The first half of tetrapod evolution, sampling proxies, and fossil record quality

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

Volumn 372, Issue , 2013, Pages 18-41

  Benton, Michael J ^a   Ruta, Marcello ^a,b   Dunhill, Alexander M ^a   Sakamoto, Manabu ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LINCOLN   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Amniota; Carboniferous; Devonian; Diversification; Jurassic; Permian; Tetrapoda; Triassic

Indexed keywords

CARBONIFEROUS; DATA SET; FOSSIL RECORD; JURASSIC; LADINIAN; MASS EXTINCTION; NUMERICAL MODEL; PERMIAN; POPULATION DECLINE; PROXY CLIMATE RECORD; SAMPLING; SPECIES DIVERSITY; TETRAPOD; TIME SERIES;

AMNIOTA; ANISIA; TETRAPODA;

EID: 84873747150     PISSN: 00310182     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.09.005     Document Type: Article

References (114)

1. Abdala F., Hancox P., Neveling J. Cynodonts from the uppermost Burgersdorp Formation, South Africa, and their bearing on the biostratigraphy and correlation of the Triassic Cynognathus assemblage zone. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2005, 25:192-199.
2. Alroy J. The shifting balance of diversity among major marine animal groups. Science 2010, 329:1191-1194.
3. Alroy J. Geographical, environmental and intrinsic biotic controls on Phanerozoic marine diversification. Palaeontology 2010, 53:1211-1235.
4. Alroy J., Marshall C.R., Bambach R.K., Bezusko K., Foote M., Fürsich F.T., Hansen T.A., Holland S.M., Ivany L.C., Jablonski D., Jacobs D.K., Jones D.C., Kosnik M.A., Lidgard S., Low S., Miller A.I., Novack-Gottshall P.M., Olzewski T.D., Patzkowsky M.E., Raup D.M., Roy K., Sepkoski J.J., Sommers M.G., Wagner P.J., Webber A. Effects of sampling standardization on estimates of Phanerozoic marine diversification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2001, 98:6261-6266.
5. Alroy J., Aberhan M., Bottjer D.J., Foote M., Fürsich F.T., Harries P.J., Hendy A.J.W., Holland S.M., Ivany L.C., Kiessling W., Kosnik M.A., Marshall C.R., McGowan A.J., Miller A.I., Olzewski T.D., Patzkowsky M.E., Peters S.E., Villier L., Wagner P.J., Bonuso N., Borkow P.S., Brenneis B., Clapham M.E., Fall L.M., Ferguson C.A., Hanson V.L., Krug A.Z., Layou K.M., Leckey E.H., Nürnberg S., Powers C.M., Sessa J.A., Simpson C., Tomasovych A., Visaggi C.C. Phanerozoic trends in the global diversity of marine invertebrates. Science 2008, 321:97-100.
6. Barrett P.M., McGowan A.J., Page V. Dinosaur diversity and the rock record. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B 2009, 276:2667-2674.
7. Benjamini Y., Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate-a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B: Methodological 1995, 57:289-300.
8. Benson R.B.J., Butler R.J. Uncovering the diversification history of marine tetrapods: ecology influences the effect of geological sampling biases. Comparing the Geological and Fossil Records: Implications for Biodiversity Studies 2011, 191-208. Geological Society, London. A.J. McGowan, A.B. Smith (Eds.).
9. Benson R.B.J., Mannion P.D. Multi-variate models are essential for understanding vertebrate diversification in deep time. Biology Letters 2012, 8:127-130.
10. Benson R.B.J., Butler R.J., Lindgren J., Smith A.S. Palaeodiversity of Mesozoic marine reptiles: mass extinctions and temporal heterogeneity in geologic megabiases affecting vertebrates. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B 2010, 277:829-834.
11. Benton M.J. Dinosaur success in the Triassic: a noncompetitive ecological model. The Quarterly Review of Biology 1983, 58:29-55.
12. Benton M.J. Mass extinction among non-marine tetrapods. Nature 1985, 316:811-814.
13. Benton M.J. Late Triassic extinctions and the origin of the dinosaurs. Science 1993, 260:769-770.
14. Benton M.J. Diversification and extinction in the history of life. Science 1995, 268:52-58.
15. Benton M.J. How to find a dinosaur, and the role of synonymy in biodiversity studies. Paleobiology 2008, 34:516-533.
16. Benton M.J. Fossil quality and naming dinosaurs. Biology Letters 2008, 4:729-732.
17. Benton M.J. The red queen and the court jester: species diversity and the role of biotic and abiotic factors through time. Science 2009, 323:728-732.
18. Benton M.J. The origins of modern biodiversity on land. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences 2010, 365:3667-3679.
