Explosive subglacial rhyolitic eruptions in Iceland are fuelled by high magmatic H2O and closed-system degassing

Geology

Volumn 41, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 251-254

  Owen, Jacqueline ^a   Tuffen, Hugh ^a   McGarvie, David W ^b  

^a LANCASTER UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b OPEN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASCENT RATE; BEHAVIORAL CONTROL; ICELANDIC GLACIERS; ICELANDICS; ICELANDS; MAGMA ASCENTS; MELT INCLUSIONS; RHYOLITE ERUPTIONS; RHYOLITIC; RHYOLITIC ERUPTIONS; TEPHRA LAYERS; VOLATILE CONTENTS;

GRANITE; SECONDARY ION MASS SPECTROMETRY;

DEGASSING;

DEGASSING; EXPLOSIVE VOLCANISM; RHYOLITE; SUBGLACIAL ENVIRONMENT; VOLCANIC ERUPTION;

ICELAND; TORFAJOKULL;

EID: 84873478382     PISSN: 00917613     EISSN: 19432682     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1130/G33647.1     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Austin-Erickson, A., Büttner, R., Dellino, P., Ort, M.H., and Zimanowski, B., 2008, Phreatomagmatic explosions of rhyolitic magma: Experimental and field evidence: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 113, B11201, doi:10.1029/2008JB005731.
2. Brendryen, J., Haflidason, H., and Sejrup, H.P. 2010, Norwegian Sea tephrostratigraphy of marine isotope stages 4 and 5: Prospects and problems for tephrochronology in the North Atlantic region: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 29, p. 847-864, doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.12.004.
3. Cashman, K.V., 2004, Volatile controls on magma ascent and eruption, in Sparks, R.S.J., and Hawkesworth, C.J., eds., The State of the Planet: Frontiers and Challenges in Geophysics, Volume 150: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, p. 109-124.
4. Eichelberger, J.C., Carrigan, C.R., Westrich, H.R., and Price, R.H., 1986, Non-explosive silicic volcanism: Nature, v. 323, p. 598-602, doi:10.1038 /323598a0.
5. Elders, W.A., and 12 others, 2011, Origin of a rhyolite that intruded a geothermal well while drilling at the Krafla volcano, Iceland: Geology, v. 39, p. 231-234, doi:10.1130/G31393.1.
6. Furnes, H., Fridleifsson, I.B., and Atkins, F.B., 1980, Subglacial volcanics-On the formation of acid hyaloclastites: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 8, p. 95-110, doi:10.1016 /0377-0273(80)90009-8.
7. Gu{eth}mundsson, M.T., 2005, 6. Subglacial volcanic activity in Iceland, in Caseldine, C., Russell, A., Har{eth}ardóttir, J., and Knudsen, Ó, eds., Developments in Quaternary Sciences, Volume 5: New York, Elsevier, p. 127-151.
8. Gu{eth}mundsson, M.T., Sigmundsson, F., Björnsson, H., and Högnadóttir, T., 2004, The 1996 eruption at Gjálp, Vatnajökull ice cap, Iceland: efficiency of heat transfer, ice deformation and subglacial water pressure: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 66, p. 46-65, doi:10.1007/s00445-003-0295-9.
9. Humphreys, M.C.S., Edmonds, M., Christopher, T., and Hards, V., 2009, Chlorine variations in the magma of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat: Insights from Cl in hornblende and melt inclusions: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 73, p. 5693-5708, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2009.06.014.
10. Jaupart, C., 1998, Gas loss from magmas through conduit walls during eruption, in Gilbert, J.S., and Sparks, R.S.J., eds., The Physics of Explosive Volcanic Eruptions: Geological Society of London Special Publication 145, p. 73-90.
11. Johnson, M.C., Anderson, A.T., and Rutherford, M.J., 1994, Pre-eruptive volatile contents of magmas: Volatiles in Magmas, v. 30, p. 281-330.
12. Jónasson, K., 2007, Silicic volcanism in Iceland: Composition and distribution within the active volcanic zones: Journal of Geodynamics, v. 43, p. 101-117, doi:10.1016/j.jog.2006.09.004.
13. Lipman, P.W., Banks, N.G., and Rhodes, J.M., 1985, Degassing-induced crystallization of basaltic magma and effects on lava rheology: Nature, v. 317, p. 604-607, doi:10.1038/317604a0.
14. Lowenstern, J.B., 1995, Applications of silicate-melt inclusions to the study of magmatic volatiles, in Thompson, J.F.H., ed., Magmas, Fluids and Ore Deposits: Mineralogical Association of Canada Short-Course Volume 23, p. 71-99.
15. Macdonald, R., Sparks, R.S.J., Sigurdsson, H., Mattey, D.P., McGarvie, D.W., and Smith, R.L., 1987, The 1875 Eruption of Askja Volcano, Iceland-Combined Fractional Crystallization and Selective Contamination in the Generation of Rhyolitic Magma: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 51, p. 183-202, doi:10.1180/minmag.1987.051.360.01.
16. MacDonald, R., McGarvie, D.W., Pinkerton, H., Smith, R.L., and Palavz, A., 1990, Petrogenetic evolution of the Torfajökull Volcanic Complex, Iceland I. Relationship between the magma types: Journal of Petrology, v. 31, p. 429-459, doi:10.1093/petrology/31.2.429.
17. Martel, C., Pichavant, M., Bourdier, J.L., Traineau, H., Holtz, F., and Scaillet, B., 1998, Magma storage conditions and control of eruption regime in silicic volcanoes: Experimental evidence from Mt. Pelée: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 156, p. 89-99, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X (98)00003-X.
18. Martin, E., and Sigmarsson, O., 2007, Crustal thermal state and origin of silicic magma in Iceland: The case of Torfajökull, Ljósufjöll and Snæfellsjökull volcanoes: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 153, p. 593-605, doi:10.1007/s00410-006-0165-5.
19. McGarvie, D.W., 1984, Torfajökull: A volcano dominated by magma mixing: Geology, v. 12, p. 685-688, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1984)12<685: TAVDBM>2.0.CO;2.
20. McGarvie, D.W., 2009, Rhyolitic volcano-ice interactions in Iceland: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 185, p. 367-389, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.11.019.
21. McGarvie, D.W., Burgess, R., Tindle, A.G., Tuffen, H., and Stevenson, J.A., 2006, Pleistocene rhyolitic volcanism at Torfajökull, Iceland: Eruption ages, glaciovolcanism, and geochemical evolution: Jökull, v. 56, p. 57-75.
22. McGarvie, D.W., Stevenson, J.A., Burgess, R., Tuffen, H., and Tindle, A.G., 2007, Volcanoice interactions at Prestahnúkur, Iceland: rhyolite eruption during the last interglacial-glacial transition: Annals of Glaciology, v. 45, p. 38-47, doi:10.3189/172756407782282453.
23. Nichols, A.R.L., Carroll, M.R., and Hoskuldsson, A., 2002, Is the Iceland hot spot also wet? Evidence from the water contents of undegassed submarine and subglacial pillow basalts: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 202, p. 77-87, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00758-6.
24. Owen, J., Tuffen, H., and McGarvie, D.W., 2012, Using dissolved H2O in rhyolitic glasses to estimate palaeo-ice thickness during a subglacial eruption at Bláhnúkur (Torfajökull, Iceland): Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 74, p. 1355-1378, doi:10.1007/s00445-012-0601-5.
25. Petersen, G.N., Bjornsson, H., and Arason, P., 2012, The impact of the atmosphere on the Eyjafjallajökull 2010 eruption plume: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 117, D00U07, doi:10.1029/2011JD016762.
26. Sharma, K., Self, S., Blake, S., Thordarson, T., and Larsen, G., 2008, The AD 1362 Öræfajökull eruption, S.E. Iceland: Physical volcanology and volatile release: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 178, p. 719-739, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.08.003.
27. Sigurdsson, H., 1977, Generation of Icelandic rhyolites by melting of plagiogranites in the oceanic layer: Nature, v. 269, p. 25-28, doi:10.1038 /269025a0.
28. Sparks, R.S.J., Murphy, M.D., Lejeune, A.M., Watts, R.B., Barclay, J., and Young, S.R., 2000, Control on the emplacement of the andesite lava dome of the Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat by degassing-induced crystallization: Terra Nova, v. 12, p. 14-20, doi:10.1046/j.1365-3121.2000.00267.x.
29. 2 concentrations of rhyolitic (silica-rich) melt inclusions, and implications for magma degassing paths, in Bakker, R.J., Baumgartner, M., and Doppler, G., eds., Proceedings, European Current Research on Fluid Inclusions (ECROFI-XXI), Montanuniversität Leoben, Austria, 2011: Wien, Austria, Geologische Bundesanstalt, p. 188-189.
30. Stevenson, J.A., Gilbert, J.S., McGarvie, D.W., and Smellie, J.L., 2011, Explosive rhyolite tuya formation: Classic examples from Kerlingarfjöll, Iceland: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 30, p. 192-209, doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.10.011.
31. Tuffen, H., 2010, How will melting of ice affect volcanic hazards in the 21st century?: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, v. 368, p. 2535-2558, doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0063.
32. Tuffen, H., Gilbert, J., and McGarvie, D., 2001, Products of an effusive subglacial rhyolite eruption: Bláhnúkur, Torfajökull, Iceland: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 63, p. 179-190, doi:10.1007 /s004450100134.
33. Tuffen, H., McGarvie, D.W., Gilbert, J.S., and Pinkerton, H., 2002, Physical volcanology of a subglacial-to-emergent rhyolitic tuya at Rau{eth}ufossafjöll, Torfajökull, Iceland, in Smellie, J.L., and Chapman, M.G., eds., Volcano-Ice interaction on Earth and Mars: Geological Society of London Special Publication 202, p. 213-236.
34. Tuffen, H., McGarvie, D.W., and Gilbert, J.S., 2007, Will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? Some insights from analytical models: Annals of Glaciology, v. 45, p. 87-94, doi:10.3189/172756407782282534.
35. Tuffen, H., McGarvie, D.W., Pinkerton, H., Gilbert, J.S., and Brooker, R.A., 2008, An explosive-intrusive subglacial rhyolite eruption at Dalakvísl, Torfajökull, Iceland: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 70, p. 841-860, doi:10.1007/s00445-007-0174-x.
36. Tuffen, H., Owen, J., and Denton, J., 2010, Magma degassing during subglacial eruptions and its use to reconstruct palaeo-ice thicknesses: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 99, p. 1-18, doi:10.1016 /j.earscirev.2010.01.001.
37. Villemant, B., and Boudon, G., 1998, Transition from dome-forming to plinian eruptive styles controlled by H2O and Cl degassing: Nature, v. 392, p. 65-69, doi:10.1038/32144.
38. Villemant, B., Boudon, G., Nougrigat, S., Poteaux, S., and Michel, A., 2003, Water and halogens in volcanic clasts: tracers of degassing processes during Plinian and dome-building eruptions, in Oppenheimer, C., Pyle, D.M., and Barclay, J., eds., Volcanic Degassing: Geological Society of London Special Publication 213, p. 63-79.
39. 2O vapour-melt partitioning of halogens at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat (Lesser Antilles): Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 269, p. 212-229, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.02.014.
40. Webster, J.D., and De Vivo, B. 2002, Experimental and modeled solubilities of chlorine in aluminosilicate melts, consequences of magma evolution, and implications for exsolution of hydrous chloride melt at Mt. Somma-Vesuvius: The American Mineralogist, v. 87, p. 1046-1061.