Extension of continental crust by anelastic deformation during the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake: The role of extensional faulting in the generation of a great tsunami

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Volumn 364, Issue , 2013, Pages 44-58

  Tsuji, Takeshi ^a   Kawamura, Kiichiro ^b   Kanamatsu, Toshiya ^c   Kasaya, Takafumi ^c   Fujikura, Katsunori ^c   Ito, Yoshihiro ^d   Tsuru, Tetsuro ^e   Kinoshita, Masataka ^c  

^a KYUSHU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b YAMAGUCHI UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^c JAPAN AGENCY FOR MARINE EARTH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

^d TOHOKU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^e R and D Center Research and Safety and Technology Management Unit   (Japan)

Author keywords

2011 Tohoku oki earthquake; Anelastic deformation; Heat flow; Normal fault; Seafloor observations; Tsunami mechanisms

Indexed keywords

ANELASTIC DEFORMATION; BACKGROUND VALUE; CONTINENTAL CRUSTS; EXTENSIONAL FAULTING; EXTENSIONAL FAULTS; NORMAL FAULTS; SEA FLOOR; SEAFLOOR BATHYMETRY; SEISMIC PROFILES; SOURCE AREA; TSUNAMIGENIC;

DEFORMATION; FAULTING; HEAT TRANSFER; PLATES (STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS); SEDIMENTATION; SEISMIC WAVES; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY; TSUNAMIS;

EARTHQUAKES;

CONTINENTAL CRUST; DEFORMATION; EARTHQUAKE RUPTURE; FAULTING; HEAT FLOW; NORMAL FAULT; PLATE TECTONICS; SEAFLOOR; SEISMIC SOURCE; TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE 2011; TSUNAMI;

CALLUNA VULGARIS;

