Looking for displacement effects: Exploring the case of ecstasy and amphetamine in the Netherlands

Trends in Organized Crime

Volumn 15, Issue 2-3, 2012, Pages 198-214

  Vijlbrief, Matthijs F J ^a  

^a National Crime Squad of the Netherlands Police Agency   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Crime displacement; Effects; Interventions; Measures; Organized crime; Situational prevention; Synthetic drugs

Indexed keywords

EID: 84873022298     PISSN: 10844791     EISSN: 19364830     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12117-012-9158-0     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. AIHW (2011) 2010 National Drug Strategy Household Survey Report. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra.
2. Albanese JS (2009) Controlling organized crime: looking for evidence-based approaches. Victims & Offenders 4(4): 412-419.
3. Barr R, Pease K (1990) Crime placement, displacement and deflection. In: Tonry MH, Morris N (eds) Crime and Justice. A Review of Research, vol. 12. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
4. Bosse T, Gerritsen C, Hoogendoorn M, Waqar Jaffry S, Treur J (2008) Agent-based vs. population-based simulation of displacement of crime: a comparative study. Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam.
5. Bouloukos AC, Farrell G, Laycock G (2003) Transnational organised crime in Europe and North America: the need for situational crime prevention efforts. In: Aromaa K, Leppä S, Nevala S, Ollus N (eds) Crime and criminal justice in Europe and North America 1995-1997: report on the sixth United Nations survey on crime trends and criminal justice systems. HEUNI, Helsinki, pp 176-192.
6. Brunt TM, Niesink RJM (2011) The Drug Information and Monitoring System (DIMS) in the Netherlands: implementation, results, and international comparison. Drug Test Anal 2011. doi: 10. 1002/dta. 323.
7. Bullock K, Clarke RV, Tilley N (eds) (2010) Situational prevention of organised crimes. Willan Publishing, Devon.
8. Clarke RV (1980) Situational crime prevention. Theory and practice. Br J Criminol 2: 136-147.
9. Clarke, RV (2009) Situational crime prevention: theoretical background and current practice. In: Krohn MD, Lizotte AJ & Hall GP (eds) Handbook on crime and deviance, handbooks of sociology and social research, Part 3, (pp. 259-276), doi: 10. 1007/978-1-4419-0245-0_14. Springer: New York.
10. Clarke RV, Eck J (2005) Crime analysis for problem solvers: in 60 small steps. U. S. Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, Washington, DC.
11. Clarke RV, Weisburd D (1994) Dissuasion of crime control benefits: observations on the reverse of displacement. In: Clarke RV (ed) Crime prevention studies, Vol. 2. Criminal Justice Press, Monsey, pp 165-183.
12. Cornish DB (1994) The procedural analysis of offending and its relevance for situational prevention. In: Clarke RV (ed) Crime prevention studies, Vol. 3. Criminal Justice Press, Monsey, pp 151-196.
13. Cornish DB, Clarke RV (1987) Understanding crime displacement: an application of rational choice theory. Criminology 25: 933-948. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1745-9125. 1987. tb00826. x.
14. Cornish DB, Clarke RV (2003) Opportunities, precipitators and criminal decisions: a reply to Wortley's critique of situational crime prevention. In: Smith MJ, Cornish DB (eds) Theory for practice in situational crime prevention: vol. 16, Crime Prevention Studies. Criminal Justice press, Money, pp 41-96.
15. DIMS (2009) Drugs Informatie en Monitoring Systeem (DIMS): Resultaten eerste halfjaar 2009.
16. Dorn N (2000) Performance management, indicators and drug enforcement: in the crossfire or at the crossroads? In: Natarajan M, Hough M (eds) Illegal drug markets: from research to prevention policy. DrugScope, London, pp 299-318.
17. Ekblom P (1997) Gearing up against crime: a dynamic framework to help designers keep up with the adaptive criminal in a changing world. Int J Risk Sec Crime Prevent 2(4): 249-265.
18. EMCDDA (2010) Annual report 2010: the state of the drugs problem in Europe. European monitoring centre for drugs and drug addiction. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction: Lisbon.
19. Europol (2009) Organized crime threat assessment. European Police Office, The Hague.
20. Guerette RT, Bowers KJ (2009) Assessing the extent of crime displacement and diffusion of benefits: a review of situational crime prevention evaluations. Criminology 47(4): 1331-1368.
21. Hesseling RBP (1994a) Displacement: a review of the empirical literature. In: Clarke RV (ed) Crime prevention studies, vol. 3. Criminal Justice Press, Monsey, pp 197-230.
