiology 2010;256(2): 460-465.
39. Tillou A, Gupta M, Baraff LJ, et al. Is the use of pan-computed tomography for blunt trauma justified? a prospective evaluation. J Trauma 2009;67(4): 779-787.
40. van Walraven C, Fergusson D, Earle C, et al. Association of diagnostic radiation exposure and second abdominal-pelvic malignancies after testicular cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011;29(21): 2883-2888.
41. Brenner DJ, Shuryak I. Ten years of follow- up is not long enough to assess lifetime cancer risks caused by computed tomography scans in a young population. J Clin Oncol 2011;29(30): 4062; author reply 4062.
42. O'Malley ME, Chung P, Haider M, et al. Comparison of low dose with standard dose abdominal/pelvic multidetector CT in patients with stage 1 testicular cancer under surveillance. Eur Radiol 2010;20(7): 1624-1630.
43. Rustin GJ, Mead GM, Stenning SP, et al. Randomized trial of two or five computed tomography scans in the surveillance of patients with stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis: Medical Research Council Trial TE08, ISRCTN56475197 - the National Cancer Research Institute Testis Cancer Clinical Studies Group. J Clin Oncol 2007;25(11): 1310-1315.
44. Hansen J, Jurik AG. Diagnostic value of multislice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal spread of testicular cancer: a literature review. Acta Radiol 2009;50(9): 1064-1070.
45. Sohaib SA, Koh DM, Barbachano Y, et al. Prospective assessment of MRI for imaging retroperitoneal metastases from testicular germ cell tumours. Clin Radiol 2009;64(4): 362-367.
46. Kong CY, Lee JM, McMahon PM, et al. Using radiation risk models in cancer screening simulations: important assumptions and effects on outcome projections. Radiology 2012;262(3): 977-984.
47. Preston RJ. Update on linear non-threshold dose-response model and implications for diagnostic radiology procedures. Health Phys 2008;95(5): 541-546.
48. Little MP, Wakeford R, Tawn EJ, Bouffler SD, Berrington de Gonzalez A. Risks associated with low doses and low dose rates of ionizing radiation: why linearity may be (almost) the best we can do. Radiology 2009;251(1): 6-12.
49. Little MP, Heidenreich WF, Moolgavkar SH, Schöllnberger H, Thomas DC. Systems biological and mechanistic modelling of radiation- induced cancer. Radiat Environ Biophys 2008;47(1): 39-47.
50. Preston DL, Pierce DA, Shimizu Y, Ron E, Mabuchi K. Dose response and temporal patterns of radiation-associated solid cancer risks. Health Phys 2003;85(1): 43-46.