Using exergy to correlate energy research investments and efficiencies: Concept and case studies

Entropy

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 262-286

  Rosen, Marc A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ONTARIO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Economic; Efficiency; Energy; Exergy; Investment; Research

Indexed keywords

EID: 84873131471     PISSN: None     EISSN: 10994300     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/e15010262     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries, 2004-2005, 2007 Edition; International Energy Agency: Paris, France, 2007.
2. Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2004-2005, 2007 Edition; International Energy Agency: Paris, France, 2007.
3. Rosen, M.A. Evaluation of energy utilization efficiency in Canada using energy and exergy analyses. Energy 1992, 17, 339-350.
4. 2 Fixation and Efficient Utilization of Energy, Tokyo, Japan, 1993; pp. 17-26.
5. Dincer, I.; Rosen, M.A. Exergy.: Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development, 2nd ed.; Elsevier: Oxford, UK, 2013.
6. Moran, M.J.; Shapiro, H.N.; Boettner, D.D.; Bailey, M.B. Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, 7th ed.; Wiley: New York, NY, USA, 2011.
7. Bryant, J. A thermodynamic theory of economics. Int.J. Exergy. 2007, 4, 302-337.
8. Gogus, Y.A. Thermoeconomic optimization. Int.J. Exergy Res. 2005, 29, 559-580.
9. Tsatsaronis, G. A review of exergoeconomic methodologies. In Second Law Analysis of Thermal Systems; American Society of Mechanical Engineers: New York, NY, USA, 1987; pp. 81-87.
10. Kotas, T.J. The Exergy. Method of Thermal Plant. Analysis, reprint ed.; Krieger: Malabar, FL, USA, 1995.
11. Yantovskii, E.I. Energy and Exergy. In Currents: An Introduction to Exergonomics; Nova Science Publishers: New York, NY, USA, 1994.
12. El-Sayed, Y. The Thermoeconomics of Energy Conversion; Elsevier: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2004.
13. Sciubba, E. Exergo-economics: Thermodynamic foundation for a more rational resource use. Int. J. Energy Res. 2005, 29, 613-636.
14. Valero, A. Exergy accounting: Capabilities and drawbacks. Energy 2006, 31, 164-180.
15. Valero, A.; Serra, L.; Uche, J. Fundamentals of exergy cost accounting and thermoeconomics. Part I: Theory. Trans. ASME: J. Energy Resour. Technol. 2006, 128, 1-8.
16. Valero, A.; Serra, L.; Uche, J. Fundamentals of exergy cost accounting and thermoeconomics. Part II: Applications. Trans. ASME: J. Energy Resour. Technol 2006,128, 9-15.
17. Lazzaretto, A.; Tsatsaronis, G. SPECO: A systematic and general methodology for calculating efficiencies and costs in thermal systems. Energy 2006, 31, 1257-1289.
18. Reistad, G.M. Available energy conversion and utilization in the United States. J. Eng. Power 1975, 97, 429-434.
19. Wall, G. Exergy conversion in the Japanese Society. Energy 1990, 15, 435-444.
20. Utlu, Z.; Hepbasli, A. A review on analyzing and evaluating the energy utilization efficiency of countries. Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 2007, 11, 1-29.
21. Ertesvag, I.S. Society exergy analysis: A comparison of different societies. Energy 2001, 26, 253-270.
22. Ayres, R.U.; Ayres, L.W.; Warr, B. Exergy, power and work in the US economy, 1900-1998. Energy 2003, 28, 219-273.
23. Wall, G. Exergy conversions in the Finnish, Japanese and Swedish societies. Report EE; Turku School of Economics, Turku, Finland, 1991.
24. Chen, G.Q.; Qi, Z.H. Systems account of societal exergy utilization: China 2003. Ecol. Modell. 2007, 208, 102-118.
25. Chen, B.; Chen, G.Q. Exergy analysis for resource conversion of the Chinese Society 1993 under the material product system. Energy 2006, 31, 1115-1150.
26. Chen, B.; Chen, G.Q.; Yang, Z.F. Exergy-based resource accounting for China. Ecol. Modell. 2006, 196, 313-328.
27. Hammond, G.P.; Stapleton, A.J. Exergy analysis of the United Kingdom energy system. Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs. 2001, 215, 141-162.
28. Gasparatos, A.; El-Haram, M.; Horner, M. Assessing the sustainability of the UK society using thermodynamic concepts: Part 1. Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 2009, 13, 1074-1081.
29. Gasparatos, A.; El-Haram, M.; Horner, M. Assessing the sustainability of the UK society using thermodynamic concepts: Part 2. Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 2009, 13, 956-970.
30. Warr, B.; Schandl, H.; Ayres, R.U. Long term trends in resource exergy consumption and useful work supplies in the UK, 1900 to 2000. Ecol. Econ. 2008, 68, 126-140.
