Normal sex differences in prenatal growth and abnormal prenatal growth retardation associated with 46,XY disorders of sex development are absent in newborns with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency

Biology of Sex Differences

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2011, Pages

  Chalmers, Laura J ^a   Doherty, Paul ^b   Migeon, Claude J ^b   Copeland, Kenneth C ^c   Bright, Brianna C ^c   Wisniewski, Amy B ^c  

^a University of Oklahoma Tulsa College of Medicine   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84873061531     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20426410     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/2042-6410-2-5     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Aschim EL, Haugen TB, Tretki S, Daltveit AK, Grotmol T: Risk factors for hypospadias in Norwegian boys-association with testicular dysgenesis syndrome? Intl J Androl 2004, 27:213-221. (Pubitemid 39062082)
2. Boisen KA, Chellakooty M, Schmidt IM, Kai CM, Damgaard IN, Suomi AM, Toppari J, Skakkebaek NE, Main KM: Hypospadias in a cohort of 1072 Danish newborn boys: prevalence and relationship to placental weight, anthropometrical measurements at birth, and reproductive hormone levels at three months of age. JCEM 2005, 90:4041-4046. (Pubitemid 41058169)
3. Brouwers MM, Feitz WFJ, Roelofs LAJ, Kiemeney LALM, de Gier RPE, Roelevald N: Risk factors for hypospadias. Eur J Pediatr 2007, 166:671-678. (Pubitemid 46800730)
4. Chong JH, Wee CK, Ho SK, Chan DK: Factors associated with hypospadias in Asian newborns. Perinat Med 2006, 34:497-500. (Pubitemid 44877394)
5. Fredell L, Lichtenstein P, Pederson NL, Svensson J, Nordenskjold A: Hypospadias is related to birth weight in discordant monozygotic twins. J Urol 1998, 160:2197-2199. (Pubitemid 128703653)
6. Gatti JM, Kirsch AJ, Troyer WA, Perez-Brayfield MR, Smith EA, Scherz HC: Increased incidence of hypospadias in small-for-gestational age infants in neonatal intensive-care unit. Br J Urol Int 2001, 87:548-550. (Pubitemid 32291351)
7. Hughes IA, Northstone K, Golding J, ALSPAC Study Team: Reduced birth weight in boys with hypospadias: an index of androgen dysfunction? Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2002, 87:150-151.
8. Hussain N, Chaghtai A, Herndon A, Herson VC, Rosenkrantz TS, McKenna PH: Hypospadias and early gestation growth restriction in infants. Pediatr 2002, 109:473-478. (Pubitemid 34177511)
9. Mendonca BB, Billerbeck AE, de Zegher F: Nongenetic male pseudohermaphroditism and reduced prenatal growth. N Engl J Med 2001, 345:1135.
10. Hughes IA, Houk C, Ahmed SF, Lee PA: Consensus statement on management of intersex disorders. Arch Dis Child 2006, 91:554-563. (Pubitemid 44023350)
11. Francois I, van Helvoirt M, de Zegher F: Male pseudohermaphroditism related to complications at conception, in early pregnancy or in prenatal growth. Horm Res 1999, 51:91-95. (Pubitemid 29261687)
12. Neto FAM, Morcillo AM, Maciel-Guerra AT, Guerra G Jr: Idiopathic male pseudohermaphroditism is associated with prenatal growth retardation. Eur J Pediatr 2005, 164:287-291.
13. Meau-Petit V, Marcou V, Trivin C, Lortat-Jacob S, McElreavey K, Brauner R: Idiopathic male pseudohermaphroditism: variations in presentation and management. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2005, 18:569-575. (Pubitemid 40916485)
14. Morel Y, Rey R, Teinturier C, Nicolino M, Michel-Calemard L, Mowszowicz I, Jaubert F, Fellous M, Chaussain JL, Chatelain P, David M, Nihoul-Fekete C, Forest MG, Josso N: Aetiological diagnosis of male sex ambiguity: a collaborative study. Eur J Pediatr 2002, 161:49-59. (Pubitemid 34031275)
15. Fields DA, Krishnan S, Wisniewski AB: Sex differences in body composition early in life. Gender Med 2009, 6:369-375.
16. Hindmarsh PC, Geary MP, Rodeck CH, Kingdom JC, Cole TJ: Intrauterine growth and its relationship to size and shape at birth. Pediatr Res 2002, 52:263-268. (Pubitemid 34827248)
17. Saenger P, Czernichow P, Highes I, Reiter EO: Small for gestational age: short stature and beyond. Endo Rev 2007, 28:219-251. (Pubitemid 46984835)
18. Migeon CJ, Wisniewski AB: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia owing to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: growth, development and therapeutic considerations. In Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America. Volume 30. Edited by: Speiser PW. Pennsylvania: WB Saunders Co; 2001:(1):193-206. (Pubitemid 32381721)
19. Stikkelbroeck NMML, Van't Hof-Grootenboer BAE, Hermus ARMM, Otten BJ, Van't Hof MA: Growth inhibition by glucocorticoid treatment in salt wasting 21-hydroxylase deficiency: in early infancy and (pre)puberty. JCEM 2003, 88:3525-3530. (Pubitemid 37034490)