22. Hesseling RBP (1994b) Stoppen of verplaatsen; een literatuuronderzoek over gelegenheidsbeperkende preventie en verplaatsing van criminaliteit. Gouda Quint, Arnhem.
23. INCB (2009) Precursor chemicals and chemicals frequently used in the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, report of the International Narcotics Control Board for 2007-2008. International Narcotics Control Board, Vienna.
24. INCB (2010) Report of the International Narcotics Control Board for 2009. International Narcotics Control Board, Vienna.
25. Kim M, Bonner H, McLean S & Worden R (2007) Capturing crime displacement and diffusion of benefit effects during/after police interventions, Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Atlanta Marriott Marquis: Atlanta, Georgia, November 14, 2007.
26. Kleemans E (2007) Organized crime, transit crime, and racketeering. In: Tonry M, Bijleveld C (eds) Crime and justice in the Netherlands. Crime and justice. A review of research, 35th edn. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 163-215.
27. Kleemans ER, Soudijn MRJ, Weenink A (2010) Situational crime prevention and cross-border crime. In: Bullock K, Clarke RV, Tilley N (eds) Situational prevention of organised crime. Crime science series. Willan Publishing, Cullompton.
28. KLPD (2005) Criminaliteitsbeeldanalyse synthetische drugs 2002-2004. Driebergen: Korps landelijke politiediensten. (Crime Pattern Analysis 2002-2004).
29. KLPD (2008) Synthetische drugs en precursoren: Deelrapport Criminaliteitsbeeldanalyse 2007. Driebergen: Netherlands Police Agency. (Crime Pattern Analysis 2007).
30. KLPD (2010a) CBA-monitor 2009 synthetische drugs en precursoren. Driebergen: Netherlands Police Agency (Not published). (Crime Pattern Analysis 2009).
31. KLPD (2010b) Jaarverslag synthetische drugs en precursoren 2009. Son: Netherlands Police Agency (Annual report 2009).
32. KLPD (2010c) Georganiseerde criminaliteit in politieregio's, Een analyse van 25 regionale CBA's. Zoetermeer: KLPD-IPOL (Organized crime in police regions: an analysis of 25 regional crime pattern analyses).
33. KLPD (2010d) Jaarverslag LFO 2009. Driebergen: Netherlands Police Agency (Not published). (Annual report national dismantling facility 2009).
34. Lanier MM, Henry S (2004) Essential criminology, 2nd edn. Westview Press, Colorado.
35. Ministry of Justice (2001) Samenspannen tegen XTC. Een plan van aanpak ter intensivering van het Nederlandse beleid inzake synthetische drugs. (Conspire against Ecstasy. Action plan for intensifying the Dutch synthetic drugs policy).
36. Shukla RK, Bartgis EE (2009) Responding to clandestine methamphetamine manufacturing: a case study in situational crime prevention. Crim Justice Pol Rev 21: 338-362, 2010.
37. Spapens T (2006) Interactie tussen criminaliteit en opsporing. De gevolgen van opsporingsactiviteiten voor de organisatie en afscherming van XTC-productie en -handel in Nederland. Antwerpen: Intersentia.
38. Spapens T (2011) Interaction between criminal groups and law enforcement: the case of ecstasy in the Netherlands. Global Crime 12(1): 19-40.
39. Trimbos-instituut (2010) Nationale drug monitor, Jaarbericht 2009. Utrecht: Trimbos-instituut (Dutch Institute of Mental Health and Addiction).
40. Tweede Kamer 2010Z11213 (Dutch Lower House 2010Z11213, session year 2009-2010). Questions by member van der Ham (D66) to the Ministers of Health, Welfare and Sport, and Justice & security about substitution of ecstasy, 23 July 2010.
41. UNODC (2008) World drug report 2008. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna.
42. UNODC (2010) World drug report 2010. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna.
43. UNODC (2011a) Global SMART update. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna, 6, November 2011.
44. UNODC (2011b) World drug report 2011. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna.
45. UNODC (2011c) Amphetamines and ecstasy. 2011 Global ATS assessment. Global SMART programme. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna.
46. van der Schoot CRA (2006) Organised crime prevention in the Netherlands: Exposing the effectiveness of preventive measures (PhD thesis). Erasmus University Rotterdam: Rotterdam.
47. Von Lampe K (2011) The application of the framework of situational crime prevention to 'organized crime'. Criminol Crim Justice 11(2): 145-163.
48. Weisburd D, Wyckoff LA, Ready J, Eck JE, Hinkle J & Gajewski F (2005) Does crime just move around the corner? A study of displacement and diffusion in Jersey City, NJ.
49. Weisburd D, Wyckoff LA, Ready J, Eck JE, Hinkle JC, Gajewski F (2006) Does crime just move around the corner? A controlled study of spatial displacement and diffusion of crime control benefits. Criminology 44: 549-591.