31. Wall, G. Exergy conversion in the Swedish society. Resour. Energy 1987, 9, 55-73.
32. Wall, G. Exergy use in the Swedish society 1994. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Thermodynamic Analysis and Improvement of Energy Systems, Beijing, China, 10-13 June 1997; pp. 403-413.
33. Ertesvag, I.S.; Mielnik, M. Exergy analysis of the Norwegian society. Energy 2000, 25, 957-973.
34. Ertesvag, I.S. Energy, exergy, and extended-exergy analysis of the Norwegian society 2000. Energy 2005, 30, 649-675.
35. Ptasinski, K.J.; Koymans, M.N.; Verspagen, H.H.G. Performance of the Dutch energy sector based on energy, exergy and extended exergy accounting. Energy 2006, 31, 3135-3144.
36. Wall, G.; Sciubba, E.; Naso, V. Exergy use in the Italian society. Energy 1994, 19, 1267-1274.
37. Stepanov, V.S. A method for estimating the energy efficiency of the economy. Energy 1995, 20, 577-583.
38. Ozdogan, O.; Arikol, M. Energy and exergy analyses of selected Turkish industries. Energy 1995, 20, 73-80.
39. Ileri, A.; Gurer, T. Energy and exergy utilization in Turkey during 1995. Energy 1998, 23, 1099-1106.
40. Schaeffer, R.; Wirtshafter, R.M. An exergy analysis of the Brazilian economy: From energy production to final energy use. Energy 1992, 17, 841-855.
41. Nakicenovic, N.; Gilli, P.V.; Kurz, R. Regional and global exergy and energy efficiencies. Energy 1996, 21, 223-237.
42. Hermann, W.A. Quantifying global exergy resources. Energy 2006, 31, 1685-1702.
43. Banerjee, R.; Cong, Y.; Gielen, D.; Jannuzzi, G.; Maréchal, F.; McKane, A.T.; Rosen, M.A.; van Es, D.; Worrell, E. Chapter 8, End-Use Efficiency: Industry. In Global Energy Assessment: Toward a Sustainable Future; Gomez-Echeverri, L., Johansson, T.B., Nakicenovic, N., Patwardhan, A., Eds.; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Vienna, Austria and Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 2012; pp. 513-573.
44. Chen, G.Q. Exergy consumption of the earth. Ecol. Modell. 2005, 184, 363-380.
45. Rosen, M.A.; Scott, D.S. Entropy production and exergy destruction-Part I: Hierarchy of Earth's major constituencies. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2003, 28, 1307-1313.
46. Brodyanski, V.M.; Sorin, M.V.; Le Goff, P. The efficiency of industrial processes. In Exergy Analysis and Optimization; Elsevier: London, UK, 1994.
47. De Jong, E.D.; Keuken, H.; van der Pol, E.; den Dekker, E.; Kerckhoffs, E.J.H. Exergy analysis of industrial processes using AI techniques. Comput. Chem. Engng. 1996, 20 (Suppl.), S1631-S1636.
48. Utlu, Z.; Hepbasli, A. Energetic and exergetic assessment of the industrial sector at varying dead (reference) state temperatures: A review with an illustrative example. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 2008, 12, 1277-1301.
49. Wall, G. Exergy flows through industrial processes. Energy 1988, 13, 197-208.
50. Utlu, Z.; Hepbasli, A. A review and assessment of the energy utilization efficiency in the Turkish industrial sector using energy and exergy analysis method. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 2007, 11, 1438-1459.
51. Hepbasli, A.; Ozalp, N. Development of energy efficiency and management implementation in the Turkish industrial sector. Energy Convers. Manage. 2003, 44, 231-249.
52. Oladiran, M.T.; Meyer, J.P. Energy and exergy analyses of energy consumptions in the industrial sector in South Africa. Appl. Energy 2007, 84, 1056-1067.
53. Dincer, I.; Hussain, M.M.; Al-Zaharnah, I. Energy and exergy utilization in agricultural sector of Saudi Arabia. Energy Policy 2005, 33, 1461-1467.
54. Ozturk, H.K.; Canyurt, O.E.; Hepbasli, A; Utlu, Z. Three different genetic algorithm approaches to the estimation of residential exergy input/output values. Build. Environ. 2004, 39, 807-816.
55. Utlu, Z.; Hepbasli, A. Parametrical investigation of the effect of dead (reference) state on energy and exergy utilization efficiencies of residential-commercial sectors: A review and an application. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 2007, 11, 603-634.
56. Al-Ghandoor, A.; Al-Hinti, I.; Akash, B.; Abu-Nada, E. Analysis of energy and exergy use in the Jordanian urban residential sector. Int. J. Exergy 2008, 5, 413-428.
57. Utlu, Z.; Hepbasli, A. A study on the evaluation of energy utilization efficiency in the Turkish residential-commercial sector using energy and exergy analyses. Energy Build. 2003, 35, 1145-1153.