20. Jaaskelainen J, Voutilainen R: Growth of patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency: an analysis of the factors influencing adult height. Pediatr Res 1997, 41:30-33. (Pubitemid 27008632)
21. Balsamo A, Wasniewska M, Di Pasquale G, Salzano G, Baronio F, Bombaci S, De Luca F: Birth length and weight in congenital adrenal hyperplasia according to the different phenotypes. Eur J Pediatr 2006, 165:380-383.
22. Bonfig W, Schmidt H, Schwart HP: Growth patterns in the first 3 years of life in children with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia diagnosed by newborn screening and treated with low doses of hydrocortisone. Horm Res Paediatr 2011, 75:32-37.
23. Vogiatzi MG, Copeland KC: The short child. Pediatr Rev 1998, 19:92-99.
24. Pang S, Clark A: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: newborn screening and its relationship to the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder. Screening 1993, 2:105-139. (Pubitemid 23248989)
25. Van Vliet G: Neonatal endocrinopathies: should we change the screening methods? Ital J Pediatr 2005, 31:209-212. (Pubitemid 43116714)
26. Therrell BL: Newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Endocrinol Metab Clini North Am 2001, 30:15-30. (Pubitemid 32381712)
27. Pang S, Hotchikiss J, Drash AL, Levine LS, New MI: Microfilter paper method for 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone radioimmunoassay: its application for rapid screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. JCEM 1977, 45:1003-1008. (Pubitemid 8238614)
28. Honour JW, Torresani T: Evaluation of neonatal screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Horm Res 2001, 55:206-211. (Pubitemid 34701725)
29. Murtaza L, Sibert JR, Hughes I, Balfour IC: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia-a clinical and genetic survey. Are we detecting male salt-losers? Arch Dis Child 1980, 55:622-625. (Pubitemid 10059448)
30. Johnson TS, Engstrom JL, Haney SL, Mulcrone SL: Reliability of three length measurement technique in term infants. Pediatric Nursing 1999, 25:13-17.
31. Johnson TS, Engstrom JL, Gelhar D: Intra-and interexaminer reliability of anthropometric measurements of term infants. Journal of Pedia Gastro and Nutrit 1997, 24:497-505. (Pubitemid 27216863)
32. Johnson TS, Engstrom JL, Warda JA, Kabat M, Peters B: Reliability of length measurements in term infants. Hournal of Obstet, Gynecol and Neonatal Nursing 1998, 27:270-276.
33. WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study Group: WHO Child Growth Standards based on length/height, weight and age. Acta Paediatr 2006, 450(Suppl):76-85.
34. Wisniewski AB, Migeon CJ, Meyer-Bahlburg HFL, Gearhart JP, Berkovitz GD, Brown TR, Money J: Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome: longterm medical, surgical and psychosexual outcome. JCEM 2000, 85:2664-2669. (Pubitemid 32269133)
35. Backeljauw P, Bang P, Dunger DB, Juul A, Le Bouc Y, Rosenfeld R: Insulinlike growth factor-I in growth and metabolism. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2010, 23:3-16.
36. Gicquel C, Le Bouc Y: Hormonal regulation of fetal growth. Horm Res 2006, 3(Suppl):28-33. (Pubitemid 44689430)
37. Hauser J, Dettling-Artho A, Pilloud S, Maier C, Knapman A, Feldon J, Pryce CR: Effects of prenatal physical, endocrine and social development in the common marmoset monkey. Endocrinology 2007, 148:1813-1822. (Pubitemid 46457098)
38. Kapoor A, Matthews SG: Short periods of prenatal stress affect growth, behaviour and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in male guinea pig offspring. J Physiol 2005, 566:967-977. (Pubitemid 41122675)
39. Kranendonk G, Hopster H, Fillerup M, Ekkel ED, Mulder EJ, Wiegant VM, Taverne MA: Lower birth weight and attenuated adrenocortical response to ACTH in offspring from sows that orally received cortisol during gestation. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2006, 30:218-238. (Pubitemid 43290606)
40. Javen I, Williams NA, Young IR, Luff AR, Walker D: Growth and differentiation of fast and slow muscles in fetal sheep, the effects of hypophysectomy. J Physiol 1996, 494:839-849. (Pubitemid 26278859)
41. Deayton JM, Young IR, Thorburn GD: Early hypophysectomy of sheep fetuses: effects on growth, placental steroidogenesis and prostaglandin production. J Reprod Fertil 1993, 97:513-520. (Pubitemid 23127691)
42. Mesiano S, Young IR, Baxter RC, Hintz RL, Browne CA, Thorburn GD: Effect of hypophysectomy with and without thyroxine replacement on growth and circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I and II in the fetal lamb. Endocrinology 1987, 120:1821-1830. (Pubitemid 17069210)