EID: 84873472145     PISSN: 0012821X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2012.12.038     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Asano Y., Saito T., Ito Y., Shiomi K., Hirose H., Matsumoto T., Aoi S., Hori S., Sekiguchi S. Spatial distribution and focal mechanisms of aftershocks of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. Earth Planets Space 2011, 63:669-673.
2. Conin M., Henry P., Godard V., Bourlange S. Splay fault slip in a subduction margin, a new model of evolution. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2012, 341-344:170-175.
3. Davis E., Becker K., Wang K., Obara K., Ito Y., Kinoshita M. A discrete episode of seismic and aseismic deformation of the Nankai trough subduction zone accretionary prism and incoming Philippine Sea plate. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2006, 242:73-84.
4. Davis E., Villinger H. Transient formation fluid pressures and temperatures in the Costa Rica forearc prism and subducting oceanic basement CORK monitoring at ODP Sites 1253 and 1255. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2006, 245:232-244.
5. DeMets C., Gordon R.G., Argus D.F., Stein S. Current plate motions. Geophys. J. Int. 1990, 101:425-478.
6. Fujii Y., Satake K., Sakai S., Shinohara M., Kanazawa T. Tsunami source of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku, Japan earthquake. Earth Planets Space 2011, 63:815-820.
7. Fujiwara T., Kodaira S., No T., Kaiho Y., Takahashi N., Kaneda Y. The 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake: displacement reaching the trench axis. Science 2011, 334:1240.
8. Grilli S.T., et al. Numerical simulation of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami based on a new transient FEM co-seismic source: comparison to far- and near-field observations. Pure Appl. Geophys. 2012, 10/1007/s0024-012-0528-y.
9. Gulick S.P.S., Austin J.A., McNeill L.M., Bangs N.L., Martin K.M., Henstock T.J., Bull J.M., Dean S.M., Djajadihardja Y.S., Permana H. Updip rupture of the 2004 Sumatra earthquake extended by thick indurated sediments. Nat. Geosci. 2011, 4:453.
10. Hayashi Y., Tsushima H., Hirata K., Kimura K., Maeda K. Tsunami source area of the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake determined from tsunami arrival times at offshore observation stations. Earth Planets Space 2011, 63:809-813.
11. Henstock T.J., McNeill L.C., Tappin D.R. Seafloor morphology of the Sumatran subduction zone: surface rupture during megathrust earthquakes?. Geology 2006, 34:485-488.
12. Hirata K., Geist E.L., Satake K., Tanioka Y., Yamaki S. Slip distribution of the 1952 Tokachi-Oki earthquake (M8.1) along the Kuril Trench deduced from tsunami waveform inversion. J. Geophys. Res. 2003, 108:2196. 10.1029/2002JB001976.
13. Ide S., Baltay A., Beroza B.C. Shallow dynamic overshoot and energetic deep rupture in the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. Science 2011, 332:1426. 10.1126/science.1207020.
14. Iinuma T., et al. Coseismic slip distribution of the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake (M9.0) refined by means of seafloor geodetic data. J. Geophys. Res. 2012, 117:B07409. 10.1029/2012JB009186.
15. Ito Y., Tsuji T., Osada Y., Kido M., Inazu D., Hayashi Y., Tsushima H., Hino R., Fujimoto H. Frontal wedge deformation near the source region of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2011, 38:L00G05. 10.1029/2011GL048355.
16. Ito, Y., et al., Episodic slow-slip events in the Japan subduction zone before the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. Tectonophysics, in press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2012.08.022.
17. Japan Coast Guard (JCG), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) Compilation of the Japan Trench bathymetry data collected by Japan Coast Guard and JAMSTEC. Newsl. Seismol. Soc. Jpn. 2011, 23:35-36.
18. Kanamori H. Mechanism of tsunami earthquakes. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 1972, 6:246.
19. Kanamori H., Kikuchi M. The 1992 Nicaragua earthquake: a slow tsunami earthquake associated with subducted sediments. Nature 1993, 361:714-716.
20. Kawagucci S., et al. Disturbance of deep-sea environments induced by the M9.0 Tohoku Earthquake. Sci. Rep. 2012, 2:270. 10.1038/srep00270.
21. Kawamura K., Sasaki T., Kanamatsu T., Sakaguchi A., Ogawa Y. Large submarine landslides in the Japan Trench: a new scenario for additional tsunami generation. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2012, 39:L05308. 10.1029/2011GL050661.
22. Kerr R.A. New work reinforces megaquake's harsh lessons in geoscience. Science 2011, 332:911. 10.1126/science.332.6032.911.
23. Kido M., Osada Y., Fujimoto H., Hino R., Ito Y. Trench-normal variation in observed seafloor displacements associated with the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2011, 38:L24303. 10.1029/2011GL050057.
24. Kimura G., Hina S., Hamada Y., Kameda J., Tsuji T., Kinoshita M., Yamaguchi A. Runaway slip to the trench due to rupture of highly pressurized megathrust beneath the middle trench slope: the tsunamigenesis of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake off the east coast of northern Japan. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2012, 339-340:32-45.
25. Kodaira S., No T., Nakamura Y., Fujiwara T., Kaiho Y., Miura S., Takahashi N., Kaneda Y., Taira A. Coseismic fault rupture at the trench axis during the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake. Nat. Geosci. 2012, 5:646-650. 10.1038/ngeo1547.