19. Benton M.J. No gap in the Middle Permian record of vertebrates. Geology 2012, 40:339-342.
20. Benton M.J., Wills M., Hitchin R. Quality of the fossil record through time. Nature 2000, 403:534-537.
21. Benton M.J., Tverdokhlebov V.P., Surkov M.V. Ecosystem remodelling among vertebrates at the Permian-Triassic boundary in Russia. Nature 2004, 432:97-100.
22. Benton M.J., Dunhill A.M., Lloyd G.T., Marx F.G. Assessing the quality of the fossil record: insights from vertebrates. Comparing the geological and fossil records: implications for biodiversity studies 2011, 63-94. Geological Society, London. A.J. McGowan, A.B. Smith (Eds.).
23. Benton M.J., Newell A.J., Khlyupin A.Y., Shumov I.S., Price G.D., Kurkin A.A. Preservation of exceptional vertebrate assemblages in Middle Permian fluviolacustrine mudstones of Kotel'nich, Russia: stratigraphy, sedimentology, and taphonomy. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2012, 319-320:58-83.
24. Bond D., Wignall P., Wang W., Izon G., Jiang H., Lai X., Sun Y., Newton R., Shao L., Vedrine S., Cope H. The mid-Capitanian (Middle Permian) mass extinction and carbon isotope record of South China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2010, 292:282-294.
25. Brocklehurst N., Upchurch P., Mannion P.D., O'Connor J. The completeness of the fossil record of Mesozoic birds: implications for early avian evolution. PLoS One 2012, 7(6):e39056. 10.1371/journal.pone.0039056.
26. Brusatte S.L., Benton M.J., Ruta M., Lloyd G.T. Superiority, competition, and opportunism in the evolutionary radiation of dinosaurs. Science 2008, 321:1485-1488.
27. Brusatte S.L., Benton M.J., Ruta M., Lloyd G.T. The first 50Myr of dinosaur evolution: macroevolutionary pattern and morphological disparity. Biology Letters 2008, 4:733-736.
28. Brusatte S.L., Nesbitt S.J., Irmis R.B., Butler R.J., Benton M.J., Norell M.A. The origin and early radiation of dinosaurs. Earth-Science Reviews 2010, 101:68-100.
29. Brusatte S.L., Benton M.J., Lloyd G.T., Ruta M., Wang S.C. Macroevolutionary patterns in the evolutionary radiation of archosaurs (Tetrapoda: Diapsida). Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 2011, 101:367-382.
30. Bush A.M., Bambach R.K. Did alpha diversity increase during the Phanerozoic? Lifting the veils of taphonomic, latitudinal, and environmental biases. Journal of Geology 2004, 112:625-642.
31. Butler R.J., Barrett P.M., Nowbath S., Upchurch P. Estimating the effects of the rock record on pterosaur diversity patterns: implications for hypotheses of bird/pterosaur competitive replacement. Paleobiology 2009, 35:432-446.
32. Butler R.J., Benson R.J., Carrano W.T., Mannion P.D., Upchurch P. Sea level, dinosaur diversity and sampling biases: investigating the 'common cause' hypothesis in the terrestrial realm. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences 2011, 278:1165-1170.
33. Butler R.J., Brusatte S.L., Andres B., Benson R.B.J. How do geological sampling biases affect studies of morphological evolution in deep time? A case study of the Pterosauria (Reptilia: Archosauria). Evolution 2012, 66:147-162.
34. Butler R.J., Benson R.B.J., Barrett P.M. Pterosaur diversity: untangling the influence of sampling biases, Lagerstätten, and genuine biodiversity signals. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2013, online ahead of print. 10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.08.012.
35. Carroll R. The Rise of Amphibians: 365Million Years of Evolution 2009, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 360 pp.
36. Chen Z.Q., Benton M.J. The timing and pattern of biotic recovery following the end-Permian mass extinction. Nature Geoscience 2012, 5:375-383.
37. Crampton J.S., Beu A.G., Cooper R.A., Jones C.M., Marshall B., Maxwell P.A. Estimating the rock volume bias in palaeodiversity studies. Science 2003, 301:358-360.
38. Darwin C. On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection 1859, John Murray, London.
39. Dunhill A.M. Using remote sensing and a geographic information system to quantify rock exposure area in England and Wales: implications for paleodiversity studies. Geology 2011, 39:111-114.
40. Dunhill A.M. Problems with using rock outcrop area as a paleontological sampling proxy: rock outcrop and exposure area compared with coastal proximity, topography, land use, and lithology. Paleobiology 2012, 38:126-143.
41. Dunhill, A.M., Benton, M.J., Newell, A.J., Twitchett, R.J., in press. Completeness of the fossil record and the validity of sampling proxies: a case study from the Triassic of England and Wales. Journal of the Geological Society 169.
42. Dunhill, A.M., Benton, M.J., Twitchett, R.J., Newell, A.J., in press. Completeness of the fossil record and the validity of sampling proxies at outcrop level. Palaeontology 55.
43. Fara E. Sea-level variations and the quality of the continental fossil record. Journal of the Geological Society of London 2002, 159:489-491.
44. Foote M. Inferring temporal patterns of preservation, origination, and extinction from taxonomic survivorship analysis. Paleobiology 2001, 27:602-630.
45. Foote M. Origination and extinction through the Phanerozoic: a new approach. Journal of Geology 2003, 111:125-148.
46. Fountaine T.M.R., Benton M.J., Dyke G.J., Nudds R.L. The quality of the fossil record of Mesozoic birds. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B 2005, 272:289-294.
47. Fröbisch J. Global taxonomic diversity of anomodonts (Tetrapoda, Therapsida) and the terrestrial rock record across the Permo-Triassic boundary. PLoS One 2008, 3:e3733.
48. Gradstein F., Ogg J., Smith A. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 2004, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
49. Hannisdal B. Detecting common-cause relationships with directional information transfer. Comparing the Geological and Fossil Records: Implications for Biodiversity Studies 2011, 19-29. Geological Society, London. A.J. McGowan, A.B. Smith (Eds.).
50. Hannisdal B., Peters S.E. Phanerozoic Earth System Evolution and Marine Biodiversity. Science 2011, 334:1121-1124.
51. Heim N., Peters S. Covariation in macrostratigraphic and macroevolutionary patterns in the marine record of North America. Geological Society of America Bulletin 2011, 123:620-630.
52. Hounslow M.W., Muttoni G. The geomagnetic polarity timescale for the Triassic: linkage to stage boundary definitions. The Triassic Time Scale 2010, 61-102. Geological Society, London. S.G. Lucas (Ed.).
53. Johnson M.R., Hiller N. Burgersdorp Formation. Catalogue of South African Lithostratigraphic Units 1990, 2-10:1-2.
54. Kammerer C.F., Angielczyk K.D., Fröbisch N.J. A comprehensive taxonomic revision of Dicynodon (Therapsida, Anomodontia) and its implications for dicynodont phylogeny, biogeography, and biostratigraphy. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2011, 31:1-158. (Supplement 1 31, Supplement 1).
55. Lloyd G.T. A refined modelling approach to assess the influence of sampling on palaeobiodiversity curves: new support for declining Cretaceous dinosaur richness. Biology Letters 2012, 8:123-126.
56. Lloyd, G.T., Friedman, M., in press. A survey of palaeontological sampling biases in fishes based on the Phanerozoic record of Great Britain. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.07.023.
57. Lloyd G.T., Davis K.E., Pisani D., Tarver J.E., Ruta M., Sakamoto M., Hone D.W.E., Jennings R., Benton M.J. Dinosaurs and the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B 2008, 275:2483-2490.
58. Lloyd G.T., Smith A.B., Young J.R. Quantifying the deep-sea rock and fossil record bias using coccolithophores. Comparing the Geological and Fossil Records: Implications for Biodiversity Studies 2011, 167-177. Geological Society, London. A.J. McGowan, A.B. Smith (Eds.).
59. Lloyd G.T., Pearson P.N., Young J.R., Smith A.B. Sampling bias and the fossil record of planktonic foraminifera on land and in the deep sea. Paleobiology 2012, 38:569-584.
60. Lozovskiy V.R., Minikh M.G., Grunt T.A., Kukhtinov D.A., Ponomarenko A.G., Sukacheva I.D. The Ufimian Stage of the East European scale: status, validity, and correlation potential. Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 2009, 17:602-614.
61. Lucas S.G. A global hiatus in the Middle Permian tetrapod fossil record. Stratigraphy 2004, 1:47-64.
62. Mannion P.D., Upchurch P. Completeness metrics and the quality of the sauropodomorph fossil record through geological and historical time. Paleobiology 2010, 36:283-302.
63. Mannion P.D., Upchurch P., Carrano W.T., Barrett P.M. Testing the effect of the rock record on diversity: a multidisciplinary approach to elucidating the generic richness of sauropodomorph dinosaurs through time. Biological Reviews 2011, 86:157-181.
64. Marx F.G., Uhen M.D. Climate, critters, and cetaceans: Cenozoic drivers of the evolution of modern whales. Science 2010, 327:993-996.
65. Comparing the Geological and Fossil Records: Implications for Biodiversity Studies 2011, Geological Society, London, 247 pp. A.J. McGowan, A.B. Smith (Eds.).
66. McKinney M.L. Classifying and analysing evolutionary trends. Evolutionary Trends 1990, 28-58. Belhaven Press, London. K.J. McNamara (Ed.).
67. Milner A.R. The radiations of temnospondyl amphibians. Major Evolutionary Radiations 1990, 321-349. Clarendon Press, Oxford. P.D. Taylor, G.P. Larwood (Eds.).
68. Muttoni G., Kent D.V., Olsen P.E., Di Stefano P., Lowrie W., Bernasconi S.M., Hernández F.M. Tethyan magnetostratigraphy from Pizzo Mondelo (Sicily) and correlation to the Late Triassic Newark astrochronological polarity time scale. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 2004, 116:1043-1058.
69. Muttoni G., Kent D.V., Jadoul F., Olsen P.E., Rigo M., Galli M.T., Nicora A. Rhaetian magneto-biostratigraphy from the Southern Alps (Italy): constraints on Triassic chronology. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2010, 285:1-16.
70. Newell A.J., Tverdokhlebov V.P., Benton M.J. Interplay of tectonics and climate on a transverse fluvial system, Upper Permian, southern Uralian foreland basin, Russia. Sedimentary Geology 1999, 127:11-29.
71. Ogg J.G., Ogg G., Gradstein F.M. The Concise Geologic Time Scale 2008, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
72. Paul C.R.C. Adequacy, completeness and the fossil record. The Adequacy of the Fossil Record 1998, 1-22. Wiley, New York. S.K. Donovan, C.R.C. Paul (Eds.).
73. Payne J.L., Lehrmann D.J., Wei J.Y., Orchard M.J., Schrag D.P., Knoll A.H. Large perturbations of the carbon cycle during recovery from the end-Permian extinction. Science 2004, 305:506-509.
74. Peters S.E. Geologic constraints on the macroevolutionary history of marine animals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2005, 102:12326-12331.
75. Peters S.E. Macrostratigraphy of North America. Journal of Geology 2006, 114:391-412.
76. Peters S.E. Environmental determinants of extinction selectivity. Nature 2008, 454:626-629.
77. Peters S.E., Foote M. Biodiversity in the Phanerozoic: a reinterpretation. Paleobiology 2001, 27:583-601.
78. Peters S.E., Foote M. Determinants of extinction in the fossil record. Nature 2002, 416:420-424.
79. Peters S.E., Heim N.A. The geological completeness of paleontological sampling in North America. Paleobiology 2010, 36:61-79.
80. Peters S.E., Heim N.A. Stratigraphic distribution of marine fossils in North America. Geology 2011, 39:259-262.
81. Purnell M.A., Donoghue P.C.J. Between death and data: biases in interpretation of the fossil record of conodonts. Special Papers in Palaeontology 2005, 73:7-25.
82. R Development Core Team The R project for statistical computing, version 2.14.1 2011.
83. Ramezani J., Hoke G., Fastovsky D., Bowring S., Therrien F., Dworkin S., Atchley S., Nordt L. High-precision U Pb zircon geochronology of the Late Triassic Chinle Formation, Petrified Forest National Park (Arizona, USA): temporal constraints on the early evolution of dinosaurs. Geological Society of America Bulletin 2011, 123:2142-2159.
84. Raup D.M. Taxonomic diversity during the Phanerozoic. Science 1972, 177:1065-1071.
85. Raup D.M. Species diversity in the Phanerozoic: a tabulation. Paleobiology 1976, 2:279-288.
86. Raup D.M. Systematists follow the fossils. Paleobiology 1977, 3:328-329.
87. Reisz R.R., Laurin M. The reptile Macroleter: first vertebrate evidence for correlation of Upper Permian continental strata of North America and Russia. Geological Society of America Bulletin 2001, 113:1229-1233.
88. Ronov A.B. Phanerozoic transgressions and regressions on the continents: a quantitative approach based on areas flooded by the sea and areas of marine and continental deposition. American Journal of Science 1994, 294:777-801.
89. Rubidge B.S. Re-uniting lost continents-fossil reptiles from the ancient Karoo and their wanderlust. South African Journal of Geology 2005, 108:135-172.
90. Ruta M., Benton M.J. Calibrated diversity, tree topology and the mother of all mass extinctions: the lesson of the temnospondyls. Palaeontology 2008, 51:1261-1288.
91. Sahney S., Benton M.J., Falcon-Lang H.J. Rainforest collapse triggered Carboniferous tetrapod diversification in Euramerica. Geology 2010, 38:1079-1082.
92. Sepkoski J.J. Limits to randomness in paleobiologic models: the case of Phanerozoic species diversity. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 1994, 38:175-198.
93. Sepkoski J.J., Bambach R.K., Raup D.M., Valentine J.W. Phanerozoic marine diversity and the fossil record. Nature 1981, 293:435-437.
94. Sheehan P.M. Species diversity in the Phanerozoic: a reflection of labor by systematists?. Paleobiology 1977, 3:325-328.
95. Signor P.W. Species richness in the Phanerozoic: compensating for sampling bias. Geology 1982, 10:625-628.
96. Signor P.W. Real and apparent trends in species richness through time. Phanerozoic Diversity Patterns; Profiles in Macroevolution 1985, 129-150. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey. J.W. Valentine (Ed.).
97. Smith A.B. Large-scale heterogeneity of the fossil record: implications for Phanerozoic diversity studies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 2001, 356:351-367.
98. Smith A.B. Marine diversity through the Phanerozoic: problems and prospects. Journal of the Geological Society 2007, 164:731-745.
99. Smith A.B. Intrinsic versus extrinsic biases in the fossil record: contrasting the fossil record of echinoids in the Triassic and early Jurassic using sampling data, phylogenetic analysis, and molecular clocks. Paleobiology 2007, 33:310-323.
100. Smith, A.B., Benson, R.B.J., in press. Marine diversity in the geological record and its relationship to surviving bedrock area, lithofacies diversity, and original marine shelf area. Geology.
101. Smith A.B., McGowan A.J. The shape of the Phanerozoic marine palaeodiversity curve: how much can be predicted from the sedimentary rock record of Western Europe?. Palaeontology 2007, 50:1-10.
102. Smith A.B., McGowan A.J. Temporal patterns of barren intervals in the Phanerozoic. Paleobiology 2008, 34:155-161.
103. Smith A.B., McGowan A.J. The ties linking rock and fossil records and why they are important for palaeobiodiversity studies. Comparing the Geological and Fossil Records: Implications for Biodiversity Studies 2011, 1-7. Geological Society, London. A.J. McGowan, A.B. Smith (Eds.).
104. Stanley S.M. An analysis of the history of marine animal diversity. Paleobiology 2007, 33(Suppl. 4):1-55.
105. Sues H.-D., Reisz R.R. Origins and early evolution of herbivory in tetrapods. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 1998, 13:141-145.
106. Taylor G.K., Tucker C., Twitchett R.J., Kearsey T., Benton M.J., Newell A.J., Surkov M.V., Tverdokhlebov V.P. Magnetostratigraphy of Permian/Triassic boundary sequences in the Cis-Urals, Russia: no evidence for a major temporal hiatus. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2009, 281:36-47.
107. Upchurch P., Barrett P.M. Phylogenetic and taxic perspectives on sauropod diversity. The Sauropods: Evolution and paleobiology 2005, 104-124. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. K.A. Curry-Rogers, J.A. Wilson (Eds.).
108. Upchurch P., Mannion P.D., Benson R.B.J., Butler R.J., Carrano M.T. Geological and anthropogenic controls on the sampling of the terrestrial fossil record: a case study from the Dinosauria. Comparing the Geological and Fossil Records: Implications for Biodiversity Studies 2011, 209-240. Geological Society, London. A.J. McGowan, A.B. Smith (Eds.).
109. Valentine J.W. Patterns of taxonomic and ecological structure of the shelf benthos during Phanerozoic time. Palaeontology 1969, 12:684-709.
110. Vermeij G.J., Grosberg R.K. The great divergence: when did diversity on land exceed that in the sea. Integrative and Comparative Biology 2011, 50:675-682.
111. Wall P.D., Ivany L.C., Wilkinson B.H. Revisiting Raup: exploring the influence of outcrop area on diversity in light of modern sample-standardization techniques. Paleobiology 2009, 35:146-167.
112. Wall P.D., Ivany L.C., Wilkinson B.H. Impact of outcrop area on estimates of Phanerozoic terrestrial biodiversity trends. Comparing the Geological and Fossil Records: Implications for Biodiversity Studies 2011, 53-62. Geological Society, London. A.J. McGowan, A.B. Smith (Eds.).
113. Ward P.D., Montgomery D.R., Smith R.M.H. Altered river morphology in South Africa related to the Permian-Triassic extinction. Science 2000, 289:1741-1743.
114. Wignall P.B., Benton M.J. Lazarus taxa and fossil abundance at times of biotic crisis. Journal of the Geological Society 1999, 156:453-456.