Modelling wind speeds for cup anemometers mounted on opposite sides of a lattice tower: A case study

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Volumn 115, Issue , 2013, Pages 173-183

  Farrugia, Robert N ^a   Sant, Tonio ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MALTA   (Malta)

Author keywords

Cup anemometers; Lattice tower; Levenberg Marquardt algorithm; Wind speed ratios

Indexed keywords

ANEMOMETERS; SPEED; TOWERS; WIND EFFECTS; WIND POWER;

CASE-STUDIES; CUP ANEMOMETERS; HORIZONTAL WINDS; LATTICE TOWERS; LEVENBERG-MARQUARDT ALGORITHM; SPEED RATIO; SPEED READING; STRUCTURE CONSTRUCTIONS; WIND SPEED; WIND SPEED RATIO;

WIND SPEED;

EID: 84873495370     PISSN: 01676105     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2012.11.006     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Coquilla, R.V. and J. Obermeier, 2008. Calibration Speed Range for Rotating Anemometers Used in Wind Energy Applications. AIAA—ASME Symposium. (accessed Online in August 2012) at: 〈http://otechwind.com/wp-content/uploads/calibration-speed-range-aiaa-asme-symposium-2008-paper.pdf〉.
2. Dabberdt, W.F., 1968. Tower-induced errors in wind profile measurements. Journal of Applied Meteorology, American Meteorological Society (AMS), USA. 7, 359–366.
3. Farrugia, R.N., Sant,T., 2011. Wied Rini II—A five year wind survey at Malta. Wind Engineering, Multi-Science Publishing Company, U.K. 35 (4), 419–432.
4. Gavin, H., 2011. The Levenberg–Marquardt Method for Nonlinear Least Squares Curve-Fitting Problems, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, U.S.A. (accessed online in March 2012) at: 〈http://www.duke.edu/∼hpgavin/ce281/lm.pdf〉.
5. Hansen, M.O.L., Pedersen, B.M., 1999. Influence of the meteorology mast on a cup anemometer. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), U.S.A. 2, 128–131.
6. IEC (2005). Wind Turbines—Part 12-1: Power Performance Measurements of Electricity Producing Wind Turbines. IEC 61400-12-1, Geneva, Switzerland.
7. Kline, J., 2002. Effects of Tubular Anemometer Towers on Wind Speed Measurements, RAM Associates, Brentwood, CA, U.S.A. (accessed online in August 2012) at: 〈http://ramwind.com/publications/EFFECTS_OF_TUBULAR_ANEMOMETER_TOWERS_ON_WIND_SPEED_MEASUREMENTS.pdf〉.
8. Lavagnini, A., Sempreviva, A.M., Transerici, C., Accadia, C., Casaioli, M., Mariani, S., Speranza, A., Offshore wind climatology over the Mediterranean Basin. Wind Energy, 2006, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., U.K. 9, 251–266.
9. Lindelöw-Marsden, P., Pedersen, T.F. et al. (August 2010). Flow Distortion on Boom Mounted Cup Anemometers, Risø DTU, National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy. Risø-R-1738(EN). (accessed online in August 2012) at: 〈http://orbit.dtu.dk/fedora/objects/orbit:82841/datastreams/file_5113326/content〉.
10. Lubitz, W.D., 2009. Effects of tower shadowing on anemometer data. 11th Americas Conference on Wind Engineering, San Juan, PR, U.S.A. (accessed Online in August 2012) at: 〈http://www.soe.uoguelph.ca/webfiles/wlubitz/Lubitz%2011thACWE%20San%20Juan%20Puerto%20Rico%202009.pdf〉.
11. Gouveia, F.J., Leach, M.J., et al., 2007. Use of a large crane for wind and tracer profiles in an urban setting. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, American Meteorological Society (AMS), U.S.A. 24, 1750–1756.
12. Manwell, J.F., McGowan, J.G., Rogers, A.L., Wind Energy Explained—Theory. Design and Application, 2003, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., UK.
13. Marquardt, D., 1963. An algorithm for least-squares estimation of non-linear parameters. Journal of the Society of Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, U.S.A. 11 (2), 431–441.
14. Mathcad Ver. 15.0, 2010. Parametric Technology Corporation, Needham, MA, U.S.A.
15. MEASNET, International Network for Harmonised and Recognised Measurements in Wind Energy, Madrid, Spain. (accessed online in August 2012) at: 〈http://www.measnet.com/〉.
16. MEASNET, 2009. Evaluation of Site Specific Wind Conditions. MEASNET Organisation. (accessed online in November 2012) at: 〈http://www.measnet.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Measnet_SiteAssessment_V1-0.pdf〉.
17. NREL, Wind Resource Assessment Handbook. Prepared by AWS Scientific, Inc. Albany, U.S.A., for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, U.S.A. NREL Subcontract No. TAT-5-15283-01. (accessed online in October 2012) at: 〈http://www.nrel.gov/wind/pdfs/22223.pdf〉.
18. Orlando, S., Bale, A., Experimental study of the effect of tower shadow on anemometer readings. Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2011, Elsevier. 99, 1–6.
19. Peña, A., Hasager, C.B., Gryning, S., Courtney, M., Antoniou, I., Mikkelsen, T., Offshore wind profiling using light detection and ranging measurements. Wind Energy, 2009, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., U.K. 12(2), 105–124.
20. Peña, A., Private Communication to authors, 2011.
21. Probst, O., Cárdenas, D., 2010. State of the art and trends in wind resource assessment. Energies, MDPI AG, Switzerland. 20103, 1087–1141.
22. Second Wind, Inc, Newton, MA, U.S.A.
23. Second Wind, 2012. More Information about the C3 Anemometer. (accessed online in August 2012) from: 〈http://www.secondwind.com/Sensors/C3-anemometer.html〉.