58. Utlu, Z.; Hepbasli, A. Analysis of energy and exergy use of the Turkish residential-commercial sector. Build. Environ. 2005, 40, 641-655.
59. Utlu, Z.; Hepbasli, A. Estimating the energy and exergy utilization efficiencies for the residentialcommercial sector: An application. Energy Policy 2006, 34, 1097-1105.
60. Utlu, Z.; Hepbasli, A. Thermoeconomic analysis of energy utilization in the residentialcommercial sector: An application. Build. Environ. 2008, 43, 896-904.
61. Saidur, R.; Masjuki, H.H.; Jamaluddin, M.Y. An application of energy and exergy analysis in residential sector of Malaysia. Energy Policy 2007, 35, 1050-1063.
62. Saidur, R.; Sattar, M.A.; Masjuki, H.H.; Abdessalam, H.; Shahruan, B.S. Energy and exergy analysis at the utility and commercial sectors of Malaysia. Energy Policy 2007, 35, 1956-1966.
63. Utlu, Z.; Hepbasli, A. Assessment of the Turkish utility sector through energy and exergy analyses. Energy Policy 2007, 35, 5012-5020.
64. Dincer, I.; Hussain, M.M.; Al-Zaharnah, I. Energy and exergy use in the utility sector of Saudi Arabia. Desalination 2004, 169, 245-255.
65. Utlu, Z.; Hepbasli, A. Assessment of the energy utilization efficiency in the Turkish transportation sector between 2000 and 2020 using energy and exergy analysis method. Energy Policy 2006, 34, 1611-1618.
66. Ediger, V.S.; Camdali, U.O. Energy and exergy efficiencies in Turkish transportation sector, 1988-2004. Energy Policy 2007, 35, 1238-1244.
67. Koroneos, C.J.; Nanaki, E.A. Energy and exergy utilization assessment of the Greek transport sector. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 2008, 52, 700-706.
68. Jaber, J.O.; Al-Ghandoor, A.; Sawalha, S.A. Energy analysis and exergy utilization in the transportation sector of Jordan. Energy Policy 2008, 36, 2995-3000.
69. Ji, X.; Chen, G.Q. Exergy analysis of energy utilization in the transportation sector in China. Energy Policy 2006, 34, 1709-1719.
70. Saidur, R.; Sattar, M.A.; Masjuki, H.H.; Ahmed, S.; Hashim, U. An estimation of the energy and exergy efficiencies for the energy resources consumption in the transportation sector in Malaysia. Energy Policy 2007, 35, 4018-4026.
71. Federici, M.; Ulgiati, S.; Basosi, R. A thermodynamic, environmental and material flow analysis of the Italian highway and railway transport systems. Energy 2008, 33, 760-775.
72. Dincer, I.; Hussain, M.M.; Al-Zaharnah, I. Energy and exergy use in public and private sector of Saudi Arabia. Energy Policy 2004, 32, 1615-1624.
73. Gaggioli, R.A.; Petit, P.J. Use the second law first. Chemtech 1977, 7, 496-506.
74. Gaggioli, R.A. Personal communication Presentation to Technical Staff at the Institute for Hydrogen Systems, Mississauga, Ontario, USA, 1985.
75. Gaggioli, R.A. Second law analysis for process and energy engineering. In Efficiency and Costing: Second Law Analysis of Processes; American Chemical Society: Washington DC, USA, 1983; ACS Symposium Series 235, pp. 7-50.
76. Lemieux, M.A.; Rosen, M.A. Energy and Exergy Analyses of Energy Utilization in Ontario. Report for Imperial Oil Ltd., Ryerson Polytechnical Institute: Toronto, ON, Canada, 1989.
77. Brown, H.L.; Hamel, B.B.; Hedman, B.A.; Koluch, M.; Gajanana, B.C.; Troy, P. Analysis of 108 Industrial Processes; Fairmount Press: Liburn, GA, USA, 1985.
78. Proposal Criteria and Application Form; Energy Programs and Technology Division, Ontario Ministry of Energy: Toronto, ON, Canada, 1989.
79. Brooks, D.; Torrie, R. Electricity Conservation Supply Curves for Ontario; Marbek Resource Consultants, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 1987.
80. Appliance Efficiency Information Base; Marbek Resource Consultants Limited: Ottawa, ON, Canada, 1987.
81. Commercial/Institutional Buildings, Electrical Energy Technology Study; Engineering Interface Limited and Marbek Resource Consultants Limited: ON, Canada, 1988.
82. Quarterly Report on Energy Supply and Demand, 1987-IV. Ministry of Supply and Services Canada: Ottawa, ON, Canada, 1988; Volume 12.
83. An Energy Efficient Ontario toward the Year 2000. Series: Energy Policy Paper. Ontario Ministry of Energy: Toronto, ON, Canada, 1986.
84. Ontario's Future Electricity Demand; Ontario Ministry of Energy: Toronto, ON, Canada, 1987.
85. Reistad, G.M. Available energy utilization in the United States. In Thermodynamics: Second Law Analysis; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, USA, 1980; ACS Symposium Series 122, pp. 93-110.
86. Rosen, M.A. Economics and Exergy: An. Enhanced Approach to Energy Economics; Nova Science Publishers: Hauppauge, NY, USA, 2011.