Nonspecific Effects of Vaccines and the Reduction of Mortality in Children

Clinical Therapeutics

Volumn 35, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 109-114

  Shann, Frank ^a  

^a ROYAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BCG VACCINE; DIPHTHERIA PERTUSSIS TETANUS VACCINE; INACTIVATED VACCINE; LIVE VACCINE; MEASLES VACCINE; POLIOMYELITIS VACCINE; RETINOL;

ARTICLE; CAUSE OF DEATH; CHILD; CHILDHOOD MORTALITY; CLINICAL PROTOCOL; DIPHTHERIA; DRUG EFFECT; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNIZATION; PERTUSSIS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RISK REDUCTION; TETANUS; TUBERCULOSIS;

BCG VACCINE; CHILD; CHILD MORTALITY; DIPHTHERIA-TETANUS-PERTUSSIS VACCINE; HUMANS; IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE; MEASLES VACCINE; VACCINES;

EID: 84873584822     PISSN: 01492918     EISSN: 1879114X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.01.007     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Shann F. The non-specific effects of vaccines. Arch Dis Child 2010, 95:662-667.
2. Shann F. The nonspecific effects of vaccines and the expanded program on immunization. J Infect Dis 2011, 204:182-184.
3. Kristensen I., Aaby P., Jensen H. Routine vaccinations and child survival: follow up study in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. BMJ 2000, 321:1435-1438.
4. Aaby P., Benn C.S., Nielsen J., et al. DTP vaccination and child survival in observational studies with incomplete vaccination data. Trop Med Int Health 2007, 12:15-24.
5. Farrington C.P., Firth M.J., Moulton L.H., et al. Epidemiological studies of the non-specific effects of vaccines: II-methodological issues in the design and analysis of cohort studies. Trop Med Int Health 2009, 14:977-985.
6. Meeting of Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, June 18-19, 2008. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2008, 83:287-292. World Health Organization.
7. Aaby P., Roth A., Ravn H., et al. Randomized trial of BCG vaccination at birth to low-birth-weight children: beneficial nonspecific effects in the neonatal period?. J Infect Dis 2011, 204:245-252.
8. Biering-Sorensen S., Aaby P., Napirna B., et al. Small randomized trial among low-birth-weight children of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination at first health center contact. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012, 31:306-308.
9. Roth A., Benn C., Ravn H., et al. Effect of revaccination with BCG in early childhood on mortality: randomised trial in Guinea-Bissau. BMJ 2010, 340:c671.
10. Aaby P., Martins C.L., Garly M.-L., et al. Non-specific effects of standard measles vaccine at 4.5 and 9 months of age on childhood mortality: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2010, 341:c6495.
11. Aaby P., Ravn H., Roth A., et al. Early diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccination associated with higher female mortality and no difference in male mortality in a cohort of low birthweight children: an observational study within a randomised trial. Arch Dis Child 2012, 97:685-691.
12. Aaby P., Jensen H., Gomes J., et al. The introduction of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine and child mortality in rural Guinea-Bissau: an observational study. Int J Epidemiol 2004, 33:374-380.
13. Shann F. Commentary: BCG vaccination halves neonatal mortality. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012, 31:308-309.
14. The State of the World's Children 2011: Adolescence-An Age of Opportunity. United Nations 2011, UNICEF.
15. Kleinnijenhuis J., Quintin J., Preijers F., et al. BCG induces NOD2-dependent protection to reinfection via epigenetic reprogramming of monocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2012, 109:17537-17542.
16. Mathurin K.S., Martens G.W., Kornfeld H., Welsh R.M. CD4 T-cell-mediated heterologous immunity between mycobacteria and poxviruses. J Virol 2009, 83:3528-3539.
17. Breiman R.F., Streatfield P.K., Phelan M., et al. Effect of infant immunisation on childhood mortality in rural Bangladesh: analysis of health and demographic surveillance data. Lancet 2004, 364:2204-2211.
18. Elguero E., Simondon K.B., Vaugelade J., et al. Non-specific effects of vaccination on child survival?. A prospective study in Senegal. Trop Med Int Health 2005, 10:956-960.
19. Clark A., Sanderson C. Timing of children's vaccinations in 45 low-income and middle-income countries: an analysis of survey data. Lancet 2009, 373:1543-1549.
20. Lee B.Y., Norman B.A., Assi T.-M., et al. Single versus multi-dose vaccine vials: an economic computational model. Vaccine 2010, 28:5292-5300.
21. Roth A., Garly M.L., Jensen H., et al. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination and infant mortality. Expert Rev Vaccines 2006, 5:277-293.
22. Aaby P., Samb B., Simondon F., et al. Non-specific beneficial effect of measles immunisation: analysis of mortality studies from developing countries. BMJ 1995, 311:481-485.
23. Noho-Konteh F., Forster T., Adetifa J., et al. Effect of combining diphtheria, tetanus, whole cell pertussis (DTwP) and measles vaccines on vaccine-specific and non-specific host responses. Presented at: 7th World Congress of the World Society for Pediatric Infectious Disease November 16-19, 2011, Poster 134.
24. Clark I.A. Heterologous immunity revisited. Parasitology 2001, 122(Suppl):S51-S59.
25. Welsh R.M., Fujinami R.S. Pathogenic epitopes, heterologous immunity and vaccine design. Nat Rev Microbiol 2007, 5:555-563.
26. Didierlaurent A., Goulding J., Hussell T. The impact of successive infections on the lung microenvironment. Immunology 2007, 122:457-465.
27. Ota M.O.C., Vekemans J., Schlegel-Haueter S.E., et al. Influence of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin on antibody and cytokine responses to human neonatal vaccination. J Immunol 2002, 168:919-925.
28. Preston S. Mortality patterns in national populations 1976, Academic Press, New York, New York.
29. Muller A.S., Leeuwenburg J., Pratt D.S. Pertussis: epidemiology and control. Bull World Health Organ 1986, 64:321-331.
30. Fine P., Elliman D. Non-specific effects of vaccines: in context. Arch Dis Child 2010, 95:661.
31. Shann F., Nohynek H., Scott J.A., et al. Randomized trials to study the nonspecific effects of vaccines in children in low-income countries. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2010, 29:457-461.