26. w 9.0). Geophys. Res. Lett. 2011, 38:L21309. 10.1029/2011GL049689.
27. Lay T., Ammon C.J., Kanamori H., Xue L., Kim M.J. Possible large near-trench slip during the 2011 Mw 9.0 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. Earth Planets Space 2011, 63:687-692.
28. Maeda T., Furumura T., Sakai S., Shinohara M. Significant tsunami observed at ocean-bottom pressure gauges during the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. Earth Planets Space 2011, 63:803-808.
29. McKenzie D., Jackson J. Tsunami earthquake generation by the release of gravitational potential energy. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2012, 345-348:1-8.
30. Murauchi, S., Ludwig, W.J., 1980. Crustal Structure of the Japan Trench: the Effect of Subduction of Oceanic Crust. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 56/57, pp. 463-470.
31. Nakanishi A., Smith A.J., Miura S., Tsuru T., Kodaira S., Obana K., Takahashi N., Cummins P.R., Kaneda Y. Structural factors controlling the coseismic rupture zone of the 1973 Nemuro-Oki earthquake, the southern Kuril Trench seismogenic zone. J. Geophys. Res. 2004, 109:B05305. 10.1029/2003JB002574.
32. Obana, K., Shinohara, M., Yamada, T., Uehira, K., Hino, R., Shiobara, H., Nakahigashi, K., Sugioka, H., Ito, A., Nakamura, Y., No, T., Miura, S., Kodaira, S., Takahashi, N., 2012. Near-trench aftershocks of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake based on ocean bottom seismograph observations. 2012 AGU Fall Meeting, T21F-05.
33. Okamura Y., Tsujino T., Arai K., Sasaki T., Satake K., Joshima M. Fore arc structure and plate boundary earthquake sources along the southwestern Kuril subduction zone. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113:B06305. 10.1029/2007JB005246.
34. Ranero C.R., von Huene R. Subduction erosion along the Middle America convergent margin. Nature 2000, 404:748-752.
35. Ranero C.R., von Huene R., Flueh E., Duarte M., Baca D., McIntosh K. A cross section of the convergent Pacific margin of Nicaragua. Tectonics 2000, 19:335-357.
36. Ranero C.R., von Huene R., Weinrebe W., Reichert C. Tectonic Processes along the Chile Convergent Margin, The Andes-Active Subduction Orogeny 2006, Springer, Berlin, pp. 91-121.
37. Ranero C.R., et al. The hydrogeological system of erosional convergent margins and its influence on tectonics and interplate seismogenesis. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2008, 9(1-18):Q03S04. 10.1029/2007GC001679.
38. Ryan H., von Huene R., Scholl D., Kirby S. Tsunami hazards to US coasts from giant earthquakes in Alaska. Eos Trans. AGU 2012, 93(19):185. 10.1029/2012EO190001.
39. Saffer D., Tobin H. Hydrogeology and mechanics of subduction zone forearcs: fluid flow and pore pressure. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2011, 39:157-186.
40. Satake K. Mechanism of the 1992 Nicaragua tsunami earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1994, 21:2519-2522.
41. Sato M., Ishikawa T., Ujihara N., Yoshida S., Fujita M., Mochizuki M., Asada A. Displacement above the hypocenter of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. Science 2011, 332:1395. 10.1126/science.1207401.
42. Solomon E.A., et al. Long-term hydrogeochemical records in the oceanic basement and forearc prism at the Costa Rica subduction zone. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2009, 282:240-251.
43. Suyehiro K., Nishizawa A. Crustal structure and seismicity beneath the forearc off northeastern Japan. J. Geophys. Res. 1994, 99:22331-22347. 10.1029/94JB01337.
44. Tanioka Y., Satake K. Tsunami generation by horizontal displacement of ocean bottom. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1996, 23:861-864.
45. Tsuji T., Ito Y., Kido M., Osada Y., Fujimoto H., Ashi J., Kinoshita M., Matsuoka T. Potential tsunamigenic faults of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. Earth Planets Space 2011, 63:831-834.
46. Tsuru T., Park J.-O., Miura S., Kodaira S., Kido Y., Hayashi T. Along-arc structural variation of the plate boundary at the Japan Trench margin: implication of interplate coupling. J. Geophys. Res. 2002, 107:2357. 10.1029/2001JB001664.
47. von Huene R., Klaeschen D., Cropp B. Tectonic structure across the accretionary and erosional parts of the Japan Trench margin. J. Geophys. Res. 1994, 99:22349-22361.
48. von Huene R., Ranero C.R., Vannucchi P. Generic model of subduction erosion. Geology 2004, 32:913-916.
49. Wang K., Hu Y. Accretionary prisms in subduction earthquake cycles: the theory of dynamic Coulomb wedge. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, 111:B06410. 10.1029/2005JB004094.
50. Yamanaka Y., Kikuchi M. Asperity map along the subduction zone in northeastern Japan inferred from regional seismic data. J. Geophys. Res. 2004, 109:B07307. 10.1029/2003JB002683.
51. Yamano, M., Hamamoto, H., Kawada, Y., Ray, L., 2010. Heat flow distribution in the northern Japan Trench area and temperature anomaly in the upper part of the Pacific plate. Japan Geoscience Union Meeting, SCG086-10.
52. Yamano M., Kinoshita M., Goto S. High heat flow anomalies on an old oceanic plate observed seaward of the Japan Trench. Int. J. Earth Sci. 2008, 97:345-352.
53. Yilmaz O. Seismic Data Analysis 2001, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK.