Variability and risk analysis of Hong Kong air quality based on Monsoon and El Niño conditions

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 30, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 280-290

  Kim, Jong Suk ^a   Zhou, Wen ^a   Cheung, Ho Nam ^a   Chow, Chak Hang ^a  

^a CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

air quality; API risk; El Ni o La Ni a; Hong Kong; Monsoon

Indexed keywords

EID: 84873616200     PISSN: 02561530     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00376-012-2074-z     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Barbosa, S. M., 2008: Quantile trends in Baltic sea level. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L22704.
2. Bowman, A. W., and A. Azzalini, 1997: Applied Smoothing Techniques for Data Analysis: The Kernel Approach with S-Plus illustrations. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 193pp.
3. Chan, C. K., and X. H. Yao, 2008: Air pollution in mega cities in China. Atmos. Environ., 42(1), 1-42.
4. Chan, L. Y., C. Y. Chan, and Y. Qin, 1998: Surface ozone pattern in Hong Kong. J. Appl. Meteor., 37, 1153-1165.
5. Dayan, U., and I. Levy, 2005: The influence of meteorological conditions and atmospheric circulation types on PM10 and visibility in Tel Aviv. J. Appl. Meteor., 44, 606-619.
6. Deng, X. J., and Coauthors, 2008: Effects of Southeast Asia biomass burning on aerosols and ozone concentrations over the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. Atmos. Environ., 42(36), 8493-8501.
7. Elsner, J. B., J. P. Kossin, and T. H. Jagger, 2008: The increasing intensity of the strongest tropical cyclones. Nature, 455, doi: 10. 1038/nature07234.
8. Elsner, J. B., and K. B. Liu, 2003: Examining the ENSOtyphoon hypothesis. Climate Research, 25, 43-54.
9. Fan, X. Q., Z. B. Sun, and M. F. Su, 2009: A new method to discern haze using meteorological parameters and air pollution factors, 2009 1st International Conference on Information Science and Engineering, 4640-4656.
10. Gu, W., C. Y. Li, W. J. Li, W. Zhou, and J. C. L. Chan, 2009a: Interdecadal unstationary relationship between NAO and east China's summer precipitation patterns. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L13702. doi: 10. 1029/2009GL038843.
11. Gu, W., C. Y. Li, X. Wang, W. Zhou, and W. J. Li, 2009b: Linkage between Mei-yu precipitation and North Atlantic SST on the decadal timescale. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 26, 101-108, doi: 10. 1007/s00376-009-0101-5.
12. Guo, H., S. C. Lee, K. F. Ho, X. M. Wang, and S. C. Zou, 2003: Particle-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban air of Hong Kong. Atmos. Environ., 37(38), 5307-5317.
13. Kim, J. S., and S. Jain, 2010: High-resolution streamflow trend analysis applicable to annual decision calendars: a western United States case study. Climatic Change, 102, 699-707.
14. Kim, J. S., and S. Jain, 2011: Precipitation trends over the Korean peninsula: Typhoon-induced changes and a typology for characterizing climaterelated risk. Environ. Res. Lett., 6, 034033, doi: 10. 1088/1748-9326/6/3/034033.
15. Koenker, R., 2005: Quantile Regression, Cambridge University Press, New York, 366pp.
16. Lam, K. S., T. J. Wang, L. Y. Chan, T. Wang, and J. Harris, 2001: Flow patterns influencing the seasonal behavior of surface ozone and carbon smonoxide at a coastal site near Hong Kong. Atmos. Environ., 35, 3121-3135.
17. 2 levels in Hong Kong, Civic-exchange Environmental and Conservation reports. [Available online at http://www. civic-exchange. org/eng/upload/files/200506MarineSourceSO2. pdf].
18. Lee, T. C., W. M. Leung, and K. W. Chan, 2006: Climatological normal for Hong Kong 1971-2000, Hong Kong Observatory Technical Note (Local), 83, 31pp.
19. Leung, Y. K., and C. Y. Lam, 2008: Visibility impairment in Hong Kong - A wind attribution analysis. Bulletin of Hong Kong Meteorological Society, 18, 33-48.
20. Leung, Y. K., and M. C. Wu, and K. K. Yeung, 2008: A study on the relationship among visibility, atmospheric suspended particulate concentration and meteorological conditions in Hong Kong. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 66, 461-469. (in Chinese).
21. Liu, H., and J. C. L. Chan, 2002: An investigation of air-pollutant patterns under sea-land breezes during a severe air-pollution episode in Hong Kong. Atmos. Environ., 36(4), 591-601.
22. Louie, P. K. K., J. C. Chow, A. L. W. Chen, J. G. Watson, and D. W. M. Sin, 2005: PM 2. 5 chemical composition in Hong Kong: Urban and regional variations. Science of the Total Environment, 338, 267-281.
23. Lu, E., and J. C. L. Chan, 1999: A unified monsoon index for South China. J. Climate, 12, 2375-2385.
24. Rayner, N. A., D. E. Parker, E. B. Horton, C. K. Folland, L. V. Alexander, D. P. Rowell, E. C. Kent, and A. Kaplan, 2003: Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century. J. Geophys. Res., 108(D14), 4407, doi: 10. 1029/2002JD002670.
25. Samet, J., and D. Krewski, 2007: Health effects associated with exposure to ambient air pollution. Journal of Toxicology and Environment Health (Part A), 70, 227-242.
26. Sen Gupta, A., S. Jain, and J. S. Kim, 2011: Past climate, future perspective: An exploratory analysis using climate proxies and drought risk assessment to inform water resources management and policy in Maine, USA. Journal of Environmental Management, 92, 941-947.
27. Shao, M., X. Y. Tang, Y. H. Zhang, and W. J. Lia, 2006: City clusters in China: Air and surface water pollution. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 4(7), 353-361.
28. Tsal, Y. I., 2005: Atmospheric visibility trends in a urban area in Taiwan 1961-2003. Atmos. Environ., 39(30), 5555-5567.
29. Wang, L., W. Chen, W. Zhou, and R. H. Huang, 2009: Interannual variations of East Asian though axis at 500-hPa and its association with the East Asian winter monsoon pathway. J. Climate, 22, 600-614.
30. Wang, L., W. Chen, W. Zhou, J. C. L. Chan, D. Barriopedro, and R. H. Huang, 2010: Effect of the climate shift around mid 1970s on the relationship between wintertime Ural blocking circulation and East Asian climate. Int. J. Climatol., 30, 153-158.
31. Wei, K., W. Chen, and W. Zhou, 2011: Changes in the East Asian cold season since 2000. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 28, 69-79. doi: 10. 1007/s00376-010-9232-y.
32. Wu, D., X. Y. Bi, and X. J. Deng, 2006: Effect of atmospheric haze on the deterioration of visibility over the Pearl River Delta. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 64(4), 510-516. (in Chinese).
33. Wu, Q. Z., Z. F. Wang, A. Gbaguidi, X. Tang, and W. Zhou, 2010: Numerical study of the effect of traffic restriction on air quality in Beijing. SOLA, 6A, 17-20.
34. Yan, Z. W., J. J. Xia, C. Qian, and W. Zhou, 2011: Changes in seasonal cycle and extremes in China during the period 1960-2008. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 28, 269-283. doi: 10. 1007/s00376-010-0006-3.
35. Zhou, L. T., F. Tam., W. Zhou, and J. C. L. Chan, 2010: Influence of South China Sea SST and the ENSO on winter rainfall over South China. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 27, 832-844. doi: 10. 1007/s00376-009-9102-7.
36. Zhou, W., and J. C. L. Chan, 2005: Intraseaonal oscillations and the South China Sea summer monsoon onset. Int. J. Climatol., 25, 1585-1609.
37. Zhou, W., and J. C. L. Chan, 2007: ENSO and South China Sea summer monsoon onset. Int. J. Climatol., 27, 157-167.
38. Zhou, W., C. Y. Li, and J. C. L. Chan, 2006: The interdecadal variations of the summer monsoon rainfall over South China. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 93, 165-175.
39. Zhou, W., C. Y. Li, and X. Wang, 2007: Possible connection between Pacific oceanic interdecadal pathway and East Asian winter monsoon. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01701. doi: 10. 1029/2006GL027809.
40. Zhu, Y. L., H. J. Wang, W. Zhou, and J. H. Ma, 2011: Recent changes in the summer precipitation pattern in east China and the background circulation. Climate Dyn., 36, 1463